Arthur Tappan Pierson

Pierson was the ninth child of Stephen and Sallie Pierson, a family with strong Christian and abolitionist roots. Born in New York City, he was named after Arthur Tappan, the famous New York abolitionist.

While attending a Methodist revival meeting in 1850 at the age of 13, he first publicly professed faith in Jesus Christ.

He graduated from Hamilton College, Clinton, New York, in 1857, and Union Theological Seminary (1869).

In 1860, he had married Sarah Frances Benedict; they had seven children, all of whom professed conversion to Christianity before the age of 15 and later served as missionaries, pastors, or lay leaders.

At the age of forty, while serving as pastor of the largest church in Detroit, he attended a series of evangelistic messages and realized he was prideful and greedy, and had sought the approval of the rich. As a result, he led his wealthy congregation to reach out to the poor of Detroit. He then moved to banish the practice of pew rents and committed to accept his salary on a faith basis.

In 1889–90 he made a missionary tour of the United Kingdom.^[2] Since 1888 he was editor of the Missionary Review of the World, and was lecturer on missions in Rutgers College in 1891 and Duff lecturer in Scotland in 1892.

When Charles Spurgeon's illness with Bright's disease kept him from preaching, he asked Pierson to substitute for him while he recovered; but when Spurgeon unexpectedly died on January 31, 1892, the people of the Metropolitan Tabernacle invited Pierson to stay on, which he did for the next two years. It is notable that Spurgeon asked a Presbyterian minister who had not been baptized as a believer to occupy the pulpit in his place. Pierson held the opinion that Christians could disagree on the mode of baptism and whether it should be administered to infants or believers only. He later became convinced that believer baptism was correct and on February 1, 1896, was baptized by Spurgeon's brother, James A. Spurgeon at the age of fifty-eight.

Pierson spoke with D. L. Moody at his Northfield Conferences and was also a speaker at the Keswick Convention who promoted holiness piety. During this period George Mueller and others had helped to change Pierson's eschatology from postmillennialism to premillennialism. As a missionary speaker A. T. Pierson influenced Robert Elliott Speer, Samuel Zwemer, Horace Grant Underwood and John R. Mott, Nobel Peace Prize winner, to give their lives to missions.

Besides his contributions to missions, Pierson's most notable influence was due to his commitment to orthodoxy. When liberalism began sweeping through the mainline denominations, Pierson joined other concerned Christian leaders in publishing "The Fundamentals", a series of booklets designed to answer the critics of Christianity. Because of his apologetic abilities, Pierson was invited to write five of the major articles. Each booklet was distributed freely to pastors throughout America. This marked the beginning of the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy in American churches. In time, the booklets were combined into a twelve volume set of books, which are still available today in a five volume set. Since then, Pierson has often been called the "Father of Fundamentalism".

One of his most significant books was, In Christ Jesus (1898), where he came to the conclusion that this brief phrase "in Christ Jesus" a preposition followed by a proper name was the key to understanding the entire New Testament. Pierson was an advocate of day-age creationism.^[3]

After retiring, he continued to preach at churches and conferences at home and abroad. He visited Korea in 1910, taught the Bible in a few churches (Namdaemoon church), and he died in 1911. Pierson Memorial Union Bible Institute, present Pyeongtaek University, was established according to the will of Dr. Arthur Tappan Pierson on October 15, 1912. Many pastors and scholars came from it. On Pierson's gravestone was a picture on an open Bible. On the Bible were engraved two verses. I John 5:11 "God hath given to us eternal life, and this life is in His Son." Matthew 28:19 "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost."

 

• Congregational Church at Winsted, Connecticut, in the summers of 1859 and 1869
• Binghamton, New York (1860–1863)
• Waterford, New York (1863–69)
• Fort Street Presbyterian Church, Detroit (1869–82)
• Indianapolis, Indiana (1882–83)
• Bethany Collegiate Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia (1883,89)
• Metropolitan Tabernacle, London (1891–93)
• Christ Church, London (1902–03).

• McIver, Thomas Allen (1989). Creationism: Intellectual Origins, Cultural Context, and Theoretical Diversity (PDF) (Dissertation). University of California, Los Angeles.
• Pierson, Delavan Leonard (1912). Arthur T. Pierson: a biography. London: J. Nisbet.
• Robert, Dana L. (2003). Occupy Until I Come: A. T. Pierson and the Evangelization of the World (Library of Religious Biography). Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0780-1.

 

Wikisource has original works by or about:
Arthur Tappan Pierson

• Works by Arthur Tappan Pierson at Project Gutenberg
• Works by or about Arthur Tappan Pierson at the Internet Archive
• Works by Arthur Tappan Pierson at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)  
• Reformed Reader article
• The Arthur Tappan and Delavan Leonard Pierson Manuscript Collection Princeton Theological Seminary
• A. T. Pierson in Christian Biography Resources
• A. T. Pierson mission theorist and promoter, Boston University
• Arthur T. Pierson's illustriousheritage by Dan Graves