Bullialdus is a lunar impact crater located in the western part of the Mare Nubium. It was named after French astronomer Ismaël Boulliau.[1] To the north by north-west is the broken-rimmed and lava-flooded crater Lubiniezky. South-west of Bullialdus lies the smaller crater König.
 Lunar Orbiter 4 image | |
| Coordinates | 20°42′S 22°12′W / 20.7°S 22.2°W |
|---|---|
| Diameter | 61 km |
| Depth | 3.5 km |
| Colongitude | 2° at sunrise |
| Eponym | Ismaël Boulliau |
The relatively isolated location of this crater serves to highlight its well-formed shape. Bullialdus has a high outer rim that is circular but observers have noted a slightly polygonal appearance. The inner walls are terraced and contain many signs of landslips. The outer ramparts are covered in a wide ejecta blanket that highlights a radial pattern of low ridges and valleys.
In the center of the crater is a formation of several peaks and rises that climb to over a kilometer in height. A raised ridge runs from the peaks to the south-east, until finally merging with the inner wall. The floor of the crater is generally rough with many low rises. Overall it has a somewhat convex shape, bulging upward toward the middle. When the Sun is at a high angle, the rim and central mountains appear brighter than the surroundings, and white patches can be viewed on the crater floor.
Infrared studies of the crater region have revealed at least three layers of strata. The impact may also have intersected a mafic pluton, which means a crystallized body of igneous rock that has high concentrations of heavier elements (such as magnesium, in this case).
Bullialdus is a crater of Eratosthenian age.[2]
Satellite craters
editBy convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Bullialdus. Bullialdus A lies just to the south-west of Bullialdus, within its ramparts. To the south of Bullialdus A is the slightly smaller Bullialdus B.
| Bullialdus | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 22.1° S | 21.5° W | 26 km |
| B | 23.4° S | 21.9° W | 21 km |
| E | 21.7° S | 23.9° W | 4 km |
| F | 22.5° S | 24.8° W | 6 km |
| G | 23.2° S | 23.6° W | 4 km |
| H | 22.7° S | 19.3° W | 5 km |
| K | 21.8° S | 25.6° W | 12 km |
| L | 20.2° S | 24.4° W | 4 km |
| R | 20.1° S | 19.8° W | 17 km |
| Y | 18.5° S | 19.1° W | 4 km |
References
edit- ^ "Bullialdus (crater)". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.
- ^ The geologic history of the Moon. USGS Professional Paper 1348. By Don E. Wilhelms, John F. McCauley, and Newell J. Trask. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington: 1987. Table 12.2.
- S. Tompkins et al., "Distribution and geologic history of materials excavated by the lunar crater Bullialdus", Twenty-Fourth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Part 3, 1993.
- Andersson, L. E.; Whitaker, E. A. (1982). NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA RP-1097.
- Blue, Jennifer (July 25, 2007). "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature". USGS. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
- Bussey, B.; Spudis, P. (2004). The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81528-4.
- Cocks, Elijah E.; Cocks, Josiah C. (1995). Who's Who on the Moon: A Biographical Dictionary of Lunar Nomenclature. Tudor Publishers. ISBN 978-0-936389-27-1.
- McDowell, Jonathan (July 15, 2007). "Lunar Nomenclature". Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
- Menzel, D. H.; Minnaert, M.; Levin, B.; Dollfus, A.; Bell, B. (1971). "Report on Lunar Nomenclature by the Working Group of Commission 17 of the IAU". Space Science Reviews. 12 (2): 136–186. Bibcode:1971SSRv...12..136M. doi:10.1007/BF00171763. S2CID 122125855.
- Moore, Patrick (2001). On the Moon. Sterling Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0-304-35469-6.
- Price, Fred W. (1988). The Moon Observer's Handbook. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33500-3.
- Rükl, Antonín (1990). Atlas of the Moon. Kalmbach Books. ISBN 978-0-913135-17-4.
- Webb, Rev. T. W. (1962). Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes (6th revised ed.). Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-20917-3.
- Whitaker, Ewen A. (1999). Mapping and Naming the Moon. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-62248-6.
- Wlasuk, Peter T. (2000). Observing the Moon. Springer. ISBN 978-1-85233-193-1.
External links
edit- Central Peak of Bullialdus Crater, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, Posted by Samuel Lawrence on May 11, 2010.
- Bullialdus Central Peak Oblique, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, Posted by Sarah Braden on January 23, 2013.
Media related to Bullialdus (crater) at Wikimedia Commons
- Wood, Chuck (May 3, 2004). "Bully for Bullialdus". Lunar Photo of the Day. Archived from the original on May 30, 2018. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
- Wood, Chuck (August 23, 2004). "Almost on the Ground". Lunar Photo of the Day. Archived from the original on May 30, 2018. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
- Wood, Chuck (April 23, 2006). "Clumps and Tadpoles". Lunar Photo of the Day. Archived from the original on June 14, 2011.
- Wood, Chuck (June 23, 2006). "Bullialdus' Ridge". Lunar Photo of the Day. Archived from the original on June 14, 2011.
- Wood, Chuck (January 31, 2010). "Spotted Moon". Lunar Photo of the Day.