Austrosimulium is a subgenus of Austrosimulium, a genus of Simuliidae (black flies). The flies in this subgenre are found mainly in New Zealand, with a few in Australia.[1] They are the only Simuliidae found in New Zealand.[2]
| Austrosimulium | |
|---|---|
| |
| A. australense | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Simuliidae |
| Genus: | Austrosimulium |
| Subgenus: | Austrosimulium Tonnoir, 1925 |
In New Zealand, where they are known as sandflies, the females of three species – A. australense, A. tillyardianum and A. ungulatum – bite humans;[3][4] the males do not.[2] A. australense is found in the North Island, South Island, Stewart Island and some offshore islands; it is the sandfly that is encountered most commonly in the North Island and the main one that bites humans there.[5] A. tillyardianum is found in the North Island and the South Island.[6] A. ungulatum is found in the South Island and Stewart Island, and is well-known for biting humans.[7][8]
Species
editThese 24 species belong to the subgenus Austrosimulium:[9][2]
- Austrosimulium albovelatum Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium alveolatum Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium australense (Schiner, 1868) (New Zealand, Stewart Island)
- Austrosimulium bicorne Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium campbellense Dumbleton, 1973 (Campbell Island)
- Austrosimulium cornutum Tonnoir, 1925 (Australia (Victoria, NSW, Tasmania))
- Austrosimulium crassipes Tonnoir, 1925 (Australia (Victoria, NSW, Queensland))
- Austrosimulium dugdalei Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012 (New Zealand (North Island))
- Austrosimulium dumbletoni Crosby, 1976 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium extendorum Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012 (New Zealand (Stewart Island))
- Austrosimulium fiordense Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium fulvicorne Mackerras & Mackerras, 1950 (Australia (Queensland))
- Austrosimulium laticorne Tonnoir, 1925 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium longicorne Tonnoir, 1925 (New Zealand)
- Austrosimulium mirabile Mackerras & Mackerras, 1948 (Australia (Queensland))
- Austrosimulium montanum Mackerras & Mackerras, 1952 (Australia (NSW, Victoria))
- Austrosimulium multicorne Tonnoir, 1925 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium stewartense Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (Stewart Island, South Island))
- Austrosimulium tillyardianum Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand)
- Austrosimulium tonnoiri Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium ungulatum Tonnoir, 1925 (New Zealand (South Island, Stewart Island))
- Austrosimulium unicorne Dumbleton, 1973 (New Zealand (South Island))
- Austrosimulium vailavoense Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012 (New Zealand (Stewart Island, South Island))
- Austrosimulium vexans (Mik, 1881) (Auckland Islands)
References
edit- ^ Peter H. Adler & Roger W. Crosskey (2009). "World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory". p. 109.
- ^ a b c Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. (2012). Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand, (68)
- ^ Early, John (2009). Know your New Zealand ... native insects & spiders. New Holland. p. 120. ISBN 9781869662530.
- ^ Walrond, Carl (24 September 2007). "Sandflies and mosquitoes - Sandflies: New Zealand's blackflies". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
- ^ Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. (2012). Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand. Vol. 68. Manaaki Whenua Press. pp. 106–107.
- ^ Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. (2012). Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand. Vol. 68. Manaaki Whenua Press. pp. 141–142.
- ^ Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. (2012). Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand. Vol. 68. Manaaki Whenua Press. pp. 149–153.
- ^ "Catalogue of Life, Austrosimulium Tonnoir, 1925". Retrieved 2024-10-12.
- ^ Adler, Peter H. (2024). World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory [2024] (PDF) (Report). Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
External links
editData related to Austrosimulium at Wikispecies
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