Bruit, also called vascular murmur,[3] is the abnormal sound generated by turbulent flow of blood in an artery due to either an area of partial obstruction or a localized high rate of blood flow through an unobstructed artery.[4]
| Bruit | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Vascular murmur |
| Pronunciation | |
| Specialty | Cardiology |
The bruit may be heard ("auscultated") by securely placing the head of a stethoscope to the skin over the turbulent flow, and listening. Most bruits occur only in systole, so the bruit is intermittent and its frequency dependent on the heart rate. Anything increasing the blood flow velocity such as fever, anemia, hyperthyroidism, or physical exertion, can increase the amplitude of the bruit.
Etymology
editIt is naturalized from the French word for "noise", although another notes that /ˈbruːi/ and /bruːˈiː/ are also common,[5] and others give only /ˈbruːi/ for the cardiac sense.[6][7]
Associated terms
editDescribing location of a partial obstruction
edit- Peripheral vascular disease; femoral artery stenosis
- Renal artery stenosis
- Stroke, carotid artery stenosis
- Aortic aneurysm
- Tinnitus – a symptom which may be caused by a cranial artery bruit
- Arteriovenous malformation
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Alcoholic hepatitis
Describing the mechanism of a partial obstruction
edit- Atherosclerosis (atheroma or plaque) (cholesterol deposition in artery wall)
- Median arcuate ligament syndrome, celiac artery stenosis – external compression
Describing location of localized high blood flow
edit- Arteriovenous (AV) fistula – pathologic or surgically created
- Graves' disease, goitre
- Paget's disease
Unclassified
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, archived from the original on 2015-09-25, retrieved 2018-07-04.
- ^ Elsevier, Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, Elsevier.
- ^ "bruit" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ "vascular murmur" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Wolters Kluwer, Stedman's Medical Dictionary, Wolters Kluwer.
- ^ Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, Merriam-Webster.
- ^ Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, archived from the original on 2020-05-25, retrieved 2018-07-04.