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The Bolivian Workers' Center (Spanish: Central Obrera Boliviana, COB) is the chief trade union federation in Bolivia. It represents groups such as industry workers, miners, peasants and professionals, its main objective is: "achieving the emancipation of workers in Bolivia, in the defense of their fundamental rights, for the definite liberation of the exploited, oppressed, marginalized and the Bolivian People"[1]
Bolivian Workers' Union | |
| Central Obrera Boliviana | |
| Founded | 1952 |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | La Paz, Bolivia |
| Location | |
Executive Secretary | Pedro Montes |
General Secretary | Óscar Salas Moya |
| Affiliations | WFTU |
It was founded in 1952 following the national revolution that brought the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement to power. The most important affiliate of the COB was the Union Federation of Bolivian Mine Workers (FSTMB). From 1952 to 1987, the COB was led by the legendary Juan Lechín, who was also head of the FSTMB. In its heyday it was arguably the strongest independent labour movement in the world.[2]
Traditionally a demanding, confrontational organization, the COB has had a difficult relationship with every Bolivian president since the 1950s. More recently, it played a significant role in the series of demonstrations that brought down President Carlos Mesa in 2005. The COB currently supports nationalization of Bolivian natural gas reserves and opposed water privatization during the 2000 Cochabamba protests. In 2010 it led a brief national march that led to pension reform and in April 2011, it organized a twelve-day general strike for higher wages.
The COB represents about two million Bolivian workers, bringing together workers from various branches of industry and public services as well as consultation with many peasants' and indigenous leaders, such as Felipe Quispe.
Structure and leadership
editThe COB is led by a National Executive Committee, which is regularly elected in Ordinary Congresses of the organization, which are held every few years.[3] The leading figure is the Executive Secretary, followed by the General Secretary. Other members of the National Executive Committee are also named secretaries, each with a designated area of responsibility. Leadership rank within the National Executive Committee has long been allocated by assessing the sector's power and militancy. Since this Fifth Congress, this has been based on: union density (the percentage of workers in the sector who are unionized); degree of emancipation from private property, through nationalization or cooperatives; and history of combativeness, revolutionary tradition, political consciousness, and solidarity with other sectors. In practice, the Executive Secretary has always been from Bolivia's mining sector.[4]
The current Executive Secretary of the COB is Juan Carlos Huarachi, a miners' union leader in Huanuni, Oruro, who was elected at the XVII National Congress, held in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, in February 2018.[5] Prior executive secretaries include:
| Executive Secretary | Affiliation | Elected at | Held in | Term began |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saturnino Mallku[6] | Miner | XIII Ordinary Congress | Sucre | March 2002 |
| Pedro Montes[7][8] | Sindicato Mixto de Trabajadores Mineros de Huanuni | XIV Ordinary Congress | 2006 | |
| Juan Carlos Trujillo[9] | Sindicato Mixto de Trabajadores Mineros de Huanuni | XV Ordinary Congress | Tarija | January 2012 |
| Guido Mitma[10] | Sindicato Mixto de Trabajadores Mineros de Huanuni | XVI Ordinary Congress | Tupiza | January 2016 |
| Juan Carlos Huarachi[11] | Sindicato Mixto de Trabajadores Mineros de Huanuni | XVII Ordinary Congress | Santa Cruz | February 2018 |
While the National Executive Committee represents the COB, its powers are subordinate to National Congresses (Ordinary and Extraordinary gatherings of member unions) and to National Ampliados (smaller gatherings of union representatives).
The unions that are part of the COB are affiliated into Federations (typically representing a single sector, such as factory workers or peasants, within one of Bolivia's departments), which are grouped into (usually national) Confederations by sector.[3]
References
edit- ^ Central Obrera Boliviana (COB). Contribución voluntaria al Segundo Ciclo del Examen Periódico Universal de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, para la 26° Sesión del Grupo de Trabajo sobre el Examen Periódico Universal Periodo 2012-2016, https://uprdoc.ohchr.org/uprweb/downloadfile.aspx?filename=3509&file=SpanishTranslation
- ^ Impasse in Bolivia, Kohl & Farthing, ISBN 184277 759 9, p.149.
- ^ a b García Linera, Álvaro; Chávez León, Marxa; Costas Monje, Patricia (2004). Sociología de los movimientos sociales en Bolivia: Estructuras de movilización, repertorios culturales y acción política. La Paz, Bolivia: DIAKONIA, Accion Ecuménica Sueca. p. 50. ISBN 99905-0-623-X.
- ^ García Linera, Álvaro; Chávez León, Marxa; Costas Monje, Patricia (2004). Sociología de los movimientos sociales en Bolivia: Estructuras de movilización, repertorios culturales y acción política. La Paz, Bolivia: DIAKONIA, Accion Ecuménica Sueca. p. 56. ISBN 99905-0-623-X.
- ^ "Eligen a Guido Mitma como nuevo ejecutivo de la COB". Correo del Sur (January 24, 2016 ed.). Retrieved 2016-06-21.
- ^ García Linera, Álvaro; Chávez León, Marxa; Costas Monje, Patricia (2004). Sociología de los movimientos sociales en Bolivia: Estructuras de movilización, repertorios culturales y acción política. La Paz, Bolivia: DIAKONIA, Accion Ecuménica Sueca. p. 86. ISBN 99905-0-623-X.
- ^ "Montes se queda hasta mayo de 2012". Los Tiempos. 2011-07-30. Archived from the original on 2012-10-06. Retrieved 2011-07-30.
- ^ "COB ratifica que no asistirá a Cumbre de Cochabamba y decide construir su propia propuesta". Los Tiempos. 2011-12-12. Archived from the original on 2012-09-04. Retrieved 2011-12-13.
- ^ Donoso, Yuvert (2012-01-23). "Trujillo, el nuevo líder de la COB, ofrece diálogo". La Razón. Retrieved 2016-06-21.
- ^ "COB eligió a nuevo comité Ejecutivo liderado por Mitma y Ancieta". Erbol Digital. 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ^ "El minero Juan Carlos Huarachi es el nuevo secretario ejecutivo de la COB". Agencia de Noticias Fides. 2018-02-25. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
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