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List of semi-automatic train systems

This is a list of current semi-automatic train systems capable of GoA2 as according to the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP. For the systems capable of GoA3 and higher, see the list of driverless train systems. Canceled automated train systems are in the list of defunct automated train systems.

Control panel of a BART train, which has a black knob to allow the driver to switch between different modes of operation.
Much like BART, Washington Metro trains also have a rotary switch to allow the driver to switch between automatic and manual operation.
Control panel of a Tokyo Metro 10000 series train, which has a green lever to allow the driver to switch between different modes of operation. Two white ATO start buttons are also placed beside the master controller lever.
Many metro systems with automatic train operation, such as the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line, are equipped with platform screen doors

Africa

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Algeria  Algeria Algiers Metro Line 1 1 November 2011 Siemens CBTC

Americas

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Argentina  Argentina Buenos Aires Underground Line C 2016 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line H
Canada  Canada Montreal Metro Line 1 Green 1976 [a]
Line 2 Orange
Line 5 Blue 1986
O-Train Confederation Line 14 September 2019 SelTrac
Toronto subway Line 1 Yonge–University December 2017 Alstom Urbalis 400 [b]
Chile  Chile Santiago Metro Line 1 2012 Alstom Urbalis 400 CBTC implementation started on 2016[1]
Line 4 2005 Alstom Urbalis 200 [2]
Line 4A 2006
Mexico  Mexico Guadalajara light rail system Line 3 14 September 2020
Mexico City Metro Line 12 30 October 2012 Alstom Urbalis 400
Panama  Panama Panama Metro Line 1 6 April 2014 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 2 25 April 2019
Puerto Rico  Puerto Rico Tren Urbano 19 December 2004 [c]
United States  United States Bay Area Rapid Transit Orange Line 11 September 1972 Westinghouse / Alstom
Yellow Line 21 May 1973 Alstom / GRS / Westinghouse / Bombardier
Green Line 16 August 1974 Alstom / Westinghouse
Red Line 19 April 1976 Westinghouse / Bombardier
Blue Line 10 May 1997 GRS / Westinghouse
Honolulu Rail Transit 2023 Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro [3]
Los Angeles Metro Rail B Line 1993 US&S
C Line 1995 [d]
D Line 2006
MARTA rail Red Line 1996
Gold Line 1981
Blue Line 1979
Green Line 1992
Muni Metro Market Street subway / Twin Peaks Tunnel 1997 SelTrac [e]
New York City Subway BMT Canarsie Line (L train) 2012 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [4][5]
IRT Flushing Line (7 and <7>​ trains) 10 May 2019 Thales CBTC [6]
PATCO Speedline Between Philadelphia and New Jersey 4 January 1969
Walt Disney World Monorail System 22 June 2014
Washington Metro Red Line 27 March 1976 [f]
Blue Line 1 July 1977
Orange Line 20 November 1978
Yellow Line 30 April 1983
Green Line 11 May 1991
Silver Line 26 July 2014

Asia

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
China  China (Mainland) Beijing Subway Line 1 9 December 2015 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8] Previously used Westinghouse ATC in GoA1[9]
Line 2 9 June 2008
Line 4 28 September 2009 SelTrac
Line 5 7 October 2007 Westinghouse ATC Newer BTCT LCF-300 will be added and interoperable with existing system
Line 6 30 December 2012 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Line 7 28 December 2014 BTCT LCF-300
Line 8 19 July 2008 CRSC FL300
Line 9 31 December 2011 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 10 19 July 2008 Siemens Trainguard CBTC
Line 11 31 December 2021
Line 14 5 May 2013 BTCT LCF-300
Line 15 30 December 2010 Nippon Signal SPARCS
Line 16 31 December 2016 BTCT LCF-300
Batong Line 3 November 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888 Previously used Westinghouse ATC in GoA1[9]
Changping Line 30 December 2010 BTCT LCF-300
Daxing Line SelTrac
Fangshan Line CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Yizhuang Line BTCT LCF-300
S1 Line 30 December 2017
Changchun Rail Transit Line 1 30 June 2017 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 2 30 August 2018
Line 4 30 June 2011
Changsha Maglev Express 6 May 2016
Changsha Metro Line 1 28 June 2016
Line 2 29 April 2014
Line 3 28 June 2020
Line 4 26 May 2019
Line 5 28 June 2020
Line 6 28 June 2022
Changzhou Metro Line 1 21 September 2019 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 [10]
Line 2 28 June 2021
Chengdu Metro Line 1 27 September 2010 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 2 16 September 2012
Line 3 31 July 2016 BTCT LCF-300
Line 4 26 December 2015 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 5 27 December 2019 BTCT LCF-300
Line 6 18 December 2020
Line 7 6 December 2017 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 8 18 December 2020
Line 10 6 September 2017 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 17 18 December 2020
Line 18 27 September 2020 CASCO Urbalis 888
China Railway Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway 30 December 2019 CTCS-3+ATO [g]
Chongqing Rail Transit Loop Line 28 December 2018 BTCT LCF-300 Interoperable with other lines with Type As trainset despite different suppliers
Line 1 28 July 2011 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 3 29 September 2011 BTCT CBTC
Line 4 28 December 2018 UniTTEC BiTRACON CBTC Interoperable with other lines with Type As trainset despite different suppliers
Line 5 28 December 2017 CRSC FZL300
Line 6 28 September 2012 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 9 25 January 2022 CARS MTC-I Interoperable with other lines with Type As trainset despite different suppliers
Line 10 28 December 2017
Line 18 28 December 2023
Dalian Metro Line 1 30 October 2015 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 2 22 May 2015
Line 5 17 March 2023
Line 12 30 December 2013 CRSC
Line 13 28 December 2021
Dongguan Rail Transit Line 2 27 May 2016 SelTrac CBTC
Foshan Metro Line 1 3 November 2010 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 2 28 December 2021
Line 3 28 December 2022
Fuzhou Metro Line 1 18 May 2016 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 2 26 April 2019
Line 5 29 April 2022
Line 6 28 August 2022
Guangzhou Metro Line 1 28 June 1997 Siemens LZB 700M
Line 2 25 September 2010
Line 3 26 December 2005 SelTrac
Line 4 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 5 28 December 2009
Line 6 28 December 2013 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 7 28 December 2016 CARS MTC-I
Line 8 25 September 2010 Siemens LZB 700M
Line 9 28 December 2017 SelTrac
Line 13 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 14 SelTrac
Line 18 28 September 2021
Line 21 28 December 2018 SelTrac
Line 22 31 March 2022
Guiyang Metro Line 1 28 December 2017 BTCT LCF-300
Line 2 28 April 2021
Line 3 16 December 2023
Harbin Metro Line 1 26 September 2013 Kyosan
Line 2 19 September 2021
Line 3 26 January 2017
Hangzhou Metro Line 1 24 November 2012 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 2 24 November 2014
Line 3 21 February 2022
Line 4 2 February 2015 UniTTEC BiTRACON CBTC [11]
Line 5 24 June 2019
Line 6 30 December 2020
Line 7
Line 8 28 June 2021 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 9 10 July 2021
Line 10 21 February 2022
Line 16 23 April 2020 SelTrac CBTC
Line 19 22 September 2022
Hangzhou–Haining intercity railway 28 June 2021
Hefei Metro Line 1 26 December 2016 SelTrac CBTC
Line 2 26 December 2017
Line 3 26 December 2019 CRSC FZL-300
Line 4 26 December 2021
Line 5 26 December 2020
Hohhot Metro Line 1 29 December 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 2 1 October 2020
Jinan Metro Line 1 1 April 2019
Line 2 26 March 2021
Line 3 28 December 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888
Kunming Metro Line 1 20 May 2013 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Line 2 30 April 2014
Line 3 29 August 2017 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 4 23 September 2020
Line 5 29 June 2022
Line 6 29 August 2017 CASCO Urbalis 888
Lanzhou Metro Line 1 23 June 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 2 29 June 2023
Luoyang Subway Line 1 28 March 2021
Line 2 26 December 2021 CASCO Urbalis 888 [12]
Nanchang Metro Line 1 26 December 2015 SelTrac CBTC
Line 2 18 August 2017
Line 3 26 December 2020
Line 4 26 December 2021
Nanjing Metro Line 1 3 September 2005 Siemens LZB 700 M
Line 2 28 May 2010 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 3 1 April 2015
Line 4 18 January 2017
Line 10 1 July 2014 Siemens LZB 700M
Line S1 SelTrac CBTC
Line S3 6 December 2017
Line S6 28 December 2021
Line S7 26 May 2018 SelTrac CBTC
Line S8 1 August 2014 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line S9 30 December 2017 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Nanning Metro Line 1 28 June 2016 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 2 28 December 2017
Line 3 6 June 2019
Line 4 23 November 2020
Nantong Metro Line 1 10 November 2022
Line 2 27 December 2023 CASCO Urbalis 888 [13]
Ningbo Rail Transit Line 1 30 May 2014 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 2 26 September 2015
Line 3 30 June 2019
Line 4 23 December 2020
Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region intercity railway Guangzhu ICR 7 January 2011 CASCO INTXIS Within CTCS-2 framework, plus ATO function[14]
Guanhui ICR 30 March 2016
Guangfozhao ICR
Suishen ICR 15 December 2019
Zhuji ICR 18 August 2020
Qingdao Metro Line 1 24 December 2020
Line 2 10 December 2017
Line 3 16 December 2015
Line 4 26 December 2022
Line 8 24 December 2020
Line 11 23 April 2018 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 13 26 December 2018
Shanghai Maglev Train 2004 Transrapid
Shanghai Metro Line 1 1995 General Railway Signal Micro Cabmatic
Line 2 11 June 2000 Union Switch & Signal International MicroCab [h]
Line 3 26 December 2000 SACEM/Urbalis 200
Line 4 31 December 2005
Line 6 2011 Seltrac
Line 7 2010
Line 8 2011
Line 9
Line 11 2012
Line 12 29 December 2013 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 13 20 April 2010
Line 16 29 December 2013
Shaoxing Metro Line 1 28 June 2021
Shenyang Metro Line 1 27 September 2010 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 2 9 January 2012
Line 4 29 September 2023
Line 9 25 May 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 10 29 April 2020
Shenzhen Metro Line 1 28 December 2004 Siemens LZB 700M
Line 2 28 December 2010 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Line 3 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line 4 28 December 2004 Siemens LZB 700M
Line 5 22 June 2011 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 6 18 August 2020
Line 7 28 October 2016 BTCT LCF-300
Line 8 28 October 2020 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 9 28 October 2016 SelTrac CBTC
Line 10 18 August 2020 BTCT LCF-300
Line 11 28 June 2016 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Shijiazhuang Metro Line 1 26 June 2017
Line 2 26 August 2020
Line 3 26 June 2017
Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1 28 April 2012
Line 2 28 December 2013
Line 3 25 December 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 4 15 April 2017
Tianjin Metro Line 1 12 June 2006
Line 2 1 July 2012 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line 3 1 October 2012
Line 4 28 December 2021
Line 5 22 October 2018
Line 6 6 August 2016
Line 9 28 March 2006
Ürümqi Metro Line 1 25 October 2018
Wenzhou Metro Line S1 23 January 2019
Line S2 26 August 2023
Wuhan Metro Line 1 28 July 2004 SelTrac
Line 2 28 December 2012 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Line 3 28 December 2015
Line 4 28 December 2013 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 6 28 December 2016 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Line 7 1 October 2018
Line 8 26 December 2017 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 11 1 October 2018
Line 16 26 December 2021
Wuxi Metro Line 1 1 July 2014 Alstom Urbalis 400
Line 2 28 December 2014
Line 3 28 October 2020
Line 4 17 December 2021
Xi'an Metro Line 1 15 September 2013 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line 2 16 September 2011 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 3 8 November 2016
Line 4 26 December 2018 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 5 28 December 2020
Line 6
Line 9
Line 14 29 September 2019
Xiamen Metro Line 1 31 December 2017 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 2 25 December 2019
Line 3 25 June 2021
Xuzhou Metro Line 1 28 September 2019
Line 2 28 November 2020
Line 3 28 June 2021
Zhengzhou Metro Line 1 28 December 2013
Line 2 19 August 2016 CASCO/Alstom Urbalis 888[8]
Line 3 26 December 2020
Line 4
Line 5 20 May 2019 CASCO Urbalis 888
Line 6 30 September 2022
Line 14 19 September 2019 CASCO TRANAVI
Chengjiao Line 12 January 2017 CASCO Urbalis 888
Hong Kong  Hong Kong MTR Kwun Tong line 1 October 1979 SACEM [i]
Tsuen Wan line 17 May 1982
Island line 31 May 1985
Tung Chung line 21 June 1998
Airport Express 6 July 1998
Tseung Kwan O line 18 August 2002
East Rail line 6 February 2021 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC Replaced the Alstom TBL system which used ATO since 2002
West Rail line 20 December 2003 SelTrac
Ma On Shan line 21 December 2004
India  India Ahmedabad Metro East-West Corridor 4 March 2019 Nippon Signal SPARCS
North-South Line 6 October 2022
Chennai Metro Blue Line 21 September 2016
Green Line 25 September 2015
Delhi Metro Red Line 25 December 2002 Alstom Urbalis 200 [j]
Yellow Line 20 December 2004
Blue Line 31 December 2005 Siemens [k]
Green Line 3 April 2010 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Violet Line 3 October 2010
Airport Express 23 February 2011
Hyderabad Metro Red Line 28 November 2017 SelTrac [l]
Blue Line
Green Line 7 February 2020
Kanpur Metro Orange Line 28 December 2021 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Kochi Metro Line 1 17 June 2017 Alstom Urbalis 400
Kolkata Metro Line 1
Line 2 13 February 2020 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Line 3 30 December 2022
Lucknow Metro Red Line 5 September 2017 Alstom Urbalis 400
Mumbai Metro Line 1 8 June 2014 Siemens LZB 700M
Nagpur Metro Orange Line 7 March 2019
Aqua Line 28 January 2020
Namma Metro Purple Line 20 October 2011 Alstom Urbalis 200
Green Line 1 March 2014
Noida Metro Aqua Line 25 January 2019 Ansaldo STS CBTC
Pune Metro Purple Line 6 March 2022
Aqua Line
Rapid Metro Gurgaon 14 November 2013
Indonesia  Indonesia Jakarta LRT LRT Line A 1 December 2019
Jakarta MRT MRT Line 1 24 March 2019 Nippon Signal SPARCS [16][17]
Japan  Japan Fukuoka City Subway Kūkō Line
Hakozaki Line
Nanakuma Line 3 February 2005
Kobe Municipal Subway Seishin-Yamate Line
Kaigan Line 7 June 2001
Hokushin Line 2 April 1988 [m]
Kitakyushu Monorail Kokura Line 9 January 1985 [18]
Kyoto Municipal Subway Tōzai Line 12 October 1997
Nagoya Municipal Subway Higashiyama Line 2015
Sakura-dōri Line 16 February 1994
Okinawa Urban Monorail 10 August 2003
Osaka Metro Tanimachi Line [n]
Sennichimae Line 2015 [o]
Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line 31 March 1990
Saitama Railway Saitama Rapid Railway Line 28 March 2001 [p]
Sapporo Municipal Subway Namboku Line 2012
Tōzai Line 2008 [q]
Tōhō Line 2016
Sendai Subway Nanboku Line 15 July 1987 [r]
Tōzai Line 6 December 2015
Tama Monorail Tama Toshi Monorail Line 27 November 1998
Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line [s]
Namboku Line
Fukutoshin Line
Yūrakuchō Line
Chiyoda Line (Kita-Ayase branch)
Hibiya Line [t]
Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation Toei Ōedo Line 10 December 1991
Toei Mita Line
Tsukuba Express 24 August 2005
Yokohama Municipal Subway Blue Line 20 January 2007
Green Line 30 March 2008
bullet train E7 November 2021 [u]
Malaysia  Malaysia Express Rail Link KLIA Ekspres 14 April 2002 Bombardier CITYFLO 550
KLIA Transit
Rapid KL KL Monorail 31 August 2003
Philippines  Philippines Manila Light Rail Transit System Line 2 5 April 2003
Saudi Arabia  Saudi Arabia Mecca Metro Al Mashaaer Al Mugaddassah Metro line 13 November 2010 SelTrac
South Korea  South Korea Busan Metro Line 1 19 July 1985
Line 2 30 June 1999
Line 3 28 November 2005
Daegu Metro Line 1 26 November 1997
Line 2 18 October 2005
Daejeon Metro Line 1 16 March 2006
Gwangju Metro Line 1 28 April 2004
Incheon Subway Line 1 6 October 1999
Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 2 2010 Siemens LZB 700M [v]
Line 5 15 November 1995 [w]
Line 6 7 August 2000
Line 7 11 October 1996
Line 8 23 November 1999
Line 9 24 July 2009
AREX 23 March 2007
Bundang Line 2006 SelTrac [x]
Seohae Line 16 June 2018 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Taiwan  Taiwan Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Red line 9 March 2008
Orange line 14 September 2008
Taipei Metro Tamsui–Xinyi line 28 March 1997
Songshan–Xindian line 24 December 1998
Zhonghe–Xinlu line
Bannan line 24 December 1999
Taoyuan Metro Taoyuan Airport MRT 2 March 2017 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Thailand  Thailand BTS Skytrain Sukhumvit Line 5 December 1999 Bombardier CITYFLO 450
Silom Line
MRT (Bangkok) Blue Line 3 July 2004 Siemens LZB 700M
Purple Line 6 August 2016 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
State Railway of Thailand Suvarnabhumi Airport Rail Link 23 August 2010 Siemens LZB 700M
Turkey  Turkey Ankara Metro Batıkent Metrosu (M1) 29 December 1997 Ansaldo STS CBTC[20] Previously used Seltrac CBTC [y]
Koru Metrosu (M2) 2014
Törekent Metrosu (M3)
Keçiören Metrosu (M4) 5 January 2017
Istanbul Metro Line M4 17 August 2012 Seltrac CBTC
Marmaray 29 October 2013 Invensys Sirius CBTC
Vietnam  Vietnam Hanoi Metro Line 2A 6 November 2021

Europe

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Austria  Austria Vienna U-Bahn Line U1 [z]
Line U2
Line U3
Line U4
Belarus  Belarus Minsk Metro Zelenaluzhskaya line 6 November 2020
Czech Republic  Czech Republic Prague Metro Line A AŽD Praha LZA
Line B [aa]
Line C Siemens PA 135
Czech railways 1991 [ab]
France  France Lyon Metro Line A
Paris Metro Line 2
Line 3 2010 OCTYS System [fr]
Line 5 2013 OCTYS System
Line 6
Line 7
Line 8
Line 9 OCTYS System
Line 11
Line 12
Line 13 2013 SelTrac Planned conversion to GoA4
Paris RER RER A September 1989 SACEM
Germany  Germany Düsseldorf Stadtbahn [ac]
Munich U-Bahn [ad]
ICE Linienzugbeeinflussung [ae]
Hungary  Hungary Budapest Metro Line 3 Matra PA 135 [a]
Line 4 Siemens CBTC [a]
Italy  Italy Milan Metro Line 1 2010 Alstom Urbalis
Line 3 Siemens LZB 700M [22]
Naples Metro Line 1 Ansaldo STS ATIS [23]
Netherlands  Netherlands Amsterdam Metro Route 50 Alstom Urbalis 400
Route 51
Route 52 30 July 2018 [24]
Route 53
Route 54
Romania  Romania Bucharest Metro Line M1 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Line M2
Line M3
Line M4 Siemens TBS100FB
Line M5 15 September 2020 Alstom Urbalis 400
Russia  Russia Kazan Metro Central Line 27 August 2005 Dvizhenie
Saint Petersburg Metro Line 2 Dvizhenie
Line 4 PUAV
Line 5 PA-M
Spain  Spain Barcelona Metro Line 1 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Line 2
Line 3 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Line 5
Bilbao metro Line 1 11 November 1995 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Line 2 13 April 2002
Line 3 8 April 2017
Madrid Metro Line 1 July 2009 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line 2 2011
Line 3
Line 4
Line 5
Line 6 July 2008 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Line 7 2011 Invensys CBTC
Line 8
Line 9
Line 10
Line 11
Line 12
Ramal
Málaga Metro Line 1 30 July 2014 Alstom Urbalis 400 [25]
Line 2
Metrovalencia Line 1 [af]
Line 2 [ag]
Seville Metro Line 1 2 April 2009 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Sweden  Sweden Stockholm Metro Line 17
Line 18
Line 19
Turkey  Turkey Istanbul Metro Line M2 16 September 2000 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line M3 14 June 2013 Bombardier CITYFLO 350
Line M6 19 April 2015 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Line M9 29 May 2021
Marmaray 29 October 2013 Invensys Sirius CBTC
United Kingdom  United Kingdom Glasgow Subway 16 April 1980
London Underground Victoria line 1967
Central line 1990s (mid-decade) [a][ah]
Circle line 2022
Jubilee line 2011 [a][ai]
Northern line 2012 [a][aj]
Thameslink 2018 [ak]
Elizabeth line Crossrail 24 May 2022 Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC [al]

Oceania

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Australia  Australia Metro Trains Melbourne Sunbury–Dandenong Line 30 July 2023 Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Queensland Rail Citytrain Cross River Rail 2026 ECTC

Future systems

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Americas

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Argentina  Argentina Buenos Aires Underground Line A
Line B
Line D
Line F 2022–2024
Canada  Canada Toronto subway Line 2 Bloor-Danforth 2030 Alstom Urbalis 400 [am]
Line 5 Eglinton 2024 Bombardier CITYFLO 650 [an]
United States  United States New York City Subway IND Culver Line (F, <F>, and ​G trains) 2022 SelTrac
IND Queens Boulevard Line (E, ​F, <F>, ​M, and ​R trains) Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
IND Eighth Avenue Line (A, ​C, and ​E trains) 2024

Asia

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
China  China Dongguan Rail Transit Line 1 2025
Guiyang Metro Line T2 2024
Line S1 2024
Qingdao Metro Line 7 2025
Shenyang Metro Line 3 2024
Line 6 2026
Taiyuan Metro Line 1 2024
Ürümqi Metro Line 2 2024
Wuxi Metro Line S1 2024
Xi'an Metro Line 8 2024
Line 10
Xiamen Metro Line 4 2025
Line 6 2024
India  India Kolkata Metro Line 4 2024
Line 5
Line 6 2024
Lucknow Metro Blue Line
Turkey  Turkey Istanbul Metro Line M10 2025
Vietnam  Vietnam Hanoi Metro Line 3 30 April 2024
Ho Chi Minh City Metro Line 1 2024

Europe

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
United Kingdom  United Kingdom London Underground All Subsurface Lines:

Circle, District, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan.

Thales SelTrac [ao]
Deep level tube:

Bakerloo, Piccadilly and Waterloo & City.

Oceania

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Country/region Name of system Line Date System Notes
Australia  Australia Queensland Rail City network Cross River Rail 2025

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Converted from manual to automated operation
  2. ^ Effective September 24, 2022, the entirety of Line 1 had been fully converted to automatic train control (ATC).
  3. ^ Entire system is fully automated, but can be over-ridden. Substations providing the power are remotely controlled from an operational control centre.
  4. ^ By the time the K Line opens, manual mode will be required from Aviation/Century to Expo/Crenshaw due to grade crossings and street running. The K Line will overlap most of the C Line east of Aviation/LAX.
  5. ^ Switch to automatic control while operating in the Market Street subway and in the Twin Peaks Tunnel. The operator manages the doors in-station and pilots the vehicle when running aboveground.
  6. ^ Has an automated mode, where the driver is responsible for opening and closing of doors and of overriding the system. However, the system has been operating in manual mode since the June 2009 Washington Metro train collision, and plans are to operate in manual mode until newer railcars are delivered.[7]
  7. ^ Only CR400BF-C trainsets support ATO.
  8. ^ Newer trains (since 2019) use an on-board system jointly developed by CASCO and Hitachi Rail STS. Interoperable with both CBTC and the existing track circuit based signal system.[15]
  9. ^ Same system as Paris RER line A
  10. ^ Uses signalling systems supplied by Alstom.
  11. ^ Uses LZB 700 signalling systems supplied by Siemens.
  12. ^ Line partially opened
  13. ^ A continuation of the Kobe Municipal Subway Seishin-Yamate Line.
  14. ^ ATO trialled from October 1967 until February 1968; trains now operated in manual mode.
  15. ^ ATO previously trialled from October 1973 until July 1974.
  16. ^ A continuation of the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line.
  17. ^ Previously used ATO from 1976 until 1990.
  18. ^ World's first railway system to use fuzzy logic to control the speed of trains.
  19. ^ Main line converted to ATO in 2010, but Hōnanchō branch continues to use ATC/TASC
  20. ^ ATO trialled during the 1960s. Trains now operated in manual mode.
  21. ^ In November 2021, JR East demonstrated autonomously operated bullet train E7 in Niigata prefecture; 5 km between Niigata Station and Niigata Shinkansen Stock Yard. They started testing on 29 October.[19]
  22. ^ Older trains still drive in manual mode
  23. ^ Driver on standby and will drive the train when ATO malfunctions or is not available.
  24. ^ Utilizes the SelTrac system with driver on board in case of emergencies.
  25. ^ Uses a modified version of Toronto subway's H6 subway model made by Bombardier Transportation and configured for driverless operation.
  26. ^ Uses the same system as Munich with fully driverless turning at some terminuses.
  27. ^ Line B is partly automated.
  28. ^ Czech railways have used GoA2 operation since 1991. Currently, about 400 vehicles are equipped with on-board units.[timeframe?] 1500 km of lines (of total 9000 km network) are equipped with lineside part of ATO, next 1500 km are covered by data for GPS localisation.
  29. ^ Driver operates the doors and handles emergency situations, accelerating and braking is fully automated, but just between the 22 underground stations. Outside the underground stations the driver operates the train manual.
  30. ^ Driver operates the doors and handles emergency situations, accelerating and braking is fully automated; a fully driverless turning at terminus stations is planned.
  31. ^ German ICE high-speed lines equipped with the Linienzugbeeinflussung (LZB) signalling system support a form of GoA2 ATO operation called AFB (Automatische Fahr- und Bremssteuerung, lit. automatic driving and braking control) which enables the driver to let the on-board train computer drive the train on autopilot, automatically driving at the maximum speed currently allowed by LZB signalling. In this mode, the driver only monitors the train and watches for unexpected obstacles on the tracks. On lines equipped with only PZB/Indusi, AFB acts entirely as a speed cruise control, driving according to the speed set by the driver with manual braking if needed.[21]
  32. ^ Between Empalme and Torrent stations
  33. ^ Between Les Carolines-Fira and Torrent stations
  34. ^ A member of staff opens & closes the train doors monitors the train and fixes faults on board. Drivers drive the trains on Sundays and Bank holidays. All shunt moves are made by the drivers and whenever the train stops for fail safe reasons such as excess wheel spin or sliding the driver takes over; at other times trains are computer driven.
  35. ^ A member of staff opens & closes the train doors, drives the train on Sundays, fixes faults.[26]
  36. ^ A driver operates the doors and presses buttons to start the train, the train is driven manually on Sundays, and can be driven in manual outside of peak hours.
  37. ^ Between St Pancras and Blackfriars stations
  38. ^ Between Paddington and Whitechapel stations
  39. ^ Expected to have ATC/ATO implemented on the Yonge–University–Spadina Line by 2019 and the Bloor–Danforth Line, funding permitting, by 2030.[27][28]
  40. ^ Between Mount Dennis and Laird stations
  41. ^ Phased migration as part of 4 Lines Modernisation (4LM).

References

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  1. ^ S.A.P, El Mercurio (2016-07-09). "Metro de Santiago instala nuevo pilotaje automático que promete acortar tiempos de espera en Línea 1". Emol (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-10-27.
  2. ^ "Alstom in Chile" (PDF). 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  3. ^ Betis, Alexander; Torre, Marino; Ghiorzo, Alessandro; Del Gaudio, Giovanni (2017-04-06). "La Linea M4 di Milano: Approfondiamo Gli Aspetti Tecnici – L'evoluzione del sistema di automazione dalla M5 alla M4, evoluzione e non rivoluzione" (PDF). CIFI (in Italian). Collegio Ingegneri Ferroviari Italiani. p. 18. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
  4. ^ NY1 News (2009-02-21). "L Subway service to be run by computers". Archived from the original on 2009-09-09. Retrieved 2011-12-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ "MTA L Train Response to Squadron" (PDF) (Press release). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2011-09-06. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-02. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  6. ^ Murray, Christian (10 May 2019). "MTA Completes 7-Train Upgrade, Touts Improved Service". Sunnyside Post. Queens Post. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  7. ^ Weir, Kytja (June 2, 2011). "Metro: Trains to stay in manual mode for several years". The Washington Examiner. Archived from the original on 2011-10-21. Retrieved July 13, 2011.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Urbalis 888国产化列车运行控制系统解决方案". 2019-03-08. Archived from the original on 2019-03-08. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
  9. ^ a b Zhang, Zhili; Wang, Chunqiang; Zhang, Wenqiang (2015). "Status Analysis and Development Suggestions on Signaling System of Beijing Rail Transit". Urban Rail Transit. 1: 1–12. doi:10.1007/s40864-015-0004-y. S2CID 109119098.
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  14. ^ "Pearl River Delta Intercity Railway". CASCO Signal Ltd. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
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  20. ^ "Ansaldo STS, leader of the consortium, opens line M3 of the CBTC Ankara Metro". Ansaldo STS Corporate website. Archived from the original on 2018-10-22. Retrieved 2018-10-21.
  21. ^ Der ICE – ein Produkt des Systemverbundes Bahn. In: Deutsche Bahn AG: (http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/publikationen__broschueren/bahntech/bahntech200601.pdf) bahntech, Nr. 1/06], S. 24 f.
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  26. ^ Transport for London Tube Upgrade Plan Archived 2013-02-15 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ Spurr, Ben (November 6, 2017). "TTC test of new signalling system 'exceeded expectations'". Toronto Star. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  28. ^ "TTC will not complete subway signal-system upgrade by 2019 deadline". Retrieved 2018-12-23.
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