Puyang is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Located on the northern shore of the Yellow River, it borders Anyang in the west, Xinxiang in the southwest, and the provinces of Shandong and Hebei in the east and north respectively.
Puyang
濮阳市 | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Puyang in Henan | |
  Puyang Location on the North China Plain  Puyang Puyang (China) | |
| Coordinates (Puyang municipal government): 35°45′46″N 115°01′45″E / 35.7627°N 115.0292°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Henan |
| Municipal seat | Hualong District |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | He Xiong (何雄) |
| • Mayor | Zhao Ruidong (赵瑞东) |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 4,188 km2 (1,617 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 310 km2 (120 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,520 km2 (970 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 3,772,088 |
| • Density | 900/km2 (2,300/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 963,512 |
| • Urban density | 3,100/km2 (8,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,524,658 |
| • Metro density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| GDP[3][4] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 145.0 billion US$ 21.8 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 40,059 US$ 6,031 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 457000 |
| Area code | 0393 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HA-09 |
| Ethnicities | |
| County-level divisions | 6 |
| Township-level divisions | 89 |
| Average Temperature | 13.7 °C (56.7 °F) |
| License Plate Prefix | 豫J |
| Website | puyang |
| Puyang | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 濮阳 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 濮陽 | ||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Púyáng | ||||||
| Postal | Puyang | ||||||
| |||||||
As of the 2020 census, its total population was 3,772,088 and its built-up (or metro) area made of Hualong district, Puyang County and Qingfeng County largely being conurbated, was home to 2,524,658 inhabitants.
Administration
editThe prefecture-level city of Puyang administers 1 district and 5 counties.
- Hualong District (华龙区)
- Puyang County (濮阳县)
- Qingfeng County (清丰县)
- Nanle County (南乐县)
- Fan County (范县)
- Taiqian County (台前县)
| Map |
|---|
Climate
editAffected by the south-east Asian monsoon circulation around the year and located in the mid-latitude region, the city has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate featuring clearly demarcated seasons. In spring, it is usually dry, windy and sandy. High temperatures and heavy rainfall mark the whole summer. In autumn there are plenty of sunny days as well as long periods of sunshine. In winter, it is characterized by less snow and rainfall. The adequate sunshine meets the needs for growing crops. The annual average temperature stands at 13.72 °C (56.7 °F); the extreme maximum is 43.1 °C (110 °F), while the extreme minimum is −21 °C (−6 °F)[citation needed]. The non-frost period lasts 205 days. The annual precipitation is around 502.3mm～601.3mm.
| Climate data for Puyang (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) |
24.6 (76.3) |
28.4 (83.1) |
33.4 (92.1) |
36.6 (97.9) |
41.4 (106.5) |
41.0 (105.8) |
37.0 (98.6) |
36.8 (98.2) |
34.7 (94.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
22.9 (73.2) |
41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
8.7 (47.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
21.3 (70.3) |
26.8 (80.2) |
31.9 (89.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
30.5 (86.9) |
27.0 (80.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
13.0 (55.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
19.9 (67.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
15.1 (59.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
25.7 (78.3) |
27.1 (80.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
14.9 (58.8) |
7.1 (44.8) |
0.9 (33.6) |
14.1 (57.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.0 (23.0) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
3.5 (38.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
23.2 (73.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
9.4 (48.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.0 (−4.0) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
11.6 (52.9) |
16.1 (61.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−18.4 (−1.1) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 4.8 (0.19) |
9.3 (0.37) |
15.0 (0.59) |
30.7 (1.21) |
50.5 (1.99) |
68.5 (2.70) |
162.9 (6.41) |
117.5 (4.63) |
59.9 (2.36) |
30.1 (1.19) |
22.7 (0.89) |
5.7 (0.22) |
577.6 (22.75) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.5 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 5.0 | 6.2 | 7.4 | 11.1 | 9.6 | 7.3 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 2.7 | 69.2 |
| Average snowy days | 3.1 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 10.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 66 | 63 | 60 | 65 | 67 | 65 | 80 | 83 | 78 | 72 | 71 | 68 | 70 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 128.5 | 140.9 | 193.1 | 217.5 | 237.3 | 222.2 | 187.1 | 188.6 | 170.3 | 170.0 | 145.9 | 140.5 | 2,141.9 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 41 | 45 | 52 | 55 | 54 | 51 | 42 | 46 | 46 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 48 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6] | |||||||||||||
History
editThe burial site of Yangshao culture features a depiction believed to be an ancient cosmogram depicting the round Heaven and the square Earth.[7]
Puyang abounds with its historical and cultural heritage, and is widely acclaimed as one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. The Classic of Poetry, the earliest collection of verses in China, includes many poems that depict the countryside of Puyang. Famous historical figures from Puyang include Wu Qi, a military strategist, Shang Yang, a statesman, and Lü Buwei, a great thinker.
Three Kingdoms
editDuring the Three Kingdoms era, Puyang served as Cao Cao's headquarters from 191 until 196 CE in Yan Province and served as the battlefield for the Battle of Yan Province from 194-195 CE.[8]
Qing Dynasty and Republic of China
editPuyang was a county of Daming Prefecture, Zhili province. In 1928, Zhili was abolished and Puyang was incorporated into Henan province.
People's Republic of China
editIn August 1949 Puyang was taken back from Henan and included in the experimental province Pingyuan. In November 1953 it was finally reinstated under the Henan administration.
In 1987 a historical relic, made up of a series of clams arranged in dragon patterns, was unearthed. The valuable discovery, which could be dated back to more than 6,400 years ago, had pushed forward the history of Chinese civilization for over 1,400 years, and therefore earned itself an international reputation of "the First Dragon of China".[9] The Chinese Yanhuang Culture Researching Association has accordingly named Puyang "the Hometown of Chinese Dragons”. Abundant heritage along with a long history has endowed Puyang with plenty of tourism resources, which is certainly of great investment value. Chinese scholars therefore regard Puyang as one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization.
Tourist sites
editUntil the end of 2012, Puyang has 4 national cultural relics protection units: Qicheng Relics, Tangwu Gong Tablet, the former sites of the revolutionary armies which is including Yancunpu revolutionary site and Shanguai former revolutionary base; 25 provincial cultural relics protection units: Xishuiipo Relics, Huiluan Tablet, the memorial site of the revolutionary armies crossing the river, Chengzhuang site, Tieqiu site, Mazhuang site, Xiancheng Relics, Sipai Pavilion (including the nearby folk houses), the tombstone of Wei's family, Puyang Christ church (including the former site of Huamei school), the Martyrs' Cemetery of Weihe county, the former headquarters of PLA, Balimiao Yellow River –controlling memorial (including the iron beast), Nanle Confucius temple, Kuaikui platform site, Cangjie mausoleum site, Danzhu Tomb, zilu Mausoleum, the headquarters site of the field army, the Puzhao Temple, Gaocheng Relics, Xiaqiu site, the anti-Japanese martyrs' shrine in Qingfeng county, the former administration site of Zhinan CPC, Puyang Catholic church. The key cultural relics protection units of city and county level have 201 sites.
The main tourist attractions in the city area are Zhongyuan Green Manor, Qicheng Relics, Pushang Park, Cangjie Tomb, Zhanghui Mausoleum, Emperor Shun's Palace, Huiluan Tablet, Imperial Well, Sipai Pavilion, the four street of Ming & Qing dynasties, the hometown of Emperor Shun, Yancunpu revolutionary site, Shanguai former revolutionary base, the museum of the Liu-Deng Army crossing Yellow River, Puyang Science and Technology Museum etc. In 1994, the line of Confucius traveling around the world 2500 years ago had been approved by China National Tourism Administration and State Administration of Cultural Heritage as the first Chinese tourism special line of cultural relics and historic sites, including Puyang Qicheng Relics, Zilu Tomb, Huiluan Tablet etc. After 1999, Puyang opened up another five special tourism lines. In 2005, puyang one-day red tour, two-day tour had been launched and the PLA sites tour containing Shanguai, Sunkou had been recommended by Henan Tourism Administration as a provincial red tourism line. After 2006, relying on the abundant history and culture resources and its morden city landscape, Puyang developed its tourism deeply and greatly. Till now, Puyang has successfully developed and created a series of tourist brands: the city scenery tour represented by the city squares, gardens and parks, and the water system; the ecological environment tour represented by Zhongyuan Green Manor and Pushang Park; the historical and cultural tour by Qicheng Relics and Cangjie Tomb; the Yellow River scenery tour by Maolou Ecological Tourism Zone; the surname & root seeking tour by Zhanghui Mausoleum and Emperor Shun's Palace; the leisure acrobatics tour by Dongbei village's original acrobatics and modern "Water show" acrobatics; the scientific knowledge tour by Puyang Science and Technology Museum, the efficient agriculture tour by Shijin Park; the classical red tour by Shanguai former revolutionary base and the museum of the Liu-Deng Army crossing the Yellow River; and the modern industry tour by Zhongyuan Oilfield, Zhongyuan Ethylene Plant and Zhongyuan Dahua Group Ltd. etc.
Natural resources
editPuyang is a petrol-chemical city. The major mineral resources include petroleum, natural gas, coal, etc. especially rich reserve of high-quality petroleum and natural gas. As an important national petrol-chemical energy base, large-sized enterprises such as Zhongyuan Oilfield, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Zhongyuan Dahua Group and so on have been established there. The petrol-chemical industry has become the support of Puyang's economy.
References
edit- ^ 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com. Hongheiku.com (in Chinese). Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ^ "China: Hénán (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". Citypopulation.de. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
- ^ 河南省统计局、国家统计局河南调查总队 (November 2017). 《河南统计年鉴－2017》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-8268-8. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ "河南统计年鉴—2017". www.ha.stats.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
- ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
- ^ K.C.Chang in the Cambridge History of China, 1999, p.67
- ^ de Crespigny, Rafe (2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD). Leiden: Brill. pp. 35–39. ISBN 9789047411840. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ "Battle for the dragon's lair". The Standard. Archived from the original on 6 June 2015. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
External links
edit- Government website of Puyang (in Simplified Chinese)
- Puyang, China
- Amazing Henan