GEM (gene)

GEM
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2CJW, 2G3Y, 2HT6
Identifiers
Aliases	GEM, KIR, GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle
External IDs	OMIM: 600164; MGI: 99844; HomoloGene: 38024; GeneCards: GEM; OMA:GEM - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)
End	94,262,350 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (mouse)
End	11,714,752 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	retinal pigment epithelium; ; gallbladder; ; tail of epididymis; ; vena cava; ; gastric mucosa; ; right coronary artery; ; ascending aorta; ; cartilage tissue; ; Descending thoracic aorta; ; mucosa of urinary bladder;
	Top expressed in
	ascending aorta; ; cumulus cell; ; aortic valve; ; skin of external ear; ; pineal gland; ; neural layer of retina; ; adrenal gland; ; endocardial cushion; ; spermatocyte; ; atrioventricular valve;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding; GTP binding; protein binding; magnesium ion binding; calmodulin binding; GDP binding; GTPase activity; calcium channel regulator activity;
Cellular component	spindle midzone; cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane; plasma membrane; midbody; mitotic spindle; nucleus; membrane;
Biological process	cell surface receptor signaling pathway; metaphase plate congression; chromosome organization; immune response; signal transduction; mitotic cell cycle; negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2669
	14579
	ENSG00000164949
	ENSMUSG00000028214
	P55040
	P55041
	NM_181702; NM_005261
	NM_010276
	NP_005252; NP_859053
	NP_034406
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

GTP-binding protein GEM is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEM gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RAD/GEM family of GTP-binding proteins. It is associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane and could play a role as a regulatory protein in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164949 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028214 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K (Aug 1994). "Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family". Science. 265 (5169): 241–4. Bibcode:1994Sci...265..241M. doi:10.1126/science.7912851. PMID 7912851.
^ Ward Y, Yap SF, Ravichandran V, Matsumura F, Ito M, Spinelli B, Kelly K (Apr 2002). "The GTP binding proteins Gem and Rad are negative regulators of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway". J Cell Biol. 157 (2): 291–302. doi:10.1083/jcb.200111026. PMC 2199248. PMID 11956230.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle".

Cohen L, Mohr R, Chen YY, et al. (1995). "Transcriptional activation of a ras-like gene (kir) by oncogenic tyrosine kinases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12448–52. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12448. PMC 45455. PMID 7809057.
Santoro T, Maguire J, McBride OW, et al. (1997). "Chromosomal organization and transcriptional regulation of human GEM and localization of the human and mouse GEM loci encoding an inducible Ras-like protein". Genomics. 30 (3): 558–64. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1277. PMID 8825643.
Moyers JS, Bilan PJ, Zhu J, Kahn CR (1997). "Rad and Rad-related GTPases interact with calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): 11832–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.18.11832. PMID 9115241.
Béguin P, Nagashima K, Gonoi T, et al. (2001). "Regulation of Ca2+ channel expression at the cell surface by the small G-protein kir/Gem". Nature. 411 (6838): 701–6. Bibcode:2001Natur.411..701B. doi:10.1038/35079621. PMID 11395774. S2CID 4382776.
Aresta S, de Tand-Heim MF, Béranger F, de Gunzburg J (2003). "A novel Rho GTPase-activating-protein interacts with Gem, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases". Biochem. J. 367 (Pt 1): 57–65. doi:10.1042/BJ20020829. PMC 1222866. PMID 12093360.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
Kelly K (2006). "The RGK family: a regulatory tail of small GTP-binding proteins". Trends Cell Biol. 15 (12): 640–3. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.002. PMID 16242932.
Opatowsky Y, Sasson Y, Shaked I, et al. (2006). "Structure-function studies of the G-domain from human gem, a novel small G-protein". FEBS Lett. 580 (25): 5959–64. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.09.067. PMC 1934412. PMID 17052716.
Splingard A, Ménétrey J, Perderiset M, et al. (2007). "Biochemical and structural characterization of the gem GTPase". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (3): 1905–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M604363200. PMID 17107948.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 8 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164949 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028214 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid7912851-5] Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K (Aug 1994). "Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family". Science. 265 (5169): 241–4. Bibcode:1994Sci...265..241M. doi:10.1126/science.7912851. PMID 7912851.

[pmid11956230-6] Ward Y, Yap SF, Ravichandran V, Matsumura F, Ito M, Spinelli B, Kelly K (Apr 2002). "The GTP binding proteins Gem and Rad are negative regulators of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway". J Cell Biol. 157 (2): 291–302. doi:10.1083/jcb.200111026. PMC 2199248. PMID 11956230.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle".

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[6]

[7]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

GEM (gene)

References

Further reading