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Arapahoe County, Colorado

(Redirected from Arapahoe County, Colorado Territory)

Arapahoe County (/əˈræpəhoʊ/ ə-RAP-ə-hoh) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, its population was 655,070,[1] making it the third-most populous county in Colorado. The county seat is Littleton,[3] and the most populous city is Aurora. The county was named for the Arapaho Native American tribe, who once lived in the region.[2]

Arapahoe County
County
Little Dry Creek in Englewood
Little Dry Creek in Englewood
Flag of Arapahoe County
Flag
Official logo of Arapahoe County
Logo
Map of Colorado highlighting Arapahoe County
Location within the U.S. state of Colorado
Map of the United States highlighting Colorado
Colorado's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°38′N 104°20′W / 39.64°N 104.33°W / 39.64; -104.33
Country United States
State Colorado
FoundedNovember 1, 1861
Named forThe Arapaho Nation[2]
SeatLittleton
Largest cityAurora
Area
 • Total805 sq mi (2,080 km2)
 • Land798 sq mi (2,070 km2)
 • Water7.3 sq mi (19 km2)  0.9%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total655,070 (3rd)[1]
 • Density821/sq mi (317/km2)
Time zoneUTC−7 (Mountain)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
Congressional districts1st, 4th, 6th
Websitewww.arapahoegov.com

Arapahoe County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood metropolitan statistical area. Arapahoe County calls itself "Colorado's First County", since its origins antedate the Pike's Peak Gold Rush.

History

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On August 25, 1855, the Kansas Territorial Legislature created a huge Arapahoe County to govern the entire western portion of the Territory of Kansas. The county was named for the Arapaho Nation, who lived in the region.[2]

In July 1858, gold was discovered along the South Platte River in Arapahoe County (in present-day Englewood). This discovery precipitated the Pike's Peak Gold Rush. Many residents of the mining region felt disconnected from the remote territorial governments of Kansas and Nebraska, so they voted to form their own Territory of Jefferson on October 24, 1859. The following month, the Jefferson Territorial Legislature organized 12 counties for the new territory, including a smaller Arapahoe County. Denver City served as the county seat of Arapahoe County.

The Jefferson Territory never received federal sanction, and when the State of Kansas was admitted to the Union on January 29, 1861, the mining regions temporarily reverted to unorganized territory. On February 28, 1861, Congress passed an act organizing the Territory of Colorado, using present-day borders.[4] On November 1, 1861, the Colorado Territorial Assembly organized the 17 original counties of Colorado, including a new Arapahoe County. Arapahoe County originally stretched from the line of present-day Sheridan Boulevard 160 miles (260 km) east to the Kansas border, and from the line of present-day County Line Road 30 miles (48 km) north to the 40th parallel north (168th Avenue). Denver City served as the county seat of Arapahoe County until 1902.

In 1901, the Colorado General Assembly voted to split Arapahoe County into three parts - a new consolidated City and County of Denver, a new Adams County, and the remainder of the Arapahoe County to be renamed South Arapahoe County. A ruling by the Colorado Supreme Court, subsequent legislation, and a referendum delayed the reorganization until November 15, 1902. Governor James Bradley Orman designated Littleton as the temporary county seat of South Arapahoe County. On April 11, 1903, the Colorado General Assembly changed the name of South Arapahoe County back to Arapahoe County. On November 8, 1904, Arapahoe County voters chose Littleton over Englewood by a vote of 1310 to 829 to be the permanent county seat.

Geography

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The contemporary Arapahoe County Courthouse is in Dove Valley.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 805 square miles (2,080 km2), of which 798 square miles (2,070 km2) are land and 7.3 square miles (19 km2) (0.9%) are covered by water.[5] The county measures 72 mi (116 km) east-west and 4 to 12 mi (6.4 to 19.3 km) north-south.

Two exclaves of Arapahoe County are entirely surrounded by the City and County of Denver, the City of Glendale, and the Holly Hills neighborhood, a census-designated place.

Adjacent counties

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Major highways

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State park

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Historic trails

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Recreation trails

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18706,829—
188038,644465.9%
1890132,135241.9%
1900153,01715.8%
191010,263−93.3%
192013,76634.1%
193022,64764.5%
194032,15042.0%
195052,12562.1%
1960113,426117.6%
1970162,14242.9%
1980293,62181.1%
1990391,51133.3%
2000487,96724.6%
2010572,00317.2%
2020655,07014.5%
2023 (est.)656,061[6]0.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010-2020[1]

As of the census of 2000, 487,967 people, 190,909 households, and 125,809 families were residing in the county. The population density was 608 people/sq mi (235 people/km2). The 196,835 housing units averaged 245 per square mile (95/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 79.93% White, 7.67% African American, 0.66% Native American, 3.95% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 4.51% from other races, and 3.16% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race made up 11.81% of the population.

Of the 190,909 households, 34.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.20% were married couples living together, 10.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.10% were not families. About 27.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53, and the average family size was 3.11.

In the county, the age distribution was 26.70% under 18, 8.60% from 18 to 24, 33.10% from 25 to 44, 23.00% from 45 to 64, and 8.60% who were 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.20 males.

The median income for a household was $53,570, and for a family was $63,875. Males had a median income of $41,601 versus $31,612 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,147. About 4.20% of families and 5.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.00% of those under age 18 and 5.10% of those age 65 or over.

Education

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K-12 Education

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Arapahoe County is home to nine public school districts: Aurora, Bennett, Byers, Cherry Creek, Deer Trail, Englewood, Littleton, Sheridan, and Strasburg.[11]

In the 2023-2024 school year, Cherry Creek and Littleton were ranked the #5 and #6 school districts in Colorado, by Niche.com respectively.[12] In addition, Cherry Creek High School in Greenwood Village was ranked the #2 public high school in Colorado, while Grandview High School in Aurora was ranked #6.[13]

There are also several private schools throughout the county, including St. Mary's Academy in Cherry Hills Village, Regis Jesuit High School in Aurora, and Kent Denver School in Englewood, the latter of which was ranked Colorado's #1 high school.[14]

Higher Education

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Arapahoe County is home to two large community colleges: Arapahoe Community College in Littleton, and the Community College of Aurora. The county is also home to the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and the Denver South campus of Colorado Technical University, both located in Aurora.

Politics

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Arapahoe County was once extremely conservative. In the 1924 Colorado gubernatorial election, Republican Clarence Morley, who was openly affiliated with the Ku Klux Klan, won over 66% of the vote in Arapahoe County, a higher percentage than he received in any other county in Colorado.[15] In addition, the county for many years was represented in congress by Republican Tom Tancredo, a hardcore conservative known for his controversial anti-immigration, anti-Catholic, and nativist political beliefs.[16][17]

As the Denver Metro Area grew in the 1960s and beyond, Arapahoe County became a classic bastion of suburban conservatism throughout the 1980s. However, heavy urbanization, demographic changes and population increases - such as the rapid diversification of Aurora's population and younger professionals in the southern suburbs - have caused the county to become much more competitive since the 1990s, eventually changing it to more of a Democratic-leaning suburban swing county. In 2008, the county swung over dramatically to support Barack Obama, who became the first Democrat to carry it since 1964, and only the second since 1936. It swung from a four-point win for George W. Bush in 2004 to a 13-point win for Obama in 2008. It voted for Obama by a similar margin in 2012, and provided much of Hillary Clinton's statewide margin in 2016 as Donald Trump failed to win even 40 percent of the vote in one of the worst showings for a Republican in the county's history, with the Democrats carrying the former Tech Center area Republican strongholds of Centennial and Littleton. In the 2020 election, Joe Biden became the first Democrat to carry the county with over 60% of the vote since 1916, winning both Aurora by lopsided margins and the southern parts of the county by nearly 20 points.[18][19]

United States presidential election results for Arapahoe County, Colorado[20][21]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 127,323 36.36% 213,607 61.00% 9,253 2.64%
2016 117,053 38.63% 159,885 52.76% 26,110 8.62%
2012 125,588 43.99% 153,905 53.90% 6,023 2.11%
2008 113,868 42.78% 148,224 55.69% 4,064 1.53%
2004 119,475 51.42% 110,262 47.45% 2,628 1.13%
2000 97,768 51.47% 82,614 43.49% 9,560 5.03%
1996 82,778 50.79% 68,306 41.91% 11,912 7.31%
1992 72,221 39.26% 66,607 36.21% 45,107 24.52%
1988 95,926 60.24% 61,113 38.38% 2,206 1.39%
1984 107,556 71.92% 39,891 26.67% 2,107 1.41%
1980 79,594 62.19% 30,148 23.56% 18,238 14.25%
1976 63,154 63.45% 33,685 33.85% 2,687 2.70%
1972 52,283 72.24% 18,631 25.74% 1,462 2.02%
1968 33,712 59.65% 18,569 32.85% 4,238 7.50%
1964 23,071 44.92% 27,940 54.40% 347 0.68%
1960 26,379 60.07% 17,400 39.62% 137 0.31%
1956 19,716 63.11% 11,351 36.33% 176 0.56%
1952 15,402 60.32% 9,843 38.55% 289 1.13%
1948 7,943 52.67% 6,962 46.17% 175 1.16%
1944 9,057 54.52% 7,485 45.06% 69 0.42%
1940 7,988 50.89% 7,571 48.24% 137 0.87%
1936 4,272 38.24% 6,489 58.09% 410 3.67%
1932 4,287 40.28% 5,796 54.46% 559 5.25%
1928 6,086 70.29% 2,463 28.44% 110 1.27%
1924 4,267 64.23% 1,209 18.20% 1,167 17.57%
1920 2,930 59.80% 1,752 35.76% 218 4.45%
1916 1,443 33.91% 2,652 62.33% 160 3.76%
1912 765 20.15% 1,379 36.33% 1,652 43.52%
1908 1,514 50.50% 1,340 44.70% 144 4.80%
1904 1,351 62.93% 717 33.40% 79 3.68%
1900 25,469 42.11% 33,754 55.81% 1,260 2.08%
1896 6,057 12.33% 42,521 86.54% 556 1.13%
1892 11,331 48.11% 0 0.00% 12,222 51.89%
1888 11,541 56.55% 8,320 40.77% 547 2.68%
1884 7,133 54.17% 5,310 40.33% 725 5.51%
1880 4,214 53.36% 3,582 45.35% 102 1.29%

Communities

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Cities

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Towns

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Census-designated places

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Former census-designated places

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 27.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  4. ^ "An Act to provide a temporary Government for the Territory of Colorado" (PDF). Thirty-sixth United States Congress. February 28, 1861. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 26, 2007. Retrieved November 26, 2007.
  5. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  6. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
  7. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  8. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  9. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  10. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  11. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Arapahoe County, CO" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 1, 2024. - Text list
  12. ^ "2024 Best School Districts in Colorado".
  13. ^ "Compare Public Schools in Colorado". Niche.
  14. ^ "2024 Best High Schools in Colorado". Niche.
  15. ^ "Our Campaigns - CO Governor Race - Nov 04, 1924". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
  16. ^ Post, Anne C. Mulkern | The Denver (April 17, 2008). "Tancredo slams pope on immigration". The Denver Post. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
  17. ^ Rosa, Erin (August 8, 2006). "Tancredo Vs. Catholics?". The Colorado Independent. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
  18. ^ Mason, Kara (March 13, 2020). "LEFT TURN: Aurora, area suburbs veering left politically". Aurora Sentinel. Associated Press. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
  19. ^ Park, Alice (February 2, 2021). "2020 Elections Map". New York Times. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  20. ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". Retrieved June 11, 2011.
  21. ^ There were 1,344 votes for the leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, followed by 267 votes for Socialist Eugene Debs, 40 votes for Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin, and 1 vote for Socialist Labor candidate Arthur E. Reimer.
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39°38′N 104°20′W / 39.64°N 104.33°W / 39.64; -104.33

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