The Bergepanzerwagen V (Sd.Kfz. 179), often referred to as the "Bergepanther", was an armoured recovery vehicle used by the German Army in WWII. It was a variant of the Panzerkampfwagen V Panther (Sd.Kfz. 171).
| Bergepanther | |
|---|---|
 A Bergepanther displayed in the Musée des Blindés | |
| Type | Armoured recovery vehicle |
| Place of origin |  Nazi Germany |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1943–1945 |
| Used by | Wehrmacht |
| Wars | Second World War |
| Production history | |
| Produced | 1943-1945 |
| No. built | 339 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 43 tonnes (47 short tons; 42 long tons) |
| Length | 8.86 m (29 ft 1 in) |
| Width | 3.42 m (11 ft 3 in) |
| Height | 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) |
| Crew | 5 |
Main armament | 1 × 2 cm KwK 38 L/55 autocannon |
Secondary armament | 1 × 7.92 mm MG 42 machine gun |
| Engine | Maybach HL 230 12-cylinder gasoline engine 700 horsepower (520 kW) |
| Power/weight | 19 hp/tonne |
Operational range | 200 mi (320 km) |
| Maximum speed | 55 km/h (34 mph) maximum |
Development and production
editThe idea of a Bergepanther came about in 1943 because of problems with the recovery of heavy and medium tanks. The development was carried out by MAN. The half-track vehicles used up to then for recovery (e.g. Sd.Kfz. 9) were rarely able to successfully recover a Panther or a Tiger; towing with another Tiger or Panther was strictly forbidden as this could lead to the loss of both tanks.
The first Bergepanthers were almost completed Panthers of the Ausf. D, in which the manufacturer MAN only omitted the turret. Henschel, Daimler-Benz and DEMAG later took on the production one after the other. The specially produced hull of the Bergepanther was largely similar to that of the Panzerkampfwagen Panther, although the modifications of the Ausf. G were adopted for it at the end of 1944. The crew consisted of at least three soldiers, with the device being operated by two soldiers in the vehicle.
Square wooden and metal structures replaced the turret, and a winch with 40 tonnes-force (392 kilonewtons) capacity was installed in the hull of the tank. The Bergepanther also had a simple crane boom with a load capacity of 1.5 tonnes-force.
The Bergepanther was quite reliable in its area of responsibility and, thanks to its armour, could also be used under enemy fire. Even the heavy Tiger I and its variants could be recovered without any problems by a Bergepanther with a winch.
After the Second World War, the British described the Bergepanther as "usable" based on their own experiments.[1][2]
In addition to the on-board machine gun, which could be attached to supports to the right or left of the combat area, the Bergepanther received a bow mount to accommodate a 2 cm KwK 30 automatic cannon. However, it was already obsolete in the course of 1944. With the conversion to the hull shape of the Panther G, the Bergepanther received the usual MG ball cover on the radio operator's side. The machine-gun support on the driver's side was also omitted.[3][4]
From 1943 to 1945 around 339 Bergepanther of all designs were produced by the companies MAN, Henschel, Daimler-Benz (Berlin-Marienfelde plant) and DEMAG.[5]
Of the vehicles designated as a Bergepanther, a total of around 297 Bergepanthers were built from September 1943 onwards with the special Panther tub, which enabled the cable winch and the spur to be accommodated.[6] Of these 297 Bergepanthers, at least 88 were delivered without a winch and spur.[7] Apart from the 42 vehicles called Bergepanther up to September 1943, which were essentially only Panther Ausf. D hulls as tugs, the company Seibert Stahlbau in Aschaffenburg carried out the conversion of the damaged Ausf. Ds to Bergepanthers from August 1944 to March 1945. These vehicles also had neither a winch nor a spur and thus resembled the first Bergepanthers from MAN and Henschel. The cover with the hatch covers for the driver and radio operator had been omitted. They were provided with all other recovery equipment and tools that could also be found on the Bergepanther.[8] The Seibert company produced (approximately) 61 Umbau-Bergepanthers.[9] A total of around 113 vehicles from the repair work were delivered.[10]
It can be seen here that the vehicles referred to as Bergepanther were mostly just turretless tow vehicles that were delivered until the end of the war. Furthermore, a significant part of the Bergepanthers with the special tub for winch and spur attachment was probably only used as a towing vehicle due to the lack of winches.[11] These facts, which only became publicly known in 2013 through the latest publication on the subject of Bergepanthers, may have contributed to the fact that "early" Bergepanthers were incorrectly identified in various earlier publications, including photos from the end of the war.
See also
editFootnotes
edit- ^ Frank Köhler: Die Fertigung von Kettenfahrzeugen bei der Firma M.N.H. in Hannover von 1939–1945. In: Verein der Freunde und Förderer der Wehrtechnischen Studiensammlung Koblenz, erstveröffentlicht 1994, online since 22 October 2011, retrieved 18 December 2017.
- ^ Rolf Wirtgen (Hrsg.), Frank Köhler: Die Fertigung von Militärfahrzeugen und Einzelteilen bei der Firmengruppe M. N. H. in Hannover von 1939 – 1945, die Nachkriegs-Panzerfertigung und Erprobung durch die Britische Armee. Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung, Wehrtechnische Studiensammlung. Koblenz 2008, DNB-IDN 991587170.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2004, p. 22, 32.
- ^ Spielberger 1977, p. 200-214.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2011, p. 61.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2013, p. 5; 8-9.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2013, p. 7.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2013, p. 19; 51-54.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2011, p. 76.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2013, p. 5.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2013.
References
edit- Jentz, Tom; Doyle, Hilary (2011). Panzer Tracts No. 23, Panzer Production from 1933 to 1945. Boyds.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Jentz, Tom; Doyle, Hilary (2013). Panzer Tracts No. 16-1, Bergepanther Ausf. D. Boyds.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Jentz, Tom; Doyle, Hilary (2004). Panzer Tracts No. 16. Bergepanzerwagen – Bergepanzer 38 to Bergepanther. Boyds.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Spielberger, Walter J. (1977). Der Panzerkampfwagen Panther (5 ed.). Stuttgart.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)