Jacques Carrey (12 January 1649 – 18 February 1726) was a French painter and draughtsman, now remembered almost exclusively for the series of drawings he made of the Parthenon, Athens, in 1674.[1]
Born in Troyes, Carrey was a pupil in the atelier of Charles Le Brun. Carrey was recommended by his master to be included in the entourage of the embassy of de Nointel to Constantinople in August 1670 as a draughtsman. Part of de Nointel's commission was to purchase manuscripts, medallions and sculptures while abroad. As a result of this, between 1670 and 1679 Carrey executed over 500 drawings of towns, antiquities, ceremonies and examples of local fetes and customs in Asia Minor, Greece and Palestine.[2]
De Nointel's group visited Athens in November 1674. Here, in a two-week period, Carrey produced about fifty-five drawings of the sculptures on the Parthenon.[3] Thirty-five of these, showing details of the pediments, metopes and frieze, now survive in the Paris Bibliotheque Nationale.[4] Since 20% of the Parthenon's sculpture was destroyed in the Venetian bombardment of 1687, Carrey's work is the sole record of much of this missing section. His red and black chalk drawings, probably taken from life, meticulously record the cracks and other damage, making no attempt to complete missing details.
On returning to Paris in 1679 Carrey presented Le Brun with the drawings he had made in Constantinople; several are in the Cabinet des Dessins at the Louvre, Paris. Three paintings known to have been made by Carrey in 1675 are presently unknown, but the painting depicting de Nointel before the City of Athens in the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Chartres is almost certainly his. He is also known to have painted a cycle of six paintings of the life of Saint Pantaleon for Église Saint-Pantaléon, Troyes.[5] He died in his home city, aged 77.
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Metope South 14, known only from this drawing.
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The embassy of the Marquis de Nointel in Athens in 1674, Jacques Carrey, Museum of Fine Arts of Chartres.
References
edit- ^ His authorship is disputed, however. See Jean-Pierre De Rycke, Arnould de Vuez, auteur des dessins du Parthénon attribués à Carrey, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, 131, 2007, pp.721-753.
- ^ M. Frédéric Hitzel, Les ambassades occidentales à Constantinople et la diffusion d’une certaine image de l’Orient, Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 154, 2010, pp.277-292
- ^ Irini Apostolou, Jacques Carrey (1649-1726) et ses dessins orientaux : un artiste troyen au service de l’ambassadeur de France à la Sublime Porte, Bulletin de la Société de l'histoire de l'art français, 2001, p.63-87.
- ^ Temple de Minerve, à Athènes. Dessiné par ordre de Mr. Nointel Ambassadeur à la Porte. Avant que ce Temple ne fut renversé par une Bombe des Vénitiens, 1674, ark:/12148/cb40348763k
- ^ Tableau: Scène de la vie de saint Pantaléon, Ministère de la culture
Bibliography
edit- Corrard de Breban, Recherches Jacques Carrey, pentre troyen, Mémoires de la Société Académique de l'Aube, 1864. p. 77-91
- H. Omont, Athenes au XVIIe siecle. Dessins des sculptures du Parthenon attribues a Jacques Carrey et conservès à la Bibltothèque Nationale, accompagnès de vues et plans d Athènes et de l'Acropole., Paris, 1898
- R. Heberdey: Untersuchungen zu den Zeichnungen Jacques Carrey's, Jhft. Österreich. Archäol. Inst. Wien, xxxi (1939), pp. 96–141
- T. Bowie and D. Thimme, The Carrey Drawings of the Parthenon Sculptures, Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 1971.