Zymosan

Zymosan
Identifiers
CAS Number	9010-72-4 ;
ChemSpider	none;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.737
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9042540 ;
Properties
Chemical formula	(C6H10O5)x
Molar mass	Variable
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Zymosan is a beta-glucan with repeating glucose units connected by β-1,3-glycosidic linkages. It binds to TLR 2 and Dectin-1 (CLEC7A). Zymosan is a ligand found on the surface of fungi, like yeast. ^[1]

Zymosan is prepared from yeast cell walls and consists of protein-carbohydrate complexes. It is used to induce experimental sterile inflammation. In macrophages, zymosan-induced responses include the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, arachidonate mobilization, protein phosphorylation, and inositol phosphate formation. Zymosan A also raises cyclin D2 levels, suggesting a role for the latter in macrophage activation besides proliferation. It potentiates acute liver damage after galactosamine injection, suggesting that certain types of nonparenchymal cells other than Kupffer cells are involved in zymosan action.^[2]

References

^ Sato M, Sano H, Iwaki D, et al. (2003). "Direct binding of Toll-like receptor 2 to zymosan, and zymosan-induced NF-kappa B activation and TNF-alpha secretion are down-regulated by lung collectin surfactant protein A". J. Immunol. 171 (1): 417–25. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.1.417. PMID 12817025.
^ Zymosan A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Merck KGaA

External links

Zymosan at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

[1] Sato M, Sano H, Iwaki D, et al. (2003). "Direct binding of Toll-like receptor 2 to zymosan, and zymosan-induced NF-kappa B activation and TNF-alpha secretion are down-regulated by lung collectin surfactant protein A". J. Immunol. 171 (1): 417–25. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.1.417. PMID 12817025.

[2] Zymosan A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Merck KGaA

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