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Georg Kreisel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Georg Kreisel
Born(1923-09-15)September 15, 1923
Graz, Austria
DiedMarch 1, 2015(2015-03-01) (aged 91)
Salzburg, Austria
NationalityAustrian, British
Alma materTrinity College, Cambridge
Known forUnwinding Program
Kreisel–Putnam logic
Scientific career
FieldsComputer Science
Mathematics
Philosophy
InstitutionsUniversity of Reading
Institute for Advanced Study
Stanford University
Doctoral studentsHenk Barendregt
Richard Statman

Georg Kreisel FRS (September 15, 1923 – March 1, 2015)[1] was an Austrian-born mathematical logician who studied and worked in the United Kingdom and America.

Biography

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Kreisel was born in Graz and came from a Jewish background; his family sent him to the United Kingdom before the Anschluss in 1938. He studied mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge, and then, during World War II, worked on military subjects. Kreisel never took a Ph.D., though much later, in 1962, he was awarded the Cambridge degree of Sc.D., a `higher doctorate' given on the basis of published research.[2]

He taught at the University of Reading from 1949 until 1954 and then worked at the Institute for Advanced Study from 1955 to 1957. He returned to Reading in 1957, but then taught at Stanford University from 1958–1959. Then back at Reading for the year 1959–1960, and then the University of Paris 1960–1962. Kreisel was appointed a professor at Stanford University in 1962 and remained on the faculty there until he retired in 1985.[3][4]

Kreisel worked in various areas of logic,[5] and especially in proof theory, where he is known for his so-called "unwinding" program, whose aim was to extract constructive content from superficially non-constructive proofs.[6]

Kreisel was elected to the Royal Society in 1966;[4] Kreisel remained a close friend of Francis Crick[7][8] whom he had met in the Royal Navy during WWII.[9]

While a student at Cambridge, Kreisel was the student most respected by Ludwig Wittgenstein. Ray Monk writes, "In 1944—when Kreisel was still only twenty-one—Wittgenstein shocked Rush Rhees by declaring Kreisel to be the most able philosopher he had ever met who was also a mathematician."[10]

Kreisel was also a close friend of the Anglo-Irish philosopher and novelist Iris Murdoch. They met at Cambridge in 1947 during Murdoch's year of study there. Peter Conradi reports that Murdoch transcribed Kreisel's letters into her journals over the next fifty years. According to Conradi, "For half a century she nonetheless records variously Kreisel's brilliance, wit and sheer 'dotty' solipsistic strangeness, his amoralism, cruelty, ambiguous vanity and obscenity." Murdoch dedicated her 1971 novel An Accidental Man to Kreisel and he became a (partial) model for several characters in other novels, including Marcus Vallar in The Message to the Planet and Guy Openshaw in Nuns and Soldiers.[11]

After retirement Kreisel lived in Salzburg, Austria. He wrote several biographies of mathematicians including Kurt Gödel,[12] Bertrand Russell[13] and Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer.[14] He died in Salzburg, aged 91.

Anecdotes

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When Kreisel was teaching at the University of Reading he would frequently take the train into London. There was a particularly fast train that was timed just right for the shows in London, and he would go to the station at that time. He checked the timetable one day, and that train was canceled. But out of habit one day he showed up at the station at the usual time and the train was there. It seems that it was going from Bristol to London, stopping at Reading only to get water. He got on the train anyway, and from then on took that train regularly. One day he was accosted by the conductor after he got on. "The train doesn't stop here sir!" "In that case I didn't get on here."[15]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Notices 2015, Royal Society, retrieved 2015-06-09.
  2. ^ "In Memoriam: Georg Kreisel". Archived from the original on 2016-10-15. Retrieved 2016-08-24.
  3. ^ pp. 265–266, Beyond Art: A Third Culture, Peter Weibel, Ludwig Múzeum (Budapest, Hungary), Neue Galerie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst Antwerpen. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2005. ISBN 3-211-24562-6.
  4. ^ a b O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Georg Kreisel", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  5. ^ Review of Piergiorgio Odifreddi, editor, Kreiseliana: About and Around Georg Kreisel, by Luis Carlos Pereira, Review of Modern Logic 8, #3–4 (2000), pp. 127–131.
  6. ^ Kreisel's "unwinding" program, Solomon Feferman, pp. 247–273, in Kreiseliana: About and Around Georg Kreisel, Piergiorgio Odifreddi, ed., Wellesley, Massachusetts: A. K. Peters, 1996. ISBN 1-56881-061-X.
  7. ^ Some of their correspondence is collected within "The Francis Crick Papers". Retrieved February 12, 2011.
  8. ^ Crick, Francis (1988). What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books. pp. xi–xii. ISBN 0-465-09137-7.
  9. ^ Crick, Francis (1988). What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books. p. 16. ISBN 0-465-09137-7.
  10. ^ Monk, Ray (1991). Ludwig Wittgenstein. New York, NY: Penguin Books. p. 498. ISBN 978-0-14-015995-0.
  11. ^ Conradi, Peter J. (2002). Iris Murdoch. London: HarperCollins UK. p. 264-65. ISBN 978-0-00-653175-3..
  12. ^ Kreisel, G. (1980). "Kurt Godel. 28 April 1906–14 January 1978". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 26: 148–224. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1980.0005.
  13. ^ Kreisel, G. (1973). "Bertrand Arthur William Russell, Earl Russell. 1872–1970". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 19: 583–620. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1973.0021. JSTOR 769574.
  14. ^ Kreisel, G.; Newman, M. H. A. (1969). "Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer 1881–1966". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 15: 39–68. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1969.0002. hdl:10077/30385.
  15. ^ Kreiseliana: About and Around Georg Kreisel, ed. by Piergiorgio Odifreddi, Wellesley, MA, 1996, (Festschrift)
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