The Kucong (simplified Chinese: 苦聪人; traditional Chinese: 苦聰人; pinyin: Kǔcōngrén) are an ethnic group in China. They are considered[by whom?] one of the poorest minorities in the country. There are around 80,000 Kucong people, living primarily in the Mojiang, Xinping, and Mengla counties of China's Yunnan Province. Some live in Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, and the United States, where at least 600 are living as migrants.[1]
In China
editStatus
editThe Kucong are not recognized by the Chinese government as an official minority nationality, but have been considered.[2] The group has previously applied for a separate minority status but it was rejected in 1985. It is currently under the category of unclassified minorities in China, although they may have been officially included as part of the Lahu since 1987.[3][4]
Living conditions
editThe people are considered as invisible people since they have little contact with other ethnic groups and they also seldom let traders see them when they sell their wares to buy some necessities. Their houses are small and narrow and a house consists of a single room without divisions and without windows. The fire is in the center, where the family members sleep with their livestock. Today, they still keep a semi-nomadic existence, living mainly from hunting and gathering; and government subsidies. Kucong children also have difficulty going to school because the medium of instruction in schools near the places they live in is Mandarin.[5]
Wang Zhengyun
edit1989 Tiananmen Square protests leader Wang Zhengyun was an ethnic Kucong and at the time a student of the Central University for Nationalities. He also had the distinction of being only member of the Kucong ethnicity minority group to be studying at a university.[6] Zhengyun was arrested in July 1989 and released two years later to return to his village in the Yunnan countryside.
In Laos
editThe Kucong found in Laos and are considered to be one the nation's more primitive groups.[citation needed] More than 3,000 Kucong inhabit at least 16 villages of northern part of the country. A subgroup of the Kucong in Laos are called Lahu Aga ('Bent Gourd Lahu') by other people because traditionally they wore a curved gourd around their necks. These are the reasons why the Kucong are often identified by some sources[7] as part of Lahu group. There are sources, however, that cite distinctions between the two minorities. These point to key differences such as in the case of their languages. Although closely related, Kucong and Lahu are far from mutually intelligible.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Hattaway, Paul (2004). Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary. Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library. p. 144. ISBN 1903689902.
- ^ Gladney, Dru (2004), Dislocating China : Reflections on Muslims, Minorities, and Other Subaltern Subjects, University of Chicago Press, p. 9, ISBN 0-226-29775-6
- ^ a b Wurm, Stephen; Muhlhausler, Peter; Tryon, Darrell (1996). Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 754. ISBN 3110134179.
- ^ "Kucong Ethnic People". Yunnan Adventure Travel.
- ^ "Chinese Kucong Ethnic Minotirty, Kucong Ethnic People, Kucong Ethnic Group, Yunnan Adventure Travel".
- ^ Cheng, Eddie (June 13, 2012). "Document of 1989: 21 Most Wanted Student Leaders". Standoff at Tiananmen. Archived from the original on 2018-04-13.
- ^ Olson, James (1998). An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 190. ISBN 0313288534.
External links
edit- Kucong ethnic-china.com
- Kucong millionelephants.com
- Kucong Ethnic People yunnanadventure.com
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