The Higashiyama Treasure (東山御物 Higashiyama gyomotsu, Higashiyama gomotsu) was a collection of important and valuable artefacts by the Ashikaga shogunate. It is named after the residence of the 8th shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate, Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1436–1490), in the eastern hills (東山 Higashiyama) of the capital city Kyoto. The items consisted mostly of karamono (Chinese items) and consisted of ceramics, lacquerware, paintings, calligraphy, and others.[1] It represented the pinnacle of Higashiyama culture.
After the fall of the shogunate, the treasures were dispersed and some survived and are listed as either National Treasures or objects of Important Cultural Property.
The collecting of important items was continued by the warlords Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who laid great emphasis on Japanese tea utensils as chadō was developed. These were known as special tea utensils (名物 meibutsu, 大名物 Ōmeibutsu ).
List of existing items
edit- Summer Mountain (夏景山水図), National Treasure, Kuon-ji, Minobu, Yamanashi
- Autumn Landscape (秋景山水図), National Treasure, Konchi-in, Kyoto
- Winter Landscape (冬景山水図), National Treasure, Konchi-in, Kyoto
- Sakyamuni descending the mountain after asceticism / Snowy Landscape (出山釈迦図・雪景山水図), National Treasure, Tokyo National Museum[2]
- Han-shan and Shi-de (寒山拾得図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum[2][dead link]
- (紙本墨画布袋図), Important Cultural Property, private collection
- (紙本墨画老子像), Important Cultural Property, Okayama Prefectural Museum of Art
- Insects and Flower Plants (草虫図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum[2][dead link]
- Bamboos and Insects (竹虫図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum[2][dead link]
- Plum Flower and Two Sparrows (梅花双雀図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum[2][dead link]
| Name | Author | Remarks | Date | Format | Present location | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summer Mountain (絹本著色夏景山水図, kenpon chakushoku kakei sansui-zu)[3] | attributed to Hu Zhifu | —
|
Southern Song dynasty, 13th century | Hanging scroll, color on silk, 118.5 cm × 52.7 cm (46.7 in × 20.7 in) | Kuon-ji, Minobu, Yamanashi | |
| Autumn and Winter Landscapes (絹本著色秋景冬景山水図, kenpon chakushoku shūkei tōkei sansuizu)[4] | attributed to Emperor Huizong of Song | —
|
Southern Song dynasty, 12th century | Two hanging scrolls, color on silk, each 128.2 cm × 55.2 cm (50.5 in × 21.7 in) | Konchi-in, Kyoto | |
| Sakyamuni descending the mountain after asceticism (絹本墨画淡彩出山釈迦図, kenpon bokuga tansai shussan shuka zu) (I) Snowy Landscape (絹本墨画淡彩雪景山水図, kenpon bokuga tansai sekkei sansui zu) (II) Snowy Landscape (絹本墨画淡彩雪景山水図, kenpon bokuga tansai sekkei sansui zu) purportedly by Liang Kai (III)[5][6] |
Liang Kai | "III" was cut later to make the three paintings into a triad likely during the time of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. Marked with the zakkeshitsu-in seal found on Chinese paintings imported to Japan by the Ashikaga. Originally designated as three distinct National Treasures, they came to be designated as a single National Treasure in 2007. | Southern Song dynasty, 13th century | Three hanging scrolls, ink and light color on silk, 110.3 cm × 49.7 cm (43.4 in × 19.6 in) (I), 110.8 cm × 50.1 cm (43.6 in × 19.7 in) (II), 117.6 cm × 52.0 cm (46.3 in × 20.5 in) (III) | Tokyo National Museum, Tokyo |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Higashiyama gomotsu". www.omotesenke.jp. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
- ^ a b c d e http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100217?x=&y=&s=&d_lang=en&s_lang=&word=&class=&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=1&mode=¢ury= [dead link]
- ^ Kazuyoshi, Ohishi (1990). Otsuka, Kogeisha (ed.). 日本国宝展— National Treasures of Japan (in Japanese). Yomiuri Shimbun. pp. XII.
- ^ Autumn and Winter Landscapes, Kyoto National Museum, archived from the original on 2009-07-11, retrieved 2009-05-26
- ^ 東京国立博物館 -トーハク-. "TOKYO NATIONAL MUSEUM - Collections The TNM Collection Object List Snowscape". www.tnm.jp. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
- ^ Sakyamuni descending the mountain after asceticism/Snowy Landscape, Tokyo National Museum, archived from the original on 2012-04-03, retrieved 2011-10-03