[go: up one dir, main page]
Wikipedia

Majzoob (Sufism)

This article is about Majzoob in Sufism. For other uses, see Majzoob (disambiguation).

In Sufism, the Majzoob or Majzub (Arabic: مَجْذُوب, plural: مَجَاذِيبٌ majazib, majazeeb) is a mystical station (ḥāl) that the Muslim saint (wali) underwent in his journey within Islamic sufism to reach the posture (maqām) of reacher (wasil) and perfect man (al-Insān al-Kāmil).[1][2][3][4][5]

Presentation

edit

Majzoobs are such murids whose hearts (qulub) are soaked, immersed and illuminated with anwar and asrar even before they engage in adhkar and awrad.[6][7]

They do not first engage in dhikr until God illumines their hearts and guides them from the very inception.[8][9]

After being illumined with divine lights, they engage in recitation and invocation which is not a hard task for them because in their state it is just as breathing is.[10][11]

Duncan Forbes said:[12]

Majzub, attracted, abstracted

— Duncan Forbes, A Dictionary, Hindustani & English, Page 668.

John Thompson Platts said:[13][14]

Majzub (Drawn, attracted ; carried away (by), abstracted ; absorbed (in), lost (in)): One whom God has drawn to himself ; a madman ; an ascetic much given to divine meditation.

— John Thompson Platts, A Dictionary of Urdū, Classical Hindī, and English, Volume 1, Page 1002.

Ra Gohar Shahi said:[15]

Faiz without the required knowledge will turn the aspirant into a Majzoob (an enlightened person who lost the intellect in God's love).

— Ra Gohar Shahi, The Religion of God (Divine Love): Untold Mysteries and Secrets of God, Page 20.

Muḥammad Fasī al-Dīn said:[16]

While it would not be strictly true to define the Majzoob as an eccentric recluse, he is so exercised in bringing his soul in touch with the Divine Essence as to be practically oblivious of what goes on around him.

— Muḥammad Fasī al-Dīn, Kings of the East, Pages 99-100.

Since the Majzoob is a wasil who has approached and reached the pinnacle of Sufism, the Sufis ascribe all sorts of Karamat and powers to them, from helping others miraculously to knowing matters of Al-Ghaib[17]

Difference with Salik

edit

The wali who is characterized by attraction and soaking, is distinguished, from other salikin saints who are characterized by behavior, in that he receives from God selection and care without much religious practice (ibadah) of remembrance (dhikr) and rituals (awrad), thus reaching the station (maqām) of the linker (wasil).[18][19][20]

Syed Yusuf Shahab said in his book The Lost Sufis of Delhi:[21]

The journey results in two different attribute of temperament, that is “majzoob” and “saalik”. Majzoobs are those who lose themselves and devote to god that they forget world and in search of peace they want to spend their life in loneliness. On another hand, Saaliks are those, who are close to Allah, they perform their worldly duties with keeping in mind of their duties.

— Syed Yusuf Shahab, The Lost Sufis of Delhi, Page 3.

Legality

edit

The Islamic legality of majzoob's position is stated in the Quran in several verses:

  • Verse 58 of Surah Maryam shows that seeking refuge (Arabic: اجْتِبَاءٌ) and guidance (hidayah) is one of the favors (ni'ma [Wikidata]) of God Almighty over some of His chosen and selected servants, and among them are those who are attracted (majazeeb):[22]
وَمِمَّنْ هَدَيْنَا وَاجْتَبَيْنَا ‎

English: Several translations of the meaning:
1- And of those We ˹rightly˺ guided and chose.
2- And from among those whom We guided and chose.
3- Of those whom We guided and chose.
4- And from those We guided and selected.
5- And from among those We guided and chose.
(Quran: 19:58)[23][24][25][26][27]

  • Verse 13 of Surah Ash-Shura shows that seeking refuge (Arabic: اجْتِبَاءٌ) is a favor (Arabic: نِعْمَةٌ) of God Almighty, and guidance (hidayah) is offered to the assiduous and humble practitioner:[28]
اللَّهُ يَجْتَبِي إِلَيْهِ مَن يَشَاءُ، وَيَهْدِي إِلَيْهِ مَن يُنِيبُ ‎

English: Several translations of the meaning:
1- Allah chooses for Himself whoever He wills, and guides to Himself whoever turns ˹to Him˺.
2- Allah chooses for Himself whom He wills, and guides unto Himself who turns to Him in repentance and in obedience.
3- Allah chooses to Himself those whom He pleases, and guides to Himself those who turn (to Him).
4- God chooses to Himself whom He wills, and He guides to Himself whoever repents.
5- Allah chooses for it whomever He wishes and He guides to it whomever returns penitently.
(Quran: 42:13)[29][30][31][32][33]

Practice

edit

When the chosen majzoob receives the divine flow (faydh [Wikidata]) of the ma'rifa, the irfan and the haqiqa, he finds himself in a situation of sublimation (Arabic: اصطلام) due to this spiritual ascent (Arabic: التَّرَقِّي) unexpected and sudden, and therefore a whole directive of conduct must taint his subsequent behavior (suluk (Sufism) [Wikidata]) in order to attain the approval and acceptance of his Lord.[34][35]

He must then look for a sheikh or murshid proven and confirmed in Sufism to accompany him in his return to the worldly life of Muslims through a prolapse (Arabic: التَّدَلِّي) from this position of ecstasy to a form of moderate ritual practice (ibadah) according to sharia and righteousness (istiqama [Wikidata]), and he will then be named salik.[36][37]

If this attraction is pure generosity (karamat) from the Lord, then the etiquette of the slave (abd (Islam) [Wikidata]) requires him to abide by the modesty of this generous gift through his commitment to uprightness in his desires, laws and commands stipulated in the Quran and Sunnah in order to achieve true servitude (ubudiyya [Wikidata]).[38][39]

Ibn al-Banna al-Sarqasti composed a poem in which he described the need of the devotees of God, among them the majazeeb, for a guide and a sheikh who guides them to the signs of true worship:[40][41]

Misconducts

edit

When the majzoob practices the awrad without moderation and balance, this insanity can cause a permanent physical and mental abuse to the Sufi.[42][43][44]

People in this abused state can be seen like crazy and vagabonds near the tombs of the Sufis and in isolated places.[45][46][47]

Sometimes, the Sufis glorify the state of these majazeeb claiming that they have not acquired this state but that it is something bestowed.[48][49][50]

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ El-Aswad, El-Sayed (13 July 2012). Muslim Worldviews and Everyday Lives. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 9780759121218. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  2. ^ El-Aswad, el-Sayed; Al-Aswad, al-Sayyid Hafiz (2002). Religion and Folk Cosmology: Scenarios of the Visible and Invisible in Rural Egypt. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9780897899246. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  3. ^ Ameer-ul-Kaunain (The Master of Worlds): English Translation with Persian Text. Sultan ul Faqr Publications. ISBN 9789699795565.
  4. ^ Bahoo, Sultan. Kaleed-ul-Tauheed Kalan (The Key of Divine Oneness): English Translation with Persian Text. Sultan ul Faqr Publications. ISBN 9789699795688.
  5. ^ حقيقة التصوف بين التأصيل والتأثير (دراسة علمية نقدية للتصوف الإسلامي ما له وما عليه). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2011. ISBN 9782745169976.
  6. ^ ألفية التصوف لمصطفى البكري وشرحها. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2020. ISBN 9782745197023. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  7. ^ رياض الرقائق وحياض الحقائق على صلاة القطب الفائق عبد السلام بن مشيش (سلسلة الأنوار الإلهية -5-). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2016. ISBN 9782745168702.
  8. ^ عمار, علي سالم (8 August 2020). "حقائق في التصوف". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  9. ^ رسائل صوفية في الحقائق والتجليات الإلهية الأنفسية والآفاقية. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2013. ISBN 9782745170569. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  10. ^ Shahab, Syed Yusuf (2 August 2020). "The Lost Sufis of Delhi: Forgotten Sufis & Heritage Encyclopedia - Syed Yusuf Shahab - Google Livres". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  11. ^ كتاب سيدي علي الجمل. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2007. ISBN 9782745157591.
  12. ^ Forbes, Duncan (1866). "A Dictionary, Hindustani & English: Accompanied by a Reversed Dictionary, English and Hindustani". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  13. ^ Platts, John Thompson (1911). "A Dictionary of Urdū, Classical Hindī, and English".
  14. ^ "Meaning of majzuub".
  15. ^ The Religion of God (Divine Love): Untold Mysteries and Secrets of God. BalboaPress. 17 May 2012. ISBN 9781452549071. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  16. ^ "Kings of the East". 1923.
  17. ^ زكي مبارك, د. (18 November 2018). "التَّصوف الإسلامي في الأدب والأخلاق". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  18. ^ Ganj ul Asrar (The Treasure of Divine Secrets): English Translation with Persian Text. Sultan ul Faqr Publications. ISBN 9789699795299. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  19. ^ Ain ul Faqr (The Soul of Faqr): English Translation with Persian Text. 2016. ISBN 9789699795442. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  20. ^ Shams ul Arifeen (The Enlightening Sun for the Knowers of Allah): English Translation with Persian Text. ISBN 9789699795336.
  21. ^ Shahab, Syed Yusuf (2 August 2020). "The Lost Sufis of Delhi: Forgotten Sufis & Heritage Encyclopedia". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  22. ^ Hoshang Bharucha, Dr (25 September 2018). Glimpses of Guruprasad. Notion Press. ISBN 9781644290248. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  23. ^ "Surah Maryam - 1-98".
  24. ^ "Surah Maryam". Archived from the original on 15 May 2021.
  25. ^ "Surah Maryam Roman Transliteration". Archived from the original on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  26. ^ Quran in English - Clear and Easy to Read. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  27. ^ "The Quran". Archived from the original on 29 January 2009. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  28. ^ Malik, Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam (1997). English Translation of the Meaning of Al-Qur'an: The Guidance for Mankind (English Only). The Institute of Islamic Knowledge. ISBN 9780911119770.
  29. ^ "Surah Ash-Shuraa - 1-53".
  30. ^ "42. Surah Ash-Shurah – NobleQuran.com".
  31. ^ "Surah Ash-Shura Roman Transliteration".
  32. ^ Quran in English - Clear and Easy to Read.
  33. ^ "The Quran".
  34. ^ Werbner, Pnina (2003). Pilgrims of Love: The Anthropology of a Global Sufi Cult. C. Hurst. ISBN 9781850656517.
  35. ^ El-Aswad, El-Sayed (13 July 2012). Muslim Worldviews and Everyday Lives. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 9780759121218.
  36. ^ Hasan, Gul (1998). Solomon's Ring. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 9780761989844.
  37. ^ Topbaş, Osman Nuri. The Story of the Reed. Erkam Yayin San. A.ş. ISBN 9786053028581.
  38. ^ The Religion of God (Divine Love): Untold Mysteries and Secrets of God. BalboaPress. 17 May 2012. ISBN 9781452549071.
  39. ^ Shams ul Arifeen (The Enlightening Sun for the Knowers of Allah): English Translation with Persian Text. Sultan ul Faqr Publications. 2016. ISBN 9789699795336.
  40. ^ الشرقاوي, عبد الله (21 September 2010). الحكم العطائية. كشيدة للنشر والتوزيع والترجمة. ISBN 9789775002013.
  41. ^ الفتوحات الإلهية في شرح المباحث الأصلية كتاب في التصوف يشرح آداب الطريقة وأسرار الحقيقة. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. January 2010. ISBN 9782745168559.
  42. ^ Kayum, Sajid Abdul. "Deobandi's (Tableegh Jamaat) Beliefs - IslamKotob - Google Livres". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  43. ^ Shams ul Arifeen (The Enlightening Sun for the Knowers of Allah): English Translation with Persian Text. ISBN 9789699795336. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  44. ^ Bahoo, Sultan. Kashf-ul-Asrar (Revelation of the Divine Secrets): English Translation with Persian Text. ISBN 9789699795251. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  45. ^ صالح, ضاري مظهر (January 2012). الروح الصوفي: جمالية الشيخ في زمن التيه. الجزء الأول - ضاري مظهر صالح. ISBN 9796500080949. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  46. ^ The Divine Reality of Ism-e-Allah Zaat. ISBN 9789699795572. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  47. ^ Jāmī (1899). "The Behàristan-i-Jámi, or Abode of Spring". Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  48. ^ تفسير البدليسي 1-5 تفسير إشاري صوفي شارح لمقامات الدين الثلاث ج1. 8 January 2020. ISBN 9782745179296. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  49. ^ Bahoo, Hazrat Sultan. Sultan ul Waham (Sultan of Waham): English Translation with Persian Text. ISBN 9789699795381. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  50. ^ The Religion of God (Divine Love): Untold Mysteries and Secrets of God. 17 May 2012. ISBN 9781452549071.
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majzoob_(Sufism)&oldid=1253004078"