Tadaksahak
| Tadaksahak | |
|---|---|
| Tadáksahak | |
| Native to | Mali, Niger[1] |
| Ethnicity | Dawsahak |
Native speakers | 170,000 (2022)[2] |
| Arabic script Latin alphabet | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | dsq |
| Glottolog | tada1238 |
 | |
| Tadaksahak | |
|---|---|
| People | Idaksahak |
| Language | Tadáksahak |
Tadaksahak (also Daoussahak, Dausahaq and other spellings, after the Tuareg name for its speakers, Dăwsăhak)[4] is a Songhay language spoken by the pastoralist Idaksahak of the Ménaka Region and Gao Region of Mali. Its phonology, verb morphology and vocabulary has been strongly influenced by the neighbouring Tuareg languages, Tamasheq and Tamajaq.
Phonology
[edit]Vowels
[edit]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i, iː | u, uː | |
| Mid | e, eː | ǝ | o, oː |
| Open | a, aː | ||
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i iː | u uː | ||
| Near-close | [ɪ] | |||
| Mid | e eː | ǝ | o oː | |
| Open-mid | [ɛ ɛː] | [ɐ] | [ʌ] | [ɔ ɔː] |
| Open | [æ] | a aː | [ɑ] | |
Consonants
[edit]| Labial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | pharyngealized | ||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | nˤ | ŋ | |||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | t | tˤ | tʃ | k | q | |||
| voiced | b | d | dˤ | dʒ | ɡ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | sˤ | ʃ | x | ħ | h | |
| voiced | z | zˤ | ʒ | ɣ | ʕ | ||||
| Approximant | l | lˤ | j | w | |||||
| Flap | ɾ | ɾˤ | |||||||
See also
[edit]- Tadaksahak word list (Wiktionary)
References
[edit]- ^ A. Chaventré, Évolution anthropo-biologique d'une population Touarègue: les Kel Kummer et leurs apparentés, in: Volume 103 of Institut national d'études démographiques: Travaux et documents, INED 1983, pp.29-33
- ^ Tadaksahak at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
- ^ This map is based on classification from Glottolog and data from Ethnologue.
- ^ Ritter, Georg (2009). Wörterbuch zur Sprache und Kultur der Twareg II Deutsch-Twareg. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 735.
- ^ Christiansen, (2010)
- Regula Christiansen, A grammar of Tadaksahak a northern Songhay language of Mali, Leiden University Centre for Linguistics (2010)
- Niels and Regula Christiansen, Some verb morphology features of Tadaksahak, or, Berber or Songhay, this is the question, SIL Electronic Working Papers (2002)
- Regula Christiansen and Stephen H. Levinsohn, Relative clauses in Tadasahak, SIL Electronic Working Papers (2003)
- Michael J. Rueck and Niels Christiansen, Northern Songhay Languages in Mali and Niger: A Sociolinguistic Survey, Proceedings of the 1998 Nilo-Saharan Linguistics Conference (1998)
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