Bahriye Üçok

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Turkish. Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Turkish Wikipedia article at [[:tr:Bahriye Üçok]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|tr|Bahriye Üçok}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Bahriye Üçok
Born	1919 Trabzon, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey)
Died	October 6, 1990(1990-00-00) (aged 70–71)
Cause of death	Letter bomb
Alma mater	Ankara University
Occupations	Politician writer columnist activist
Political party	Social Democratic Populist Party

Bahriye Üçok (1919 – October 6, 1990) was a Turkish academic of theology, left-wing politician, writer, columnist, and women's rights activist whose assassination in 1990 remains unresolved.

Born in Trabzon in 1919, Bahriye Üçok finished her primary education in Ordu and then graduated from Kandilli High School for Girls in Istanbul. She was educated in Medieval Islamic and Turkish History at the Faculty of Philology, History and Geography of Ankara University. At the same time, she attended the State Conservatory and completed the Opera section.^[1]

After eleven years working as a high school teacher^[2] in Samsun and Ankara, she entered 1953 Ankara University as an assistant in the Faculty of Theology. She obtained her PhD in 1957, and became an associate professor with her thesis on Female Rulers in Islamic Countries in 1965. She subsequently became a professor, being the ever first female university teacher in this faculty. She was fluent in Arabic and Persian,^[1] and interpreted Islam in a modern and tolerant way focusing on the role of women in Islam.^[2]

In 1971, she was appointed a contingency senator by President Cevdet Sunay, and so her political career started.^[2] In 1977, Üçok joined the center-left Republican People's Party (Turkish: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, CHP). After the military coup in 1980, she co-founded the People's Party (Turkish: Halkçı Parti) and was elected deputy of Ordu into the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1984.^[2] In 1985, after a merger (with SODEP), her party was renamed the Social Democratic People's Party (SHP).

She also wrote an opinion column in the newspaper Cumhuriyet. After a TV forum, at which she declared that covered dressing in Islam (Hijab) is not obligatory, Bahriye Üçok received increasing threats from the militant organization "Islamic Movement" (Turkish: İslami Hareket). Not long after, on October 6, 1990,^[3] she was killed by a letter bomb as she was trying to open a book package in front of her house.^[4] The assassination remained unsolved. She was laid to rest at the Karşıyaka Cemetery in Ankara.^[5]

Gülay Calap, known as the "parcel-girl" who had accepted the packet for delivery, disappeared for a long period after the assassination. On January 16, 1994, she was arrested in İzmir as one responsible to the Revolutionary People's Party, an organization that is aligned with the PKK. The court sentenced her to prison for 22 years and 6 months, of which she served 12 years. Calap joined the Democratic Society Party (DTP) in 2007, and became its vice president in November of that year.^[6]

• İslâm'dan Dönenler ve İlk Yalancı Peygamber (Renegers in Islam and the First Fake Prophet) (1967) Ankara
• İslâm Devletinde Kadın Hükümdarlar (Female Rulers in Islamic Countries)
• İslam Tarihi (History of Islam)
• Islam Tarihinde Emeviler - Abbasiler (Umayyads - Abbasids in the History of Islam)
• Atatürk'ün İzinde Bir Arpa Boyu (A Tiny Step in the Footsteps of Atatürk) 270p, (1985), Cem Publishing, Istanbul ISBN 978-975-406-467-4^[7]
• Aly Mazahéri, Ortaçağda Müslümanların Günlük Yaşayışları (translation) (Daily Life of Muslims in the Middle Age)

• List of assassinated people from Turkey
• List of unsolved murders
• Women in Turkish politics

• Prof. Dr. Bahriye ÜÇOK, Atatürkçü Düşünce Derneği (in Turkish)
• Who is who (in Turkish)