Kidal Region (Bambara: ߞߌߘߊߟ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Kidal Dineja) the eighth administrative region of Mali, covering 151,450 square kilometres or 58,480 square miles. This area was formerly part of Gao Region, but was created as a separate region in 1991. It is located in the north of the country, within the territory which the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad proclaimed to be the independent nation-state of Azawad on 6 April 2012. This independence has not been recognized by any country or international organization. It was under the control of different armed movements such as the Ansar Dine and MNLA until January 2013, when French forces liberated the region.[3] The Region's administrative capital is the town of Kidal.
Kidal Region | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Interactive map of Kidal Region in Mali | |
| Coordinates: 19°58′24″N 0°44′49″E / 19.97333°N 0.74694°E | |
| Country | Mali |
| Capital | Kidal |
| Government | |
| • Governor | El Hadj Ag Gamou |
| Area | |
• Total | 151,450 km2 (58,480 sq mi) |
| Population (2009 census)[1] | |
• Total | 67,638 |
| • Density | 0.45/km2 (1.2/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC±0 (UTC) |
| ISO 3166 code | ML-8 |
| HDI (2017) | 0.386[2] low · 5th |
Geography
editThe region is bordered on the west by Taoudénit Region, to the south by Gao Region and Ménaka Region, to the east by Niger and to the north by Algeria.
Kidal has a desert climate with day-time temperatures that reach as high as 45 °C (113 °F).
In 2009 the region had a population of 67,638.[1] In addition 30% of its population, mostly Tuareg and Songhai were displaced to North Africa during the 1990s.
The largest towns of the region are Kidal, Tessalit, and Aguel'hoc.
Transportation and economy
editThe primary trades of Kidal Region include livestock breeding, craft-making, and commerce. Commercial farming has been developed in some areas. The region is extremely isolated, with no paved highways or rivers for transportation.
History
editThe region saw Tuareg Rebellions in 1963–1964 and in 1990–1991. The accords of Tamanresset followed on January 6, 1991, creating the Kidal Region by decree on August 8, 1991.
By the end of 2011, another group of Tuareg rebels, the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad, were active in the region.[4] The Movement declared Azawad to be an independent republic in April 2012, with the Kidal region as part of the new (but unrecognised) state.
Culture
editThe region is peopled primarily by Tuaregs, a nomadic ethnicity of Berber origin. Their writing is the Tifinagh alphabet.
Though nomadism remains the lifestyle best adapted to the difficult environment of the region, several settlements have emerged at Kidal: Aguel'hoc, Tessalit, and Tinzawatène.
Administrative subdivisions
editAs of 2023, the Kidal Region is divided into five cercles encompassing 11 communes:[5] A fifth cercle, Achibogo, was added sometime after 2016. No map is available depicting the new cercle divisions.
| Cercle name | Area (km2) | Population Census 1998 |
Population Census 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kidal | 21,353 | 16,495 | 33,087 |
| Tessalit | 39,000 | 12,362 | 16,289 |
| Abeïbara | 23,750 | 7,363 | 10,286 |
| Tin-Essako | 2,554 | 7,976 |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Resultats Provisoires RGPH 2009 (Région de Kidal)" (PDF). République de Mali: Institut National de la Statistique. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-27. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
- ^ "Mali conflict: 'Many die' in Ifoghas mountain battle". BBC News. February 23, 2013.
- ^ BBC Staff (March 30, 2012). "Mali coup: Rebels seize desert capital Kidal". BBC News. Retrieved March 30, 2012.
- ^ Communes de la Région de Kidal (PDF) (in French), Ministère de l'administration territoriale et des collectivités locales, République du Mali, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-09.
External links
edit- Kidal info (French)
- Synthèse des Communaux Sécurité Alimentaire de la Région de Kidal 2007-2011 (PDF) (in French), Commissariat à la Sécurité Alimentaire, République du Mali, USAID-Mali, 2007, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-29.