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List of premiers of the Republic of China

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the premiers of the Republic of China since 1912. The Republic of China before 1949 controlled mainland China as well as offshore islands. The Republic of China since 1949 has only controlled Taiwan and nearby islands. The current Republic of China is usually known as Taiwan. In the country's history, the official title of the head of government has changed over time.

Year Chinese Mandarin
Pinyin
Taiwanese
Pe̍h-ōe-jī
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ
1912–1914, 1916–1928 國務總理 Guówù Zǒnglǐ Kok-bū Chóng-lí Koet-vu Chúng-lî
1914–1916 政事堂國務卿 Zhèngshìtáng Guówùqīng Chèng-sū-tông Kok-bū-khing Chṳn-sṳ-thòng Koet-vu-khîn
1928–present 行政院院長 Xíngzhèng Yuàn Yuànzhǎng Hêng-chèng Īⁿ Īⁿ-tiúⁿ Hàng-chṳn Yen Yen-tshòng

Premiers, also known as Presidents of the Executive Yuan, are appointed by the Presidents of the Republic of China, but some premiers were even more powerful than the presidents, during the early age of the Republic of China. Some presidents were even expelled by the premiers they appointed. The title of premier in China was changed several times, so this list is divided into several sections.

List

[edit]

  Independent   Beiyang clique, etc.   Progressive   Communications   Kuomintang (Nationalist)   Democratic Progressive

Premiers of the Cabinet (1912–1914)

[edit]
  • Period: 13 March 1912 – 1 May 1914

According to the Provisional Constitution of Republic of China, which was passed in 1912, the leader of the majority party or the majority coalition should be appointed premier by the president.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
1 Tang Shaoyi
唐紹儀
(1862–1938)
13 March 1912 27 June 1912 Tang S. I Independent Provisional
(1912)

Yuan Shikai
(Beiyang clique)
106 days
2 Lu Zhengxiang
陸徵祥
Lù Zhēngxiáng
(1871–1949)
29 June 1912 22 September 1912 Lu I Independent
85 days
3 Zhao Bingjun
趙秉鈞
(1859–1914)
25 September 1912 16 July 1913 Zhao Independent
1st (1912)
294 days
Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
acting
19 July 1913 31 July 1913 Duan Provisional Beiyang clique
12 days
4 Xiong Xiling
熊希齡
(1870–1937)
31 July 1913 12 February 1914 Xiong Independent
196 days
Sun Baoqi
孫寶琦
(1867–1931)
acting
12 February 1914 1 May 1914 Sun B. Provisional Independent
78 days

Secretaries of State (1914–1916)

[edit]
  • Period: 1 May 1914 – 21 December 1915; 22 March 1916 – 29 June 1916
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
5 Xu Shichang
徐世昌
(1855–1939)
1 May 1914 21 December 1915 Xu S.-C. I Beiyang clique 1st (1912)
Yuan Shikai
(Beiyang clique)
1 year, 234 days
(2) Lu Zhengxiang
陸徵祥
Lù Zhēngxiáng
(1871–1949)
22 December 1915 22 March 1916 Lu II Independent
91 days
(5) Xu Shichang
徐世昌
(1855–1939)
22 March 1916 22 April 1916 Xu S.-C. II Beiyang clique
31 days
6 Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
22 April 1916 29 June 1916 Duan I Beiyang clique

Li Yuanhong
(Progressive Party)
68 days

Premiers of the State Council (1916–1928)

[edit]
  • Period: 29 June 1916 – 3 June 1928
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
(6) Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
29 June 1916 23 May 1917 Duan I Reshuffled Beiyang clique 1st (1912)
Li Yuanhong
(Progressive Party)
328 days
Wu Tingfang
伍廷芳
(1842–1922)
acting
23 May 1917 12 June 1917 Wu T. Provisional Independent
20 days
Jiang Chaozong
江朝宗
(1861–1943)
acting
12 June 1917 24 June 1917 Jiang C. Provisional Beiyang clique
12 days
7 Li Jingxi
李經羲
(1857–1925)
25 June 1917 2 July 1917 Li Independent
8 days
During this interval, Zhang Xun was the prime minister of the Restored Qing Imperial Government.
(6) Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
14 July 1917 22 November 1917 Duan II Anhui clique
Feng Guozhang
(Zhili clique)
acting
131 days
Wang Daxie
汪大燮
(1859–1929)
acting
22 November 1917 30 November 1917 Independent
8 days
8 Wang Shizhen
王士珍
(1861–1930)
30 November 1917 23 March 1918 Wang S. Zhili clique
113 days
(6) Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
23 March 1918 10 October 1918 Duan III Anhui clique 2nd (1918)
201 days
Qian Nengxun
錢能訓
(1869–1924)
10 October 1918 20 December 1918 Qian Provisional Independent
Xu Shichang
(Anhui clique)
71 days
9 20 December 1918 13 June 1919 Qian
175 days
Gong Xinzhan
龔心湛
(1871–1943)
acting
13 June 1919 24 September 1919 Gong Provisional Independent
103 days
Jin Yunpeng
靳雲鵬
(1877–1951)
24 September 1919 5 November 1919 Jin Provisional Anhui clique
42 days
10 5 November 1919 14 May 1920 Jin I
191 days
Sa Zhenbing
薩鎮冰
(1859–1952)
acting
2 July 1920 9 August 1920 Sa Provisional Independent
38 days
(10) Jin Yunpeng
靳雲鵬
(1877–1951)
9 August 1920 14 May 1921 Jin II Anhui clique
278 days
14 May 1921 18 December 1921 Jin III
218 days
Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
acting
18 December 1921 24 December 1921 Yan H. Provisional Independent
6 days
11 Liang Shiyi
梁士詒
(1869–1933)
24 December 1921 8 April 1922 Liang Communications Clique
105 days
Zhou Ziqi
周自齊
(1869–1923)
acting
8 April 1922 11 June 1922 Zhou Provisional Communications Clique
65 days
12 Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
12 June 1922 5 August 1922 Yan H. I Independent
Li Yuanhong
(Research Clique)
54 days
(1) Tang Shaoyi
唐紹儀
(1862–1938)
5 August 1922 19 September 1922 Tang S. II Independent
45 days
13 Wang Chonghui
王寵惠
(1881–1958)
19 September 1922 29 November 1922 Wang C. Independent
71 days
14 Wang Daxie
汪大燮
(1859–1929)
29 November 1922 11 December 1922 Wang D. Independent
12 days
Wang Zhengting
王正廷
(1882–1961)
acting
11 December 1922 4 January 1923 Wang Z. Provisional Independent
24 days
15 Zhang Shaozeng
張紹曾
(1879–1928)
4 January 1923 13 June 1923 Zhang Independent
160 days
Gao Lingwei
高凌霨
(1870–1940)
acting
14 June 1923 12 October 1923 Gao Acting Zhili clique
120 days
12 October 1923 12 January 1924 Gao Provisional 1st (1912)
Cao Kun
(Zhili clique)
92 days
16 Sun Baoqi
孫寶琦
(1867–1931)
12 January 1924 2 July 1924 Sun B. Independent
172 days
V. S. Wellington Koo
顧維鈞
Gù Wéijūn
(1888–1985)
acting
2 July 1924 14 September 1924 Koo Provisional Independent
74 days
(12) Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
14 September 1924 31 October 1924 Yan H. II Independent
47 days
Huang Fu
黃郛
(1880–1936)
acting
31 October 1924 24 November 1924 Huang Provisional Independent
24 days
The premiership was abolished from 25 November 1924 to 26 December 1925.
Duan Qirui
(Anhui clique)
17 Xu Shiying
許世英
(1873–1964)
26 December 1925 4 March 1926 Xu S.-Y. Anhui clique Dissolved
68 days
18 Jia Deyao
賈德耀
(1880–1941)
4 March 1926 20 April 1926 Jia Anhui clique
47 days
Hu Weide
胡惟德
(1863–1933)
acting
20 April 1926 13 May 1926 Hu Provisional Acting Zhili clique Premier as
acting President
23 days
Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
acting
13 May 1926 22 June 1926 Yan H. Acting Independent
40 days
Du Xigui
杜錫珪
(1874–1933)
acting
22 June 1926 1 October 1926 Du Provisional Acting Zhili clique
101 days
V. S. Wellington Koo
顧維鈞
Gù Wéijūn
(1888–1985)
1 October 1926 11 January 1927 Koo Provisional Acting Independent
102 days
19 11 January 1927 16 June 1927 Koo Acting
156 days
20 Pan Fu
潘復
(1883–1936)
20 June 1927 3 June 1928 Pan Independent
Zhang Zuolin
(Fengtian clique)
349 days

Presidents of the Executive Yuan of the National Government (1928–1948)

[edit]
Period: 25 October 1928 – 24 May 1948

When Chiang Kai-shek established the Nanking Nationalist government in 1928, he created a presidency for the Executive Yuan instead of a premiership, in order to show the difference between his government and the previous one in Peking (then renamed Beiping). This government moved to Chongqing during the Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and during the Chinese Civil War relocated to Taipei where it exists today.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Chairman
21 Tan Yankai
譚延闓[1]
Tán Yánkǎi
(1880–1930)
25 October 1928 22 September 1930 Tan Kuomintang

Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
1 year, 332 days
Soong Tse-ven
(T.V. Soong)

宋子文
Sòng Zǐwén
(1894–1971)
acting
25 September 1930 18 November 1930 Kuomintang
54 days
22 Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
18 November 1930 15 December 1931 Chiang K. I Kuomintang
1 year, 27 days
Chen Mingshu
陳銘樞
Chén Míngshū
(1889–1965)
acting
15 December 1931 28 December 1931 Kuomintang
Lin Sen
(Kuomintang)
13 days
23 Sun Fo
孫科
Sūn Kē
(1891–1973)
28 December 1931 28 January 1932 Sun F. I Kuomintang
31 days
24 Wang Jingwei
汪兆銘
Wāng Zhàomíng
(1883–1944)
28 January 1932 1 December 1935 Wang Kuomintang
3 years, 307 days
(22) Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
7 December 1935 1 January 1938 Chiang K. II Kuomintang
2 years, 25 days
25 Kung Hsiang-hsi
(H.H. Kung)

孔祥熙
Kǒng Xiángxī
(1881–1967)
1 January 1938 25 November 1939 Kung Kuomintang
1 year, 328 days
(22) Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
11 December 1939 31 May 1945 Chiang K. III Kuomintang

Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
5 years, 171 days
26 Soong Tse-ven
(T.V. Soong)

宋子文
Sòng Zǐwén
(1894–1971)
31 May 1945 1 March 1947 Soong Kuomintang
1 year, 274 days
Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
acting
1 March 1947 23 April 1947 Kuomintang
48 days
27 Zhang Qun
張群
Zhāng Qún
(1889–1990)
23 April 1947 24 May 1948 Zhang Qun Kuomintang

Presidents of the Executive Yuan (1948–present)

[edit]
  • Period: 25 May 1948 – present[2]
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
28 Weng Wenhao
翁文灝
Wēng Wénhào
(1889–1971)
25 May 1948 26 November 1948 Weng Kuomintang 1st (1948)
Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
185 days
(23) Sun Fo
孫科
Sūn Kē
(1891–1973)
26 November 1948 12 March 1949 Sun F. II Kuomintang
106 days
29 He Yingqin
何應欽
Hé Yìngqīn
(1890–1987)
12 March 1949 13 June 1949 He Kuomintang

Li Zongren
(KMT)
acting
93 days
30 Yan Xishan
閻錫山
Yán Xíshān
(1883–1960)
13 June 1949 10 March 1950 Yan X. Kuomintang

Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
270 days
31 Chen Cheng
陳誠
Chén Chéng
(1898–1965)
10 March 1950 1 June 1954 Chen C. I Kuomintang
4 years, 83 days
32 Yu Hung-Chun
俞鴻鈞
Yú Hóngjūn
(1897–1960)
1 June 1954 15 July 1958 Yu H. Kuomintang
4 years, 44 days
(31) Chen Cheng
陳誠
Chén Chéng
(1898–1965)
15 July 1958 16 December 1963 Chen C. II Kuomintang
5 years, 154 days
33 Yen Chia-kan
(C. K. Yen)

嚴家淦
Yán Jiāgàn
(1905–1993)
16 December 1963 1 June 1972 Yen Kuomintang
8 years, 168 days
34 Chiang Ching-kuo
蔣經國
Jiǎng Jīngguó
(1910–1988)
1 June 1972 20 May 1978 Chiang C. Kuomintang

Yen Chia-kan
(Kuomintang)
5 years, 353 days
Hsu Ching-chung
徐慶鐘
Xú Qìngzhōng
(1907–1996)

(acting)
20 May 1978 1 June 1978 Kuomintang
Chiang Ching-kuo
(Kuomintang)
12 days
35 Sun Yun-suan
孫運璿
Sūn Yùnxuán
(1913–2006)
1 June 1978 1 June 1984 Sun Y. Kuomintang
6 years, 0 days
36 Yu Kuo-hwa
俞國華
Yú Guóhuá
(1914–2000)
1 June 1984 1 June 1989 Yu K. Kuomintang

Lee Teng-hui
(KMT)
5 years, 0 days
37 Lee Huan
李煥
Lǐ Huàn
(1917–2010)
1 June 1989 1 June 1990 Lee Kuomintang
1 year, 0 days
38 Hau Pei-tsun
郝柏村
Hǎo Bócūn
(1919–2020)
1 June 1990 27 February 1993 Hau Kuomintang
2 years, 271 days
39 Lien Chan
連戰
Lián Zhàn
(1936–)
27 February 1993 1 September 1997 Lien Kuomintang 2nd (1992)
4 years, 186 days 3rd (1995)
40 Siew Wan-chang
(Vincent Siew)

蕭萬長
Xiāo Wàncháng
(1939–)
1 September 1997 20 May 2000 Siew Kuomintang
2 years, 262 days 4th (1998)
41 Tang Fei
唐飛
Táng Fēi
(1932–)
20 May 2000 6 October 2000 Tang F. Kuomintang[3]
Chen Shui-bian
(DPP)
139 days
42 Chang Chun-hsiung
張俊雄
Zhāng Jùnxióng
(1938–)
6 October 2000 1 February 2002 Chang C.-H. I Democratic Progressive
1 year, 118 days
43 Yu Shyi-kun
游錫堃
Yóu Xíkūn
(1948–)
1 February 2002 1 February 2005 Yu S. Democratic Progressive 5th (2001)
3 years, 0 days
44 Hsieh Chang-ting
(Frank Hsieh)

謝長廷
Xiè Chángtíng
(1946–)
1 February 2005 25 January 2006 Hsieh Democratic Progressive 6th (2004)
358 days
45 Su Tseng-chang
蘇貞昌
Sū Zhēnchāng
(1948–)
25 January 2006 21 May 2007 Su I Democratic Progressive
1 year, 116 days
(42) Chang Chun-hsiung
張俊雄
Zhāng Jùnxióng
(1938–)
21 May 2007 20 May 2008 Chang C.-H. II Democratic Progressive
365 days 7th (2008)
46 Liu Chao-shiuan
劉兆玄
Liú Zhàoxuán
(1943–)
20 May 2008 10 September 2009 Liu Kuomintang
Ma Ying-jeou
(Kuomintang)
1 year, 113 days
47 Wu Den-yih
吳敦義
Wú Dūnyì
(1948–)
10 September 2009 6 February 2012 Wu D. Kuomintang
2 years, 149 days
48 Chen Chun
(Sean Chen)

陳冲
Chén Chōng
(1949–)
6 February 2012 18 February 2013 S. Chen Kuomintang 8th (2012)
1 year, 12 days
49 Jiang Yi-huah
江宜樺
Jiāng Yīhuá
(1960–)
18 February 2013 8 December 2014 Jiang Kuomintang
1 year, 293 days
50 Mao Chi-kuo
毛治國
Máo Zhìguó
(1948–)
8 December 2014 1 February 2016 Mao Kuomintang
1 year, 55 days
51 Chang San-cheng
(Simon Chang)

張善政
Zhāng Shànzhèng
(1954–)
1 February 2016 20 May 2016 S. Chang Independent 9th (2016)
109 days
52 Lin Chuan
林全
Lín Quán
(1951–)
20 May 2016 8 September 2017 Lin Independent
Tsai Ing-wen
(DPP)
1 year, 111 days
53 Lai Ching-te
(William Lai)

賴清德
Lài Qīngdé
(1958–)
8 September 2017 14 January 2019 Lai Democratic Progressive
1 year, 128 days
(45) Su Tseng-chang
蘇貞昌
Sū Zhēnchāng
(1948–)
14 January 2019 31 January 2023 Su II Democratic Progressive
4 years, 17 days 10th (2020)
54 Chen Chien-jen
陳建仁
Chén Jiànrén
(1951–)
31 January 2023 20 May 2024 Chen C.J. Democratic Progressive
1 year, 328 days 11th (2024)
55 Cho Jung-tai
卓榮泰
Zhuó Róngtài
(1959–)
20 May 2024 Incumbent Cho Democratic Progressive
Lai Ching-te
(DPP)
218 days

Timeline

[edit]
Cho Jung-taiChen Chien-jenWilliam LaiLin ChuanChang San-chengMao Chi-kuoJiang Yi-huahSean Chen (politician)Wu Den-yihLiu Chao-shiuanSu Tseng-changFrank HsiehYu Shyi-kunChang Chun-hsiungTang FeiVincent SiewLien ChanHau Pei-tsunLee HuanYu Kuo-hwaSun Yun-suanHsu Ching-chungChiang Ching-kuoYen Chia-kanWang Yun-wuYu Hung-ChunChen ChengYan XishanHe YingqinWeng WenhaoZhang QunKung Hsiang-hsiWang JingweiSun FoChen MingshuChiang Kai-shekSoong Tse-venTan YankaiPan FuDu XiguiHu WeideJia DeyaoXu ShiyingHuang FuWellington KooGao LingweiZhang ShaozengWang ZhengtingWang ChonghuiZhou ZiqiLiang ShiyiYan HuiqingSa ZhenbingJin YunpengGong XinzhanQian NengxunWang Shizhen (Beiyang government)Wang DaxieLi JingxiJiang ChaozongWu TingfangXu ShichangSun BaoqiXiong XilingDuan QiruiZhao BingjunLu ZhengxiangTang Shaoyi

Rank in length by total tenure

[edit]
Rank Individual Days Assumed office Left office Notes
1 Chen Cheng 3524 1544 10 March 1950 1 June 1954
1980 15 July 1958 16 December 1963
2 Chiang Kai-shek 3135 386 24 November 1930 15 December 1931 Pre-1947 Constitution
747 16 December 1935 1 January 1938 Pre-1947 Constitution
2002 11 December 1939 4 June 1945 Pre-1947 Constitution
3 Yen Chia-kan 3090 16 December 1963 1 June 1972
4 Sun Yun-suan 2192 1 June 1978 1 June 1984
5 Chiang Ching-kuo 2179 1 June 1972 20 May 1978
6 Su Tseng-chang 1961 483 25 January 2006 21 May 2007
1478 14 January 2019 31 January 2023
7 Yu Kuo-hua 1826 1 June 1984 1 June 1989
8 Lien Chan 1647 27 February 1993 1 September 1997
9 Yu Hung-chun 1505 1 June 1954 15 July 1958
10 Wang Jingwei 1417 29 January 1932 16 December 1935 Pre-1947 Constitution
11 Yu Shyi-kun 1096 1 February 2002 1 February 2005
12 Hau Pei-tsun 1002 1 June 1990 27 February 1993
13 Vincent Siew 992 1 September 1997 20 May 2000
14 Wu Den-yih
879
10 September 2009 6 February 2012
15 Chang Chun-hsiung
848
483
6 October 2000 1 February 2002
365
21 May 2007 20 May 2008
16 H. H. Kung
709
1 January 1938 11 December 1939 Pre-1947 Constitution
17 Tan Yankai
697
25 October 1928 22 September 1930 Pre-1947 Constitution
18 Jiang Yi-huah
658
18 February 2013 8 December 2014
19 T. V. Soong
635
4 June 1945 1 March 1947 Pre-1947 Constitution
20 William Lai
493
8 September 2017 14 January 2019
21 Liu Chao-shiuan
478
20 May 2008 10 September 2009
22 Lin Chuan
476
20 May 2016 8 September 2017
23 Chen Chien-jen 475 31 January 2023 20 May 2024
24 Mao Chi-kuo
420
8 December 2014 1 February 2016
25 Chang Chun
402
23 April 1947 29 May 1948 Pre-1947 Constitution
26 Sean Chen
378
6 February 2012 18 February 2013
27 Lee Huan
365
1 June 1989 1 June 1990
28 Frank Hsieh
358
1 February 2005 25 January 2006
29 Yan Xishan
275
13 June 1949 15 March 1950
30 Weng Wenhao
208
29 May 1948 23 December 1948
31 Tang Fei
139
20 May 2000 6 October 2000
32 Cho Jung-tai 218 20 May 2024 Incumbent
33 Sun Fo
119
28
1 January 1932 29 January 1932 Pre-1947 Constitution
91
23 December 1948 24 March 1949
34 Chang San-cheng
109
1 February 2016 20 May 2016
35 He Yingqin
81
24 March 1949 13 June 1949

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Died in office.
  2. ^ "Premiers of the Republic of China". Executive Yuan. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  3. ^ Membership suspended.

See also

[edit]