C. Kumar N. Patel

Chandra Kumar Naranbhai Patel (born 2 July 1938) is an electrical engineer. He developed the carbon dioxide laser in 1963;^[1] it is now widely used in industry for cutting and engraving a wide range of materials like plastic and wood. Because the atmosphere is quite transparent to infrared light, CO₂ lasers are also used for military rangefinding using LIDAR techniques.

C. Kumar N. Patel
Born	(1938-07-02) 2 July 1938 (age 86) Baramati, Bombay Presidency, British India
Nationality	Indian/American
Alma mater	College of Engineering, Pune (B.E.) Stanford University (M.S.) Stanford University (PhD)
Awards	Stuart Ballantine Medal (1968) IEEE Medal of Honor (1989)
Scientific career
Fields	Electrical engineering
Institutions	University of California, Los Angeles

Patel was born in Baramati, India, and received a Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) degree from the Government College of Engineering, the University of Pune, India and the M.S. and PhD in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1959 and 1961, respectively.^[2] Patel joined Bell Laboratories in 1961, and subsequently became Executive Director of the Research, Materials Science, Engineering and Academic Affairs Division at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, where he developed the carbon dioxide laser. Patel's discovery, in 1963, of the laser action on the rotational–vibrational transitions of carbon dioxide and his discovery, in 1964, of efficient vibrational energy transfer between molecules, led to a series of experiments which demonstrated that the carbon dioxide laser was capable of very high continuous-wave and pulsed power output at very high conversion efficiencies.

From 1993–1999, Patel served as vice chancellor for research at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he is also professor of physics and adjunct professor of electrical engineering.^[3]

In 1996, President Bill Clinton awarded Patel the National Medal of Science, "[f]or his fundamental contributions to quantum electronics and invention of the carbon dioxide laser, which have had significant impact on industrial, scientific, medical, and defense applications."^[4] In addition to the carbon dioxide laser, he also developed the "spin-flip" infrared Raman laser.^[5]

Patel currently holds 36 U.S. patents relating to lasers and laser applications. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,^[6] the American Association for the Advancement of Science,^[7] the American Physical Society, the IEEE, the Optical Society of America,^[8] the Laser Institute of America,^[9] the American Society of Laser Medicine and a Senior Fellow of the California Council on Science and Technology.^[10]

In 2018 C. Kumar N. Patel became an Honorary Member of the American Laser Study Club^[11] which a year later named an award in his honor.^[12]