Ichihara (市原市, Ichihara-shi) is a city, located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020[update], the city had an estimated population of 274,117 in 128,316 households and a population density of 240 persons per km2.[1] The total area of the city is 368.20 square kilometres (142.16 sq mi). The city is home, together with the city of Chiba, to the JEF United football club. The whole city is also parts of Greater Tokyo Area.
Ichihara
市原市 | |||||||||
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 Flag  Seal | |||||||||
 Location of Ichihara in Chiba Prefecture | |||||||||
  Ichihara | |||||||||
| Coordinates: 35°29′53″N 140°06′55.6″E / 35.49806°N 140.115444°E | |||||||||
| Country | Japan | ||||||||
| Region | Kantō | ||||||||
| Prefecture | Chiba | ||||||||
| First official recorded | mid 3rd century (official) | ||||||||
| Goi town settled | May 20, 1891[citation needed] | ||||||||
| Ichihara town settled | March 31, 1955 | ||||||||
| Both town merged and city settled | May 1, 1963 | ||||||||
| Government | |||||||||
| • Mayor | Joji Koide (since June 2015) | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
• Total | 368.17 km2 (142.15 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population (December 1, 2020) | |||||||||
• Total | 274,117 | ||||||||
| • Density | 740/km2 (1,900/sq mi) | ||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) | ||||||||
| Phone number | 0436-22-1111 | ||||||||
| Address | 1-1-1 Kokubunjidai Chūō, Ichihara-shi, Chiba-ken 290-8501 | ||||||||
| Climate | Cfa | ||||||||
| Website | Official website | ||||||||
| Symbols | |||||||||
| Bird | Japanese bush-warbler | ||||||||
| Flower | Cosmos | ||||||||
| Tree | Ginkgo biloba | ||||||||
Geography
editIchihara is located in the western part of the Bōsō Peninsula, and geographically is the largest of Chiba Prefecture's cities and towns. The south is a mountainous area connected to the Boso hills. The highly industrialized northern part of the city faces Tokyo Bay. Ichihara, dense in housing developments, serves as a satellite town of Tokyo and Chiba City.
Surrounding municipalities
editChiba Prefecture
Climate
editIchihara has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Ichihara is 15.1 °C (59.2 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,673.1 mm (65.87 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.5 °C (79.7 °F), and lowest in January, at around 4.1 °C (39.4 °F).[2]
| Climate data for Ichihara (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.1 (70.0) |
24.6 (76.3) |
27.5 (81.5) |
30.0 (86.0) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.5 (97.7) |
40.2 (104.4) |
39.2 (102.6) |
37.5 (99.5) |
33.8 (92.8) |
26.4 (79.5) |
24.3 (75.7) |
40.2 (104.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
14.4 (57.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
23.7 (74.7) |
26.1 (79.0) |
30.3 (86.5) |
31.8 (89.2) |
27.7 (81.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
17.6 (63.7) |
12.9 (55.2) |
20.7 (69.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.1 (39.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
8.6 (47.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.2 (64.8) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
22.9 (73.2) |
17.3 (63.1) |
11.8 (53.2) |
6.6 (43.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.5 (29.3) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
2.9 (37.2) |
8.0 (46.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
22.5 (72.5) |
19.0 (66.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
1.1 (34.0) |
10.2 (50.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.0 (17.6) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
3.3 (37.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
11.7 (53.1) |
14.3 (57.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 82.4 (3.24) |
74.0 (2.91) |
138.0 (5.43) |
132.5 (5.22) |
130.4 (5.13) |
170.6 (6.72) |
151.8 (5.98) |
114.8 (4.52) |
237.1 (9.33) |
256.8 (10.11) |
113.9 (4.48) |
70.9 (2.79) |
1,673.1 (65.87) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.3 | 6.9 | 11.2 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 10.0 | 7.3 | 11.8 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 6.5 | 113.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 182.0 | 158.4 | 160.8 | 172.1 | 170.1 | 117.3 | 159.2 | 192.0 | 135.7 | 126.4 | 142.2 | 162.9 | 1,879.2 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3][2] | |||||||||||||
History
editThe area of modern Ichihara is the center of ancient Kazusa province. The ruins of the Nara period Kazusa Kokubun-ji provincial temple have been found within the borders of Ichihara, although the exact location of the Nara-period provincial capital remains uncertain. During the Sengoku period, the area was contested between the Chiba clan to the north, and the Satomi clan to the south. During the Edo period, the area was divided between Goi Domain, Tsurumaki Domain and large areas of tenryō territory controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate and administered by various hatamoto.
Timeline
edit- During the Meiji period, the area was reorganized into 171 villages under Ichihara District, Chiba Prefecture with the establishment of the modern municipalities system.
- In September 1923, the city was affected by Great Kanto earthquake.
- By 1945, these villages had been consolidated into five towns and 16 villages.
- Through further consolidation and mergers, the city of Ichihara was founded on May 1, 1963.
- On 1 October 1967, the neighboring town of Nansō, and village of Kamo were merged into Ichihara.
- On 11 March 2011, the city was struck by earthquake and tsunami and the subsequent Fukushima nuclear disaster, which causes of the natural gas storage tanks at the Cosmo oil refinery in Ichihara were set on fire by the earthquake.[4][5]
Government
editIchihara has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 32 members. Ichihara contributes four members to the Chiba Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Chiba 3rd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Demographics
editPer Japanese census data,[6] the population of Ichihara has recently plateaued after several decades of strong growth.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 68,825 | — |
| 1930 | 71,287 | +3.6% |
| 1940 | 75,069 | +5.3% |
| 1950 | 98,375 | +31.0% |
| 1960 | 94,309 | −4.1% |
| 1970 | 155,852 | +65.3% |
| 1980 | 216,394 | +38.8% |
| 1990 | 257,716 | +19.1% |
| 2000 | 278,218 | +8.0% |
| 2010 | 280,416 | +0.8% |
| 2020 | 269,524 | −3.9% |
Economy
editThe city's economy is fueled by a large industrial complex overlooking Tokyo Bay. It contains the largest number of oil refineries in Japan, as well as power, petrochemical and shipbuilding companies.[7]
Education
edit- Teikyo Heisei University
- Ichihara has 41 public elementary schools and 21 public middle schools operated by the city government, and six public high schools operated by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education. There are also one private elementary school and two private high schools. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped.
Transportation
editRailway
edit- Yawatajuku - Goi - Anegasaki
Keisei Electric Railway – Keisei Chihara Line
Kominato Railway – Kominato Line
- Goi - Kazusa-Murakami - Amaariki - Kazusa-Mitsumata - Kazusa-Yamada - Kōfūdai - Umatate - Kazusa-Ushiku - Kazusa-Kawama - Kazusa-Tsurumai - Kazusa-Kubo - Takataki - Satomi - Itabu - Tsukizaki - Kazusa-Ōkubo - Yōrōkeikoku
Highway
editSister cities
editMobile, Alabama, United States, since November 10, 1993
Crime and safety
editThe Soai-kai yakuza syndicate is headquartered in Ichihara.[8] A designated yakuza group, the Soai-kai is one of the three dominating yakuza syndicates in Chiba Prefecture, along with the Sumiyoshi-kai and the Inagawa-kai.[9]
Notable people from Ichihara
edit- Chiaki, Singer
- Neko Hiroshi, Marathon Runner
- Hirotoshi Ishii, Baseball Player
- Katsushige Kawashima, Boxer
- Kohei Kudo, Soccer Player
- Suzuran Yamauchi, Tarento
References
edit- ^ "Ichihara city official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
- ^ a b 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
- ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
- ^ "Japan earthquake causes oil refinery inferno". Daily Telegraph, London, 11 March 2011, Retrieved 11 March 2011
- ^ "Natural gas storage tanks burn at Cosmo oil refinery in Ichihara city" Archived 2012-04-06 at the Wayback Machine. Reuters AlertNet. 11 March 2011, Retrieved 11 March 2011
- ^ Ichihara population statistics
- ^ "An Outline of Ichihara City". Archived from the original on 2008-02-16. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ "2010 Police White Paper Chapter 2 : Furtherance of Organized Crime Countermeasures", 2010, National Police Agency (in Japanese)
- ^ "Condition of Boryokudan" Archived 2011-08-20 at the Wayback Machine, as of late 2010, Chiba Prefectural Police (in Japanese)
External links
edit- Official Website (in Japanese)