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Russell Brain, 1st Baron Brain

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The Right Honourable
The Lord Brain
Brain in 1956
Born
Walter Russell Brain

(1895-10-23)23 October 1895
Reading, England
Died29 December 1966(1966-12-29) (aged 71)
Alma materNew College, Oxford
Known forBrain's reflex
AwardsFellow of the Royal Society[1]
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Oxford

Walter Russell Brain, 1st Baron Brain (23 October 1895 – 29 December 1966) was a British neurologist. He was principal author of the standard work on neurology, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System, and longtime editor of the neurological medical journal titled Brain. He is also eponymised with "Brain's reflex", a reflex exhibited by humans when assuming the quadrupedal position.[1][2]

Career

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Brain was educated at Mill Hill School and New College, Oxford, where he began to read history, but disliked it. The First World War having begun in 1914, the following year he joined the Friends' Ambulance Unit as an alternative to volunteering for combat, and was sent to York, moving later to the King George Hospital in London, attached to the X-ray department. On the introduction of conscription in 1916, his work enabled him to be exempted as a conscientious objector.

After the war he returned to New College, and studied medicine, obtaining his BM BCh in 1922 and a DM in 1925; he specialised in neurology. Apart from his clinical practice, he was a member of a large number of government committees pertaining to physical and mental health, and was involved in the care of Winston Churchill on the latter's deathbed in 1965.

He was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1931 and was president of that college from 1950 to 1956.[citation needed]

He was knighted in 1952,[3] made a baronet on 29 June 1954,[4] and on 26 January 1962, was created Baron Brain, of Eynsham in the County of Oxford.[5] In March 1964, he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society.[6]

In 1964, he gave the presidential address (Science and Behaviour) to the British Association meeting in Southampton.[7] In this address he discussed how humanity was approaching the anthropocene and he reiterated Alfred North Whitehead's warning that "A muddled state of mind is prevalent. The increased plasticity of the environment for mankind, resulting from the advances in scientific technology, is being construed in terms of habits of thought which find their justification in the theory of a fixed environment."[8]

Family

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He married Stella Langdon-Down and had two sons, Christopher (1926-2014)[9] and Michael Cottrell Brain (b. 1928) and one daughter, Janet Stella Brain (b. 1931). Janet went on to marry Dr. Leonard Arthur. Christopher Langdon Brain succeeded his father as the 2nd Baron Brain.[10] Upon the 2nd Baron's death in 2014, his brother, Michael, succeeded as 3rd Baron Brain.

Religious beliefs

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He became a Quaker in 1931 and gave the Swarthmore Lecture in 1944, 'Man, society and religion', in which he stressed the importance of a social conscience.

Arms

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Coat of arms of Russell Brain, 1st Baron Brain
Crest
A falcon Sable armed and belled Or supporting with the dexter claw a representation of the Silver Staff of Office of the President of the Royal College of Physicians of London Proper.
Escutcheon
Per pale Or and Argent three cats' heads erased Gules.
Motto
Mens Stella Cerebri[11]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Pickering, G. W. (1968). "Walter Russell Brain First Baron Brain of Eynsham 1895-1966". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 14: 61–82. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1968.0004.
  2. ^ "Brain, Walter Russell, first Baron Brain". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32035. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ^ "No. 39480". The London Gazette. 29 February 1952. p. 1191.
  4. ^ "No. 40224". The London Gazette. 6 July 1954. p. 3959.
  5. ^ "No. 42582". The London Gazette. 26 January 1962. p. 683.
  6. ^ "Library and Archive Catalogue". Royal Society. Retrieved 18 December 2010.[dead link‍]
  7. ^ Burton, K. J.; Renn, D. F. (September 1965). "The British Association for the Advancement of Science: The Southampton Meeting". Journal of the Institute of Actuaries. 91 (2): 199–202. doi:10.1017/S0020268100038774. JSTOR 41140083.
  8. ^ Hertz, David (1965). "The Unity of Science and Management". Management Science. 11 (6 series B): B89–B97. doi:10.1287/mnsc.11.6.b89.
  9. ^ Notices, The Telegraph, London, UK.
  10. ^ Notices, The Telegraph, London, UK.
  11. ^ Burke's Peerage. 1959.

Further reading

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Academic offices
Preceded by President of the Royal College of Physicians
1950–1956 		Succeeded by
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation Baron Brain
1962–1966 		Succeeded by
Baronetage of the United Kingdom
New creation Baronet
(of Reading)
1954–1966 		Succeeded by
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