Nhill
| Nhill Victoria | |||||||||||||||
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 Main street of Nhill, December 2022 | |||||||||||||||
  Nhill | |||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 36°20′0″S 141°39′0″E / 36.33333°S 141.65000°E | ||||||||||||||
| Population | 1,749 (2016 census)[1] | ||||||||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 3418 | ||||||||||||||
| Elevation | 133.0 m (436 ft)[2] | ||||||||||||||
| Location | |||||||||||||||
| LGA(s) | Shire of Hindmarsh | ||||||||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Lowan | ||||||||||||||
| Federal division(s) | Mallee | ||||||||||||||
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| Footnotes | Adjoining localities[3][4] | ||||||||||||||
Nhill is a town in the Wimmera, in western Victoria, Australia. Nhill is located on the Western Highway, halfway between Adelaide and Melbourne. At the 2016 census, Nhill had a population of 1,749.[1] "Nhill" is believed to be a Wergaia word meaning "early morning mist rising over water"[5] or "white mist rising from the water".[6]
Nhill is the administrative headquarters for Shire of Hindmarsh[7] and residents are mainly employed in either farming or food processing, most notably in grain and fowl.
The town is home to a community of Karen people, the first of whom came to Australia as refugees, and who settled in Nhill in the early 2010s to work at the Luv-a-Duck food processing facility. In 2012, there were over 100 Karen residents in Nhill.[8]
History
[edit]The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Nhill sits are the Wotjobaluk, Jaadwa, Jadawadjali, Wergaia and Jupagik Nations.[9] These Nations are represented by the Barengi Gadjin Land Council Aboriginal Corporation.[10]
The area has been home to the Aboriginal people for thousands of years and was first visited by Europeans in 1845. The famous Aboriginal tracker and cricketer, Dick-a-Dick, later claimed to have been present at the first meeting between the Wotjobaluk and Europeans.[6] Brothers Frank and John Oliver decided to build a flour mill on Crown land beside the Dimboola-Lawloit road, the township of Nhill grew from there.[11]
Cobb and Co coaches serviced Nhill from 1883.[11] Nhill Post Office opened on 1 January 1881. An earlier rural office (1861) was replaced by Lawloit Post Office[12]
Nhill was the first Victorian town after the state capital, Melbourne, to be supplied with electricity. Electric lighting was installed by 1892.[11]
Nhill airport, located 1.9 km north-west of the town, served as a major RAAF training base during the Second World War, instructing over 10,000 aircrew in 1941-1946.[13]
Climate
[edit]Nhill has a temperate semi-arid climate bordering on a oceanic climate (Köppen: BSk), with very warm, dry summers and cool, slightly wetter winters. Average maxima vary from 29.7 °C (85.5 °F) in January to 13.7 °C (56.7 °F) in July while average minima fluctuate between 13.0 °C (55.4 °F) in February and 3.4 °C (38.1 °F) in July. Mean average annual precipitation is low 412.9 mm (16.26 in), and is spread between 101.8 precipitation days. There are 90.5 clear days and 119.7 cloudy days annually. Extreme temperatures have ranged from 45.9 °C (114.6 °F) on 13 January 1939 to −7.2 °C (19.0 °F) on 16 August 1905.[14]
| Climate data for Nhill (36°20′S 141°38′E / 36.33°S 141.64°E, 133 m AMSL) (1883-2008 normals & extremes) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 45.9 (114.6) |
45.7 (114.3) |
41.9 (107.4) |
36.8 (98.2) |
30.6 (87.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
28.2 (82.8) |
34.4 (93.9) |
37.9 (100.2) |
42.8 (109.0) |
45.0 (113.0) |
45.9 (114.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.7 (85.5) |
29.5 (85.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
17.4 (63.3) |
14.3 (57.7) |
13.7 (56.7) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.8 (64.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
24.9 (76.8) |
27.9 (82.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.9 (55.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
6.0 (42.8) |
4.2 (39.6) |
3.4 (38.1) |
4.1 (39.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
7.0 (44.6) |
9.4 (48.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22.0 (0.87) |
22.7 (0.89) |
21.2 (0.83) |
28.4 (1.12) |
40.2 (1.58) |
45.8 (1.80) |
45.4 (1.79) |
47.3 (1.86) |
43.3 (1.70) |
40.2 (1.58) |
29.7 (1.17) |
26.4 (1.04) |
412.9 (16.26) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 4.0 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 6.7 | 9.9 | 12.1 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 11.8 | 9.7 | 6.8 | 5.5 | 101.8 |
| Average afternoon relative humidity (%) | 30 | 32 | 36 | 45 | 57 | 65 | 64 | 60 | 54 | 45 | 38 | 33 | 47 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 7.1 (44.8) |
7.8 (46.0) |
7.7 (45.9) |
7.0 (44.6) |
7.2 (45.0) |
6.7 (44.1) |
5.9 (42.6) |
5.7 (42.3) |
6.2 (43.2) |
6.0 (42.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
6.2 (43.2) |
6.6 (43.9) |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology (1883-2008 normals & extremes)[2] | |||||||||||||
Nhill Airport is located 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of Nhill, and has available climate data since 2003.
| Climate data for Nhill Airport (36°19′S 141°39′E / 36.31°S 141.65°E, 139 m AMSL) (2003-2024 normals & extremes) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 45.3 (113.5) |
47.1 (116.8) |
41.2 (106.2) |
36.8 (98.2) |
27.9 (82.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
22.4 (72.3) |
27.2 (81.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
42.4 (108.3) |
47.1 (116.8) |
47.1 (116.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.3 (88.3) |
30.3 (86.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
22.5 (72.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
14.5 (58.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
15.5 (59.9) |
18.4 (65.1) |
22.3 (72.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
28.9 (84.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
11.7 (53.1) |
9.0 (48.2) |
6.7 (44.1) |
4.8 (40.6) |
4.4 (39.9) |
4.8 (40.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
10.2 (50.4) |
12.2 (54.0) |
8.7 (47.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) |
4.5 (40.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
1.3 (34.3) |
3.4 (38.1) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29.1 (1.15) |
14.4 (0.57) |
15.2 (0.60) |
20.8 (0.82) |
30.0 (1.18) |
39.2 (1.54) |
35.1 (1.38) |
43.1 (1.70) |
32.5 (1.28) |
34.7 (1.37) |
33.2 (1.31) |
28.5 (1.12) |
357.6 (14.08) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 4.8 | 3.9 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 12.0 | 15.6 | 17.8 | 16.5 | 13.5 | 9.2 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 119.1 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology (2003-2024 normals & extremes)[15] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit]As of the 2016 census, 1,749 people resided in Nhill. The median age of persons in Nhill was 48 years.[1] Children aged 0–14 years made up 14.5% of the population.[1] People over the age of 65 years made up 29.7% of the population[1] There were slightly more females than males with 52.1% of the population female and 47.9% male.[1] The average household size is 2.2 persons per household.[1] The average number of children per family for families with children is 1.9.[1]
80.3% of people in Nhill were born in Australia.[1] Of all persons living in Nhill, 1.3% (22 persons) were Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people.[1] This is higher than for the state of Victoria (0.8%) and lower than the national average (2.8%).[1] The most common ancestries in Nhill were English 31.5%, Australian 29.6%, German 10.2%, Scottish 6.7% and Karen 5.4%.[1]
The 2016 Australian census listed the main religions in Nhill as Uniting Church 21.8%, Anglican 14.6% and Catholic 11.1%, Lutheran 10.5%. 20.4% recorded "no religion".[1]
Industry and facilities
[edit]The major employer in the town is Luv-a-Duck—a duck meat grower and processor—and associated businesses. Tourism is another local industry; Nhill services the highway traffic passing through. Nhill is recognised by the transport industry as the halfway point by road between Melbourne and Adelaide. Transport companies use Nhill as their 'changeover' point. Nhill railway station is serviced by The Overland that stops three times a week. Air services are at Nhill Airport. Bus services are provided by V/Line and Firefly several times daily.
Nhill has three hotels; the Commercial Hotel, the Farmers Arms Hotel and the Union Hotel. Nhill has a caravan park and a number of motels.
Nhill has a Lutheran Primary school, a Catholic Primary School and a P-12 public school.
Events and attractions
[edit]The Nhill Show is held each year on the second Thursday of October. It includes rides, farm animals, rural Australian farm machinery, horse riding show, art competitions, cooking competitions, photo competitions and at the closing of the Show there is a fireworks display. Up until 2012 Nhill hosted a "Duck & Jazz Festival" in mid February.
The release of the film Road to Nhill in 1997 briefly placed Nhill in the national spotlight. An earlier film, 1985's Wrong World, also centres on a road trip to Nhill.
The Nhill Aviation Heritage Centre is located at nearby historical Nhill airport. Included in its displays is a rare Avro Anson aircraft undergoing restoration. In April 2018, it also acquired a rare Wirraway aeroplane, to much public support and fanfare.
The Australian Pinball Museum is located at the eastern side of Nhill adjacent to an old "Route 66"-esque motel.[16] Included in its displays of rare pinball related artwork and memorabilia is the largest selection of pinball machines available to play in Australia.[17]
Sport
[edit]Nhill has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Wimmera Football League. Nhill is also the base of the Cricket competition known as the West Wimmera Cricket Association. Nhill & Districts sporting club which includes football, netball, hockey and cricket. Also it has a Tennis club and Pony Club. Nhill has a golf course at the Nhill Golf Club on Netherby Road.[18]
Nhill was the birthplace of Masters Australian football (a.k.a. "Superules").[citation needed]
The horse racing club, the Wimmera Racing Club, holds the Nhill Cup meeting on Boxing Day (26 December).[19]
Notable people
[edit]The indigenous cricketer Dick-a-Dick was born near Nhill about 1834.[20]
Nhill is the hometown of former Australian rules football player Jason McCartney,[21] who suffered severe injuries during the 2002 Bali terrorist bombing, and later recovered enough to make a comeback to the sport.
Nhill is the birthplace of Janet Powell,[22] leader of the Australian Democrats between 1990 and 1991; and Senator for Victoria between 1986 and 1993.
Nhill is the birthplace of David Leyonhjelm, former NSW senator of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Former Essendon footballers David Flood and Dean Wallis are from Nhill.[23]
Nhill is the hometown of Lucy Stephan,[24] a rower who has represented Australia, winning a bronze medal in the Women’s Four event at the 2013 Rowing World Championships in Korea and won Gold at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in the Women's Coxless Four.[25][26]
Other references
[edit]Media
[edit]The town is indirectly referenced in the 1997 film Road to Nhill.
Mars
[edit]The name Nhill has been used for a crater on the planet Mars. The name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1991, commemorating a "Town in Victoria, Australia".[27][28]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Nhill (Urban Centre)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
- ^ a b c d e "Nhill Climate Statistics (1883-2008)". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
- ^ "Shire of Hindmarsh, Locality (Suburb)Names and Boundaries" (PDF). Locality names and boundary maps. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, State Government of Victoria. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
- ^ "West Wimmera Shire, Town and Rural District Names and Boundaries" (PDF). Locality names and boundary maps. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, State Government of Victoria. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
- ^ "Hindmarsh Planning Scheme" (PDF). Retrieved 24 January 2009.
- ^ a b The Horsham Times, "The discovery of Nhill", 2 June 1944, p. 4.
- ^ "Contact Us". Hindmarsh Shire Council. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
- ^ O'Connor, Ted (20 April 2012). "Housing hassles for Nhill's Karen community". Wimmera Mail-Times. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
- ^ "Map of formally recognised traditional owners". Aboriginal Victoria. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
- ^ "Welcome to Barengi Gadjin Land Council". Barengi Gadjin Land Council. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
- ^ a b c Bound, Frank (1980), Nhill's Fabulous Century, Maryborough, Vic: Hedges & Bell Pty. Ltd, ISBN 0-9594744-0-4
- ^ Phoenix Auctions History, Post Office List, retrieved 22 March 2021
- ^ "Royal Australian Air Force Base Nhill Memorial". Monument Australia.
- ^ "Nhill Climate (1883-2008)". FarmOnline Weather. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
- ^ "Nhill Aerodrome Climate Statistics (2003-2024)". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
- ^ "Australian Pinball Museum Official Website". Australian Pinball Museum Official Website.
- ^ "Father and son unveil what could just be one of the Australia's most unique collections". Herald Sun. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ^ Golf Select, Nhill, retrieved 11 May 2009
- ^ Country Racing Victoria, Wimmera Racing at Nhill, retrieved 7 May 2009
- ^ "The discovery of Nhill", in The Horsham Times dated 2 June 1944, p. 4
- ^ "Civics - Jason McCartney". Curriculum Corporation. 14 June 2005.
- ^ "Biography for POWELL, Janet Frances". ParlInfo.
- ^ The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers
- ^ "Athlete profile: Lucy Stephan". www.rowingaustralia.com.au. Archived from the original on 25 September 2013.
- ^ "2013 World Rowing Championships: (W4-) Women's Four - Final". worldrowing.com.
- ^ Gleeson, Michael (28 July 2021). "'You couldn't row because of the drought': Australian women make history in forgotten event". The Age. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
- ^ "Planetary Names: Categories for Naming Features on Planets and Satellites". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov.
- ^ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature - Nhill on Mars". International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
External links
[edit]
Localities in the Shire of Hindmarsh | ||
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^ - Territory divided with another LGA | ||