Bagarius yarrelli, also known as the goonch catfish, giant devil catfish, or simply Goonch, is a very large species of catfish in the genus Bagarius found in rivers in the Indian subcontinent. The species reaches up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in length.[2] It may be synonymous with B. bagarius.[3]
| Bagarius yarrelli | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Sisoridae |
| Genus: | Bagarius |
| Species: | B. yarrelli
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| Binomial name | |
| Bagarius yarrelli (Sykes, 1839)
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| Synonyms | |
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Etymology
editThe species is known by many names throughout its range in the Indian subcontinent. It is known as the goonch in Urdu, Hindi and Punjabi, baghar or baghair in Bengali and Bihari (these names being the origin of the genus name Bagarius), gauns in Rajasthani, gorua (গৰুৱা) and baghmas (বাঘমাছ) in Assamese and bodh in Chhattisgarhi.[4] Its scientific name commemorates the English naturalist William Yarrell.[5]
Taxonomy
editThe species is frequently taxonomically confused with B. bagarius. B. bagarius has – perhaps in error – been reported as reaching the same size as B. yarrelli,[6] while others consider B. bagarius to be a dwarf species that only reaches about 20 cm (7.9 in).[1] A study published in 2021 found B. yarrelli to be a junior synonym of B. bagarius, likely necessitating a merge of B. yarrelli into B. bagarius.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editIt is found in large rivers in South Asia, such as the Indus and Ganges basins.[2] It is more common in deeper pools near faster current, but never in small streams.[citation needed] Two other populations were also formerly thought to exist in Southeast Asia (one population in the Mekong-Chao Phraya basin and the other from the Xe Bang Fai of Laos south to Indonesia),[2] but a 2021 study found the former to represent a new species B. vegrandis, and the latter to represent the distinct species B. lica, previously synonymized with B. yarrelli.[1]
Threats
editWhile still abundant, the species is considered vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to excessive, unsustainable overharvesting of the species. Hydroelectric projects such as those on the Indravati River may affect the habitat of the species and adversely impact it.[7][4]
Cultural significance
editThe Order of the Fish was the highest honour of the Mughal Empire and named after this fish.[8]
In Chhattisgarh, the species is worshipped by tribal communities such as the Murias and Gonds, and is popularly referred to as the "shark of the Bastar". There have been efforts to name it the official state fish of Chhattisgarh.[4]
In Captivity
editBagarius yarrelli has seldom been kept successful in a home aquarium setting. Some monster fish enthusiasts have attempted to house this species in home aquaria to varying degrees of success. Unlike some other larger catfish species such as the Sun Catfish or Pictus Catfish, Goonch Catfish will quickly outgrow even the largest systems, and are far more suited for an outdoor tropical pond setting or the largest of public aquaria displays. Despite this, juveniles are sometimes seen for sale at much smaller sizes around 4" - 6" in length to unexpecting buyers. They are also a very aggressive species in the presence of most other fish, exhibiting territorial aggression and possessing 2 rows of larger, sharp, pointed teeth making them unsuitable for virtually any tankmates. [9]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Ng, H.H. (2020). "Bagarius yarrelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T166503A60588519. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T166503A60588519.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Bagarius yarrelli". FishBase. January 2012 version.
- ^ a b Ng, Heok Hee; Kottelat, Maurice (2021-02-04). "Description of Bagarius vegrandis , a new species of sisorid catfish from Indochina (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes), with notes on the identity of Bagarius bagarius". Zootaxa. 4926 (1): 134–146. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4926.1.9. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 33756764.
- ^ a b c "Hydropower project on the Indravati puts the iconic bodh fish in danger". Mongabay-India. 2020-10-09. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
- ^ Jackson, Christine E (2022). A Newsworthy Naturalist: The Life of William Yarrell. Oxford: John Beaufoy. pp. 115–118. ISBN 978-1913679-04-0.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Bagarius bagarius". FishBase. January 2012 version.
- ^ Singapore), Heok Hee Ng (c/o National University of (2019-06-06). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Bagarius yarrelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
- ^ "A Gilt-Copper Fish Standard (Mahi-Maratib)". Masterart.com. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
- ^ S, Austin (2022-04-24). "Goonch Catfish". A-Z Animals. Retrieved 2024-12-02.
External links
edit- The Daily Star (Bangladesh): "Giant Baghair caught in Jamuna" (2009). Archived 2014-11-29 at the Wayback Machine.