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TiVo Corporation

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with Microvision.
"Macrovision" redirects here. For the VHS and DVD copy protection system, see Analog Protection System.
"Rovi" redirects here. For the Welsh magician, see Rovi (magician).

TiVo Corporation
Formerly
  • Macrovision Solutions Corporation (1983–2009)
  • Rovi Corporation (2009–2016)
Company typePublic
Nasdaq: TIVO
Industry
PredecessorTiVo Inc.
Founded1983; 41 years ago (1983)
Founders
  • Victor Farrow
  • John O. Ryan
DefunctMay 29, 2020; 4 years ago (2020-05-29)
FateMerged with Xperi
SuccessorXperi
Headquarters
San Jose, California
,
U.S.
US$826,456,000[1] (December 31, 2017)
Total assetsDecrease US$3,163,678,000 (December 31, 2017)
Number of employees
1,700+ (2017)
Websitetivo.com

TiVo Corporation, formerly known as the Rovi Corporation and Macrovision Solutions Corporation, was an American technology company headquartered in San Jose, California. Now operating as Xperi, the company is primarily involved in licensing its intellectual property within the consumer electronics industry, including digital rights management, electronic program guide software, and metadata. The company holds over 6,000 pending and registered patents.[2] The company also provides analytics and recommendation platforms for the video industry.

In 2016, Rovi acquired digital video recorder maker TiVo Inc., and renamed itself TiVo Corporation. On May 30, 2019, TiVo announced the appointment of Dave Shull as the company's new president and CEO.

On December 19, 2019, TiVo merged with Xperi;[3] the combined firm operates as Xperi.[4]

History

[edit]
Macrovision Corporation logo

Macrovision Corporation was established in 1983 by Victor Farrow and John O. Ryan. The 1984 film The Cotton Club was the first video to be encoded with Macrovision technology when it was released in 1985.[5] The technology was subsequently extended to DVD players and other consumer electronic recording and playback devices such as digital cable and satellite set-top boxes, digital video recorders, and portable media players. By the end of the 1980s, most major Hollywood studios were utilizing their services.[6]

In the 1990s, Macrovision acquired companies with expertise in managing access control and secure distribution of other forms of digital media, including music, video games, internet content, and computer software.

Ryan (founder and CEO of Macrovision from June 1995 to October 2001) and William A. Krepick (president of Macrovision Corporation from July 1995 to July 2005 and CEO from October 2001 to July 2005)[7] led the company through an IPO in 1997 priced at $9.00 a share. Under their leadership, the company went from a private company with sales of under $20 million to a global, publicly traded corporation with annual sales of $220 million and market cap exceeding $1 billion.[8]

In July 2005, the company hired Alfred J. Amoroso as chief executive officer and president to succeed William A. Krepick, who announced his retirement earlier in the year.[9]

Macrovision acquired Gemstar-TV Guide on May 2, 2008, in a cash-and-stock deal worth about $2.8 billion. The combined company would seek to be “the homepage for the TV experience,” said Mr. Amoroso.[10]

After the announcement of its intent to buy Gemstar-TV Guide, Macrovision made other changes in order to focus on entertainment technology, including selling its software business unit, valued at approximately $200 million, to private equity firm Thoma Cressey Bravo. The divestiture of the software business unit closed on April 1, 2008, becoming Acresso Software. Macrovision also ultimately sold off parts of Gemstar-TV Guide not focused on digital entertainment, including TryMedia, eMeta, TV Guide Magazine, TV Guide Network and the TV Games Network.

The company also bought two companies providing entertainment metadata: All Media Guide on November 6, 2007, and substantially all the assets of Muze, Inc. on April 15, 2009.

As Rovi

[edit]
Rovi Corporation logo

On July 16, 2009, Macrovision Solutions Corporation announced the official change of its name to Rovi Corporation.

Rovi announced its first product on January 7, 2010 – TotalGuide, an interactive media guide that incorporated entertainment data, to search, browse and provide recommendations.[11] On March 16, 2010, Rovi acquired MediaUnbound for an undisclosed amount. MediaUnbound had helped build static and dynamic personalization and recommendation engines for clients such as Napster, eMusic and MTV Networks.[12] On June 16, 2010, the company announced the Rovi Advertising Network which bundled guide advertising and third-party interactive TV platforms.[13]

On December 23, 2010, the company announced its intention to acquire Sonic Solutions and its DivX video software in a deal valued at $720 million. Sonic provided digital video processing, playback and distribution technologies and owned RoxioNow (formerly CinemaNow) an OTT technology provider.[14][15]

On March 1, 2011, Rovi announced its acquisition of online video guide SideReel.[16]

The company announced Amoroso's intention to retire on May 26, 2011.[17] Tom Carson, formerly the executive vice president of sales and marketing, was appointed CEO and President in December 2011.[18] Under Carson the company shifted its focus on "growth opportunities related to its core enabling technology and services" and it announced that it intended to sell the Rovi Entertainment Store business.[19] It entered into separate agreements to sell the Rovi Entertainment Store to Reliance Majestic Holdings, a private equity-backed company; and its consumer websites to All Media Networks, a new company, in July 2013.[20] Continuing on this path, the company made a similar announcement in January 2014 indicating its intent to sell the DivX and MainConcept businesses.

On April 1, 2013, Rovi acquired Integral Reach, a provider of predictive analysis services. The technology would be integrated into Rovi's audience analysis services.[21]

In April 2013, Facebook began licensing Rovi metadata for use within the service.[22]

As TiVo Corporation

[edit]

On April 29, 2016, Rovi Corporation announced that it had acquired TiVo Inc. for $1.1 billion. The combined company operated under the TiVo brand, and held over 6,000 pending and registered patents.[2][23] Rovi plans to discontinue in-house hardware production, and focus primarily on licensing its technologies and the TiVo brand to third-party companies.[24]

In December 2019, TiVo Corporation announced their intent to merge with Xperi. The surviving entity will operate under the Xperi name and have a combined value of $3 billion. TiVo had previously considered splitting out its hardware operations from its licensing operations.[25] The merger was completed on June 1, 2020.[26]

In August 2022, TiVo announced the TiVo OS for smart TVs[27] launching in 2023 in Europe[28] with Vestel.

Products

[edit]

Guides

[edit]

Rovi provides guides for service providers and CE manufacturers.

  • TotalGuide xD, a white-label media guide for mobile devices for finding, managing, and watching TV shows and movies. This also controlled the set top boxes.
  • TotalGuide CE, a media guide for CE manufacturers that gives access to broadcast programming, premium over-the-top (OTT) entertainment, and catch-up TV
  • Passport Guide and i-Guide, interactive program guides for service providers
  • G-Guide, an HTML5-based program guide for digital terrestrial, broadcast satellite, and commercial satellite services
  • TotalTV, an online guide enabling websites for news and entertainment organizations to incorporate local TV listings
  • Rovi DTA Guide, an interactive program guide designed for households installed with Digital terminal adapters

Data

[edit]

Rovi provides entertainment metadata for consumer electronics manufacturers, service providers, retailers, online portals and application developers around the world. The company has over 50 years of metadata for video, music, books, and games covering more than 5 million movies and TV programs, 3.2 million album releases and 30 million song tracks, 9 million in-print and out-of-print book titles, and 70,000 video games.[citation needed] The metadata includes basic facts, local TV listings and channel line-ups for interactive program guides, original editorial, imagery, and other features.[29]

Search and Recommendations

[edit]

Rovi Search Service allows consumer electronics manufacturers, service providers, and developers to provide solutions that enable consumers to search for and access desired content. Rovi Recommendations Service is a cloud-based service that offers consumers entertainment choices similar to their chosen program, movie, album, track, musician or band.

Advertising

[edit]

Rovi Advertising Service enables the monetization of entertainment platforms. It places ads that appear as content choices in application menus and user interfaces for set-top boxes, connected TVs, smartphones, tablets, Blu-ray players, game consoles and other devices.[citation needed]

Rovi Audience Management

[edit]

Rovi Audience Management is a suite of products (Advertising Optimizer and Promotion Optimizer) combining big data with predictive analytics to provide TV audience insights and advertising campaign management. Ad Optimizer allows provides campaign management and media planning capabilities to TV networks and multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs). Promo Optimizer uses past viewing data to enable cable and broadcast networks to create plans for on-air promos.[30]

Legacy products

[edit]

The company historically developed technologies and products that helped protect content from being pirated. Its two core legacy products were called RipGuard and the Analog Protection System (APS).

RipGuard

[edit]

Macrovision introduced its RipGuard technology in February 2005. It was designed to prevent or reduce digital DVD copying by altering the format of the DVD content to disrupt the ripping software. Although the technology could be circumvented by several current DVD rippers such as AnyDVD or DVDFab, Macrovision claimed that 95% of casual users lack the knowledge and/or determination to be able to copy a DVD with RipGuard technology.[31]

Analog Protection System

[edit]
Main article: Analog Protection System

The Analog Protection System (APS), also known as Analog Copy Protection (ACP), Copyguard or Macrovision, was the Macrovision Corporation's flagship product, a copy protection system for both VHS and DVD. Video tapes copied from DVDs encoded with APS become garbled and unwatchable. The process works by adding pulses to analog video signals to negatively impact the AGC circuit of a recording device. In digital devices, changes to the analog video signal are created by a chip that converts the digital video to analog within the device. In DVD players, trigger bits are created during DVD authoring to inform the APS that it should be applied to DVD players' analog outputs or analog video outputs on a PC while playing back a protected DVD-Video disc. In set top boxes trigger bits are incorporated into Conditional Access Entitlement Control Messages (ECM) in the stream delivered to the STB. In VHS, alterations to the analog video signal are added in a Macrovision-provided "processor box" used by duplicators.

As Macrovision

[edit]
  • In 2000, Macrovision acquired Globetrotter, creators of the FLEXlm, which was subsequently renamed Flexnet.[32]
  • In 2002, Macrovision acquired Israeli company Midbar Technologies, developers of the Cactus Data Shield music copy protection solution for $17 million. Additionally the same year, Macrovision acquired all the music copy protection and digital rights management (DRM) assets of TTR Technologies (formerly NASDAQ listed under the ticker TTRE).[33]
  • In 2004, Macrovision acquired InstallShield, creators of installation authoring software (later divested to private equity).
  • In 2005, Macrovision acquired the intellectual property rights to DVD Decrypter from its developer.[34]
  • In 2005, Macrovision acquired ZeroG Software, creators of InstallAnywhere (direct competition to InstallShield MP (MultiPlatform)), and Trymedia Systems.
  • In 2006, Macrovision acquired eMeta.
  • On January 1, 2007, Macrovision acquired Mediabolic, Inc.[35]
  • On November 6, 2007, Macrovision announced its intention to acquire All Media Guide.[36]
  • On December 7, 2007, Macrovision announced an agreement to acquire Gemstar-TV Guide[37] and completed the purchase on August 5, 2008.
  • On December 19, 2007, Macrovision purchased BD+ DRM technology from Cryptography Research, Inc.
  • On April 15, 2009, Macrovision announced that it has acquired substantially all of the assets of Muze, Inc.[38]

As Rovi

[edit]
  • On March 16, 2010, Rovi acquired Recommendations Service MediaUnbound.[39]
  • On December 23, 2010, Rovi announced its intention to acquire Sonic Solutions.[40]
  • On March 1, 2011, Rovi acquired SideReel.[41]
  • On May 5, 2011, Rovi acquired DigiForge.[42]
  • In 2012, Rovi acquired Snapstick.
  • In February 2012, Rovi sold Roxio to Corel.[43]
  • On April 1, 2013, Rovi acquired Integral Reach.[44]
  • On February 25, 2014, Rovi acquired Veveo.[45]
  • On November 3, 2014, Rovi acquired Fanhattan, a company that ran the Fan TV service, and owners of The Movie Database,[46] for $12.0 million in cash.[47]
  • On April 29, 2016, Rovi confirmed that it would acquire TiVo for approximately $1.1 billion.[48]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "XNAS:ROVI Rovi Corp Annual Report 8-K Filling". www.snl.com. December 31, 2017. Archived from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  2. ^ a b "From TV trailblazer to IP afterthought: TiVo bought for $1.1 billion". Ars Technica. Conde Nast Digital. April 29, 2016. Archived from the original on April 30, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  3. ^ Gartenberg, Chaim (December 19, 2019). "TiVo to merge with Xperi to create "one of the largest licensing companies in the world"". The Verge. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved December 27, 2019.
  4. ^ Dec. 2019/completed June 2020 Todd Spangler (December 19, 2019). "TiVo to Merge With Entertainment-Tech Firm Xperi in $3 Billion Deal".
  5. ^ De Atley, Richard (September 7, 1985). "VCRs put entertainment industry into fast-forward frenzy". The Free Lance-Star. Associated Press. pp. 12–TV. Archived from the original on April 4, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
  6. ^ Decherney, Peter (2012). "Hollywood's Copyright Wars: From Edison to the Internet" (PDF). Columbia University Press. p. 180.
  7. ^ "John Ryan: Executive Profile & Biography". Businessweek. Archived from the original on March 5, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  8. ^ "William A. Krepick: Executive Profile & Biography – Businessweek". Bloomberg. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  9. ^ "Macrovision Appoints Alfred J. Amoroso as President and Chief Executive Officer; William A. Krepick Appointed Vice-Chairman of the Board | Business Wire". Businesswire.com (Press release). Archived from the original on May 13, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  10. ^ Stelter, Brian (December 8, 2007). "Macrovision Agrees to Buy Gemstar-TV Guide for $2.8 Billion in Stock and Cash". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 27, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  11. ^ "Rovi Showcases Early Version of Media Guide and Solutions Portfolio for Digital Home Entertainment Products during CES 2010". Rovicorp.com. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  12. ^ Lawler, Ryan (March 16, 2010). "Rovi Acquires Media Recommendation Firm MediaUnbound". gigaom.com. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  13. ^ "Rovi Launches Advertising Network with Broad Reach into Multiple Platforms". Rovicorp.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  14. ^ "Rovi announces agreement to acquire Sonic Solutions for $720 million". Engadget. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  15. ^ "Rovi to buy Sonic for $720 million". CNET. Archived from the original on March 5, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  16. ^ Roettgers, Janko (March 1, 2011). "Rovi Buys Sidereel, Expands to the Web". gigaom.com. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  17. ^ "Rovi Corp. (ROVI) CEO Amoroso to Retire". StreetInsider.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  18. ^ "Rovi Promotes Thomas Carson to CEO | InteractiveTV Today". itvt.com. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  19. ^ "Rovi Announces Intent to Pursue Sale of Rovi Entertainment Store Business and Narrows Estimates Range for Fiscal 2012". GlobeNewswire News Room (Press release). January 3, 2013. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  20. ^ "Rovi Corporation Reports Second Quarter 2013 Financial Performance". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  21. ^ "5 Notable Rovi Acquisitions Before TiVo". Broadcasting and Cable. April 29, 2016. Archived from the original on November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
  22. ^ Yeung, Ken (April 16, 2013). "Facebook Partners With Rovi To Bring In-Depth Video Content To Users". The Next Web. Archived from the original on May 29, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  23. ^ Picker, Leslie (April 29, 2016). "Rovi Buys TiVo in $1.1 Billion Deal". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 2, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  24. ^ Brodkin, Jon (June 6, 2016). "TiVo's new owner isn't that interested in making set-top boxes". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on June 7, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
  25. ^ Spangler, Todd (December 19, 2019). "TiVo to Merge With Entertainment-Tech Firm Xperi in $3 Billion Deal". Variety. Archived from the original on December 19, 2019. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
  26. ^ "Xperi and TiVo Complete Merger". www.businesswire.com. June 1, 2020. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  27. ^ Fletcher, Bevin (August 31, 2022). "Xperi reveals Europe's Vestel as first TiVo smart TV OS customer". Fierce Video. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
  28. ^ Newman, Jared (January 31, 2023). "You might actually want a TiVo TV someday". TechHive. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
  29. ^ Frazier, David N. (February 27, 2014). "Rovi's Veveo Deal Is Something to Talk About". Newsmax. Archived from the original on March 9, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  30. ^ Fields, Anna. "Rovi To Acquire TiVo. Strategic Fit Or A Synergy Play?". Forbes. Archived from the original on October 9, 2019. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  31. ^ "RipGuard DVD – DVD Copy Protection and DVD Encryption Software Protection – Rovi". Rovicorp.com. Archived from the original on May 29, 2010. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  32. ^ "Macrovision Completes Acquisition of GLOBEtrotter Software". Business Wire. September 1, 2000. Archived from the original on July 25, 2013. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  33. ^ "Macrovision moves to acquire Midbar group". MusicWeek. November 11, 2002. Archived from the original on March 24, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  34. ^ "DVD Decrypter to be removed". AfterDawn. November 24, 2005. Archived from the original on March 9, 2009. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  35. ^ "Rovi-Acquires-Mediabolic-For-$43,500,000". VentureDeal. January 3, 2007. Archived from the original on November 27, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  36. ^ "Press Releases – Next Generation Media Guide – Rovi". Rovicorp.com. Archived from the original on October 8, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  37. ^ "Macrovision Agrees to Acquire Gemstar-TV Guide. :: Rovi". Bloobble.com. Archived from the original on November 27, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  38. ^ Kaplan, David (April 15, 2009). "Macrovision Buys Metadata Provider Muze For $16.5 Million". paidContent. Archived from the original on December 14, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  39. ^ Ali, Rafat (March 16, 2010). "Rovi Acquires Recommendations Service MediaUnbound". paidContent. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  40. ^ "Rovi announces agreement to acquire Sonic Solutions for $720 million". Engadget. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  41. ^ "Rovi Acquires SideReel.com – Launches AllRovi.com: An Immersive and Interactive Film and Music Site for Entertainment Fans". Appmarket.tv. March 1, 2011. Archived from the original on March 5, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  42. ^ Jim Barthold (May 6, 2011). "Rovi acquires DigiForge, reportedly to improve cable visibility". FierceCable. Archived from the original on November 27, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  43. ^ "Corel completes acquisition of Roxio from Rovi Corporation". Private Equity Wire. Global Fund Media Ltd. Archived from the original on December 3, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
  44. ^ "Rovi Debuts Entertainment Analytics, Big Data for Multiscreen". Streaming Media Magazine. June 3, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
  45. ^ "Video Discovery Specialist Rovi Acquires Voice Search Startup Veveo For Up To $69 Million". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on March 24, 2021. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
  46. ^ Schonfeld, Erick (December 16, 2010). "Fanhattan Promises Better Internet TV Through The Power Of Data (TCTV)". TechCrunch. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  47. ^ "Rovi Acquires Content Discovery and Navigation Innovator Fanhattan". rovi.com. November 3, 2014. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
  48. ^ Snider, Mike (April 29, 2016). "Rovi acquires DVR company TiVo". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on April 30, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2016.

Additional sources

[edit]
[edit]
  • Official website
    • Historical business data for TiVO Corporation:
    • SEC filings
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