"Centrolene" medemi
| "Centrolene" medemi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Centrolenidae |
| Genus: | "Centrolene" |
| Species: | "C." medemi
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| Binomial name | |
| "Centrolene" medemi | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
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"Centrolene" medemi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. The species occurs in the Cordillera Oriental in the Tolima, Caquetá, and Putumayo Departments in Colombia and adjacent Napo in Ecuador.[3][4][5] The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain (incertae sedis).[3][6] The specific name medemi honors Fred Medem, collector of the holotype.[2] Common name Medem giant glass frog has been coined for it.[3]
Description
[edit]Adult males measure 26–31 mm (1.0–1.2 in) and adult females 35–44 mm (1.4–1.7 in) in snout–vent length.[5][7] The snout is rounded in dorsal profile and truncated to slightly protruding when viewed laterally. The tympanum is indistinct and partly covered by the supra-tympanic fold. The fingers have absent to extensive webbing (from inner to outer fingers). The toes are extensively webbed.[5] The dorsal surfaces of head, body, and limbs are olive green to grayish brown and bear large cream spots. The ventral parietal peritoneum is white. Adult males have a large humeral spine. The pre-pollical spine is not separated from the first finger. The iris is grayish brown and has dark reticulation.[7]
Habitat and conservation
[edit]This species lives on streamsides in montane cloud forests[1][5] at elevations of 790–1,800 m (2,590–5,910 ft) above sea level.[5] It also occurs in secondary forest, as long as there is good vegetation cover close to streams. The eggs are laid on leaves overhanging the water.[1]
It is locally common in Colombia, but only one specimen, collected in 1975, is known from Ecuador.[1][5] The specific threats are poorly known but probably include habitat loss, introduction alien predatory fishes, and pollution from the spraying of illegal crops. Chytridiomycosis might also be a threat.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Centrolene medemi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T54926A49364088. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T54926A49364088.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ a b Cochran, Doris M. & Goin, Coleman J. (1970). "Frogs of Colombia". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 288: 1–678. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.6346. (Centrolenella medemi: p. 511–513)
- ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2017). ""Centrolene" medemi (Cochran and Goin, 1970)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
- ^ Acosta Galvis, A. R. & Cuentas, D. (2017). "Centrolene medemi (Cochran & Goin, 1970)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.07.2017.0. www.batrachia.com. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f Ortiz, D.A.; et al. (2011–2016). Ron, S. R.; Yanez-Muñoz, M. H.; Merino-Viteri, A.; Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Centrolene medemi". AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2018.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 11 February 2018.
- ^ Guayasamin, J. M.; Castroviejo-Fisher, S.; Trueb, L.; Ayarzagüena, J.; Rada, M. & Vilà, C. (2009). "Phylogenetic systematics of glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni". Zootaxa. 2100: 1–97. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2100.1.1. hdl:1808/13694. S2CID 86257528.
- ^ a b Guayasamin, Juan M.; Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.; Yánez-Muñoz, Mario & Bustamante, Martín (2006). "Amphibia, Centrolenidae, Centrolene ilex, Centrolene litorale, Centrolene medemi, Cochranella albomaculata, Cochranella ametarsia: range extensions and new country records". Check List. 2 (1): 24–25, 23–26. doi:10.15560/2.1.70.