Parliamentary elections were held in Yugoslavia on 11 December 1938.[1] The result was a victory for the governing Yugoslav Radical Union, which won 306 of the 373 seats in National Assembly.
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All 373 seats in the National Assembly 187 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Most voted-for list by banovina | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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These would be the last elections held in Yugoslavia before World War II. By the time of the first postwar elections, in 1945, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia was rapidly consolidating power, and the non-Communist opposition boycotted the vote after claiming to have been targeted with severe intimidation.[2] As a result, the 1938 elections would be the last multi-party elections held in Yugoslavia until the Communists gave up their monopoly of power in 1990.[3]
Coalitions
editThe Yugoslav Radical Union (JRZ, Jereza) led by PM Milan Stojadinović, formed a right-wing to far-right alliance with:
- Yugoslav National Party led by Bogoljub Jevtić,
- Yugoslav Muslim Organization led by Mehmed Spaho,
- Slovene People's Party led by Anton Korošec and
- People's Radical Party led by Aca Stanojević, which later leaves the alliance in favor of the United Opposition.
The United Opposition alliance consisted of:
Results
edit| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yugoslav Radical Union | 1,643,783 | 54.09 | 306 | +3 | |
| United Opposition | 1,364,524 | 44.90 | 67 | 0 | |
| Yugoslav National Movement | 30,734 | 1.01 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 3,039,041 | 100.00 | 373 | +3 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 4,080,286 | – | |||
| Source: Nohlen et al. | |||||
Aftermath
editAlthough the United Opposition, de facto led by the Croatian Peasant Party leader Maček, had attracted 44.9% of the vote, due to the electoral rules by which the government parties received 40% of the seats in the National Assembly before votes were counted, the opposition vote only translated into 67 seats out of a total of 373. Milan Stojadinović second cabinet collapsed in February 1939, due to his pro-Axis policy. He was replaced by Dragiša Cvetković as Prime Minister and de jure JRZ leader. The Cvetković–Maček Cabinet was concluded in August 1939 establishing autonomous Banovina of Croatia. Maček became the Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia and several members of the United Opposition were added to the new cabinet.[4]
Following the Cvetković government sign Yugoslav accession to the Tripartite Pact in March 1941, there was a faction led by the commander of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force (VVKJ), General Dušan Simović, that successfully realized a pro-Allied coup.[5]
Sources
edit- Onslow, Sue (March 2005). "Britain and the Belgrade Coup of 27 March 1941 Revisited" (PDF). Electronic Journal of International History (8). University of London: 359–370. ISSN 1471-1443.
- Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34656-8.
References
edit- ^ Dieter Nohlen, Dolf Sternberger, Bernhard Vogel, Klaus Landfried (1969) Die Wahl der Parlamente und andere Staatsorgane, Walter de Gruyter, p784
- ^ "Elections In Yugoslavia", The Times, 9 November 1945
- ^ Rome Tempest (January 23, 1990). "Communists in Yugoslavia Split Into Factions". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Ramet 2006, p. 104.
- ^ Onslow 2005, p. 37.
External links
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