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Fargesia

Fargesia is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family.[3] These bamboos are native primarily to China, with a few species in Vietnam and in the eastern Himalayas.[4] Some species are cultivated as ornamentals, with common names including umbrella bamboo and fountain bamboo.[5][6]

Fargesia
Fargesia nitida
Münster Botanical Gardens, Germany
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Bambusoideae
Tribe: Arundinarieae
Subtribe: Arundinariinae
Genus: Fargesia
Franch.[1]
Type species
Fargesia spathacea
Franch.
Synonyms[2]
  • Sinarundinaria Nakai
  • Borinda Stapleton

They are medium to small mountain clumping bamboos, native to alpine conifer forests of East Asia, from China south to Vietnam and west to the eastern slopes of the Himalayas. They are known in Chinese as jian zhu (Chinese: 箭竹; pinyin: jiànzhú), meaning "arrow bamboo".

The scientific name was given in honour of the French missionary and amateur botanist Père Paul Guillaume Farges (1844–1912).

Fargesias are some of the world's hardiest bamboos, but they do not spread vigorously. Common bamboos in the genus Fargesia are essential foods for giant pandas, and large-scale flowering of its species has had a devastating effect on panda populations. Giant panda habitat will therefore need at least two species of Fargesia, to ensure food supply during flowering events.[7][8]

Because fargesias are becoming more well known for their thick clumping habits, they have become cheaper and available at many nurseries.[citation needed]

Taxonomy

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There are currently about 80–90 recognised species, but morphological and genetic analysis suggest transferring many of these to the genera Thamnocalamus, Yushania and Borinda. Others are still of unknown relationship.[9] As of June 2021, Plants of the World Online accepts the following species:[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b "Fargesia Franch.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
  2. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Franchet, Adrien René. 1893. Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris 2: 1067
  4. ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 74 箭竹属 jian zhu shu Fargesia Franchet, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris. 2: 1067. 1893.
  5. ^ Darke, R. 1999. Color Encyclopedia of Ornamental Grasses: Sedges, Rushes, Cat-tails, and Selected Bamboos 1–325. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon USA
  6. ^ Yi, Tong Pei. 1988. Journal of Bamboo Research 7(2)
  7. ^ "Flowering bamboo danger to panda population". Retrieved 13 November 2015.
  8. ^ Tian, Zhaoxue; Liu, Xuehua; Fan, Zhiyong; Liu, Jianguo; Pimm, Stuart L.; Liu, Lanmei; Garcia, Claude; Songer, Melissa; Shao, Xiaoming; Skidmore, Andrew; Wang, Tiejun; Zhang, Yuke; Chang, Youde; Jin, Xuelin; Gong, Minghao; Zhou, Lingguo; He, Xiangbo; Dang, Gaodi; Zhu, Yun; Cai, Qiong (2019-06-01). "The next widespread bamboo flowering poses a massive risk to the giant panda". Biological Conservation. 234: 180–187. Bibcode:2019BCons.234..180T. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.03.030. hdl:20.500.11850/336276. ISSN 0006-3207. S2CID 132717643.
  9. ^ Li, De-Zhu; Guo, Zhenhua; Stapleton, Chris (2007), "Fargesia rufa", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of China, vol. 22, Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, p. 74, retrieved 2007-07-16{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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