User talk:ElenaChan4

Hello, ElenaChan4, and welcome to Wikipedia! My name is Ian and I work with the Wiki Education Foundation; I help support students who are editing as part of a class assignment.

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ElenaChan4

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy category	AU: C
Routes of administration	Oral, IV
ATC code	J01EC01 (WHO) QJ01EQ11 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) CA: ℞-only UK: POM (Prescription only) US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	70%
Metabolism	Hepatic acetylation and glucuronidation
Elimination half-life	10 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
IUPAC name 4-Amino-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-benzenesulfonamide
CAS Number	723-46-6 Y
PubChem CID	5329
DrugBank	DB01015 Y
ChemSpider	5138 Y
UNII	JE42381TNV
KEGG	D00447 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:9332 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL443 Y
NIAID ChemDB	006897
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C10H11N3O3S
Molar mass	253.279 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Melting point	169 °C (336 °F)
SMILES O=S(=O)(Nc1noc(c1)C)c2ccc(N)cc2
InChI InChI=1S/C10H11N3O3S/c1-7-6-10(12-16-7)13-17(14,15)9-4-2-8(11)3-5-9/h2-6H,11H2,1H3,(H,12,13) Y Key:JLKIGFTWXXRPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Sulfamethoxazole (also spelled sulphamethoxazole (BRIT)) (abbreviated SMZ or SMX)^[1][2][3] is a sulfonamide bacteriostatic antibiotic.

It is most often used as part of a synergistic combination with trimethoprim in a 5:1 ratio in co-trimoxazole (abbreviated SMZ-TMP and SMX-TMP,^[4] or TMP-SMZ and TMP-SMX), also known under trade names such as Bactrim, Septrin, or Septra; in Eastern Europe it is marketed as Biseptol. Its primary activity is against susceptible strains of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin resistant strains), Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, and oral anaerobes. It is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. In addition it can be used as an alternative to amoxicillin-based antibiotics to treat sinusitis. It can also be used to treat toxoplasmosis and it is the drug of choice for Pneumocystis pneumonia, which affects primarily patients with HIV.

Other names include: sulfamethylisoxazol, sulfisomezole, MS 53, RO 4 2130^[5][6] and sulfamethazole.^[7]

The most common side effect of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim is gastrointestinal upset (reference needed). Allergies to sulfa-based medications typically cause skin rashes, hives, or trouble breathing or swallowing and warrant immediate discontinuation of the medication and contact with doctor immediately. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim is also known to increase blood concentrations of the drug warfarin (U.S. brand name: Coumadin) and can cause an unexpected increase in clotting time and uncontrolled bleeding. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia also are rare adverse effects to be monitored if a patient is placed on long-term therapy. Sulfamethoxazole is also a Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) inducing substance.^{[citation needed]}

Sulfamethoxazole can also cause nausea or severe stomach or abdominal pain. Headaches commonly occur when taking sulfamethoxazole. Muscle pain sometimes occurs when taking this medication. If symptoms persist, one should contact his/her physician. If trouble breathing or swelling of the face, mouth, or tongue occurs, one should discontinue the medication and get emergency medical help. These are often symptoms of a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis).

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim can lead to a megaloblastic anemia in some patients because it is a folate antagonist.^[8]

Sulfonamides are structural analogs and competitive antagonists of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). They inhibit normal bacterial utilization of PABA for the synthesis of folic acid, an important metabolite in DNA synthesis.^[9] The effects seen are usually bacteriostatic in nature. Folic acid is not synthesized in humans, but is instead a dietary requirement. This allows for the selective toxicity to bacterial cells (or any cell dependent on synthesizing folic acid) over human cells. Bacterial resistance to sulfamethoxazole is caused by mutations in the enzymes involved in folic acid synthesis that prevent the drug from binding to it.

A TMP-SMZ (also TMP-SMX or TMP-Sulfa) disk is a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole(combination of both is known as cotrimoxazole) that acts synergistically for bactericidal action. A bacterial culture impregnated with a trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole disk may be used to help identify an organism as Gardnerella vaginalis; it is sensitive to the TMP-SMZ disk.

• Sulfisoxazole

• Sulfamethoxazole in the ChemIDplus database

Category:Anilines Category:Aromatic amines Category:Isoxazoles Category:Sulfonamide antibiotics Category:Dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitors Category:Equine medications

Please complete the student training. If you have already gone through it, be sure to click the button at the end to record that you finished it. --M dee gee (talk) 08:09, 5 November 2015 (UTC)[reply]