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Summary
DescriptionEastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus) skeleton 2.jpg |
This is the Eastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus), a monotypic talpid mole in the New World mole raditation Scalopini (although one Chinese mole belongs to this group as well, strangely). It occurs in the eastern half of North American, extending slightly in Mexico and barely penetrating into Canada. This mole harbors some rather extreme fossorial (digging lifestyle) adaptations, including a robust manus (hand) as wide as it is long with large claws and a highly elongated sesamoid bone (this can be seen on the bottom of the hand on the right side of the photo). It also has an utterly massive olecranon process (extension of the ulna, basically a lever mechanism for foreleg movement) and wide, robust humeri and clavicles, that, like the manus, are more squarish overall rather then elongated (the humeri of this mole are also just really funky looking in general). But, as you can see, those scapula look rather skinny and puny. That's compensated by a bird-like keel on the manubrium of the sternum that serves to increase muscle attachment area for the back-and-forth movement of the forelegs. This basically means that moles utilize the same sort of mechanism as birds do in the air to "fly through the dirt." That's pretty neat. Some moles are aquatic, particularly the desmans. Despite the na#e "Scalopus aquaticus," however, the Eastern mole is not an aquatic species. That na#e comes from the fact that the type specimen was found dead in a body of water. Also, one more thing. Those teeth are pretty narly, eh? Don't underestimate moles, they're truly vicious predators. Skulls in the background: left front to back: Tree shrew (Tupaia sp.#, European hedgehog #Erinaceus europaeus#, North American porcupine #Erethizon dorsatum#. Now rightward: African Cape porcupine #Hystrix africaeaeustralis) and a lesser short-nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus brachyotis#. Right behind the mole's claws is an Asian musk shrew #Suncus murinus#, the largest species of shrew #which of course means the tree shrew on the left is not an actual shrew... it's really a basal euarchontan related to Primates in the order Scandentia#. |
Date | |
Source | Eastern mole #Scalopus aquaticus) skeleton |
Author | Dallas Krentzel |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Dallas Krentzel at https://www.flickr.com/photos/31867959@N04/6645887001. It was reviewed on 11 November 2014 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
11 November 2014
Items portrayed in this file
depicts
some value
5 January 2012
0.008 second
5.6
80 millimetre
400
image/jpeg
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 01:22, 11 November 2014 | 3,872 × 2,592 (2.3 MB) | G S Palmer | {{Information |Description=This is the Eastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus), a monotypic talpid mole in the New World mole raditation Scalopini (although one Chinese mole belongs to this group as well, strangely). It occurs in the eastern half of North Am... |
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Image title |
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Camera manufacturer | SONY |
Camera model | DSLR-A300 |
Exposure time | 1/125 sec (0.008) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 03:46, 5 January 2012 |
Lens focal length | 80 mm |
Short title |
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Orientation | Normal |
Software used | DSLR-A300 v1.00 |
File change date and time | 03:46, 5 January 2012 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 03:46, 5 January 2012 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 8 |
APEX brightness | 3.87 |
Exposure bias | −1 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.97 APEX (f/5.6) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 120 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |