The Lorentz River (also Unir or Undir in Indonesian, or Noordrivier in Dutch) is located in the Indonesian province of South Papua in Western New Guinea, about 3,500 km northeast of the Indonesian capital Jakarta.[3] It originates in the central east-west mountain range of New Guinea and flows southwards into the Arafura Sea at Flamingo Bay. During the first two Dutch expeditions to Southern New Guinea (1907–10) it was called Northern River. In 1910 it was renamed after the Dutch explorer Hendrikus Albertus Lorentz. After it became part of Indonesia, it was renamed to Unir, as in the language of the local Asmat people, while the Lorentz name is still in use.
| The Lorentz River Undir, North River | |
|---|---|
 The Lorenz during the third South New Guinea expedition (1912-13) | |
  Location in South Papua  Location in Indonesia | |
| Location | |
| Country | Indonesia |
| Province | South Papua |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Southeast of the Puncak Trikora in the Jayawijaya Mountains |
| • location | Highland Papua, Indonesia |
| • coordinates | 4°15′S 138°40′E / 4.250°S 138.667°E |
| Length | 276.84 km (172.02 mi) |
| Basin size | 4,169 km2 (1,610 sq mi)[1] |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Arafura Sea (Eilanden Delta) |
| • average | 380 m3/s (13,000 cu ft/s)[2] |
History
editAt the beginning of the 20th century, the navigable part of the river played an important role in the exploration of Dutch New Guinea in western New Guinea. Three large Dutch expeditions led from the mouth upstream to the central snow-capped mountains, which were still unexplored. The expeditions aimed to cover the Wilhelmina summit (now called Puncak Trikora ) covered by "eternal snow". The first of the three South New Guinea expeditions failed before the mountain could be reached. The second expedition reached the snow-capped foot of Wilhelmina, but it was only during the third expedition that the mountain could be conquered on 21 February 1913.
Geography
editThe river flows in the southwest area of Papua with a predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).[4] The annual average temperature in the area is 21 °C. The warmest month is October when the average temperature is around 23 °C, and the coldest is July, at 20 °C.[5] The average annual rainfall is 4,238-5,547 mm. The wettest month is May, with an average of 594 mm rainfall, and the driest is July, with 384 mm rainfall.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ https://publicwiki.deltares.nl/display/JCP/Final+Reports.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ https://publicwiki.deltares.nl/display/JCP/Final+Reports.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Sungai Lorentz at Geonames.org (cc-by); Last updated 2013-06-04; Database dump downloaded 2015-11-27
- ^ Peel, M C; Finlayson, B L; McMahon, T A (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 11 (5): 1633–1644. Bibcode:2007HESS...11.1633P. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ "NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index". NASA. 30 January 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
- ^ "NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM)". NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission. 30 January 2016. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
External links
edit- Map and pictures of Lorentz River from The Papua Insects Foundation.