People's Liberation Army of Manipur
| People's Liberation Army of Manipur | |
|---|---|
| Yawoll lanme | |
 Flag of the People's Liberation Army of Manipur | |
| Leaders | N. Bisheshwar Singh (POW) (1978-1981) Thoudam Kunjabehari † (1981-1982) Irengbam Chaoren #(1982-2023) Manoharmayum Ngouba (2023–present) |
| Dates of operation | 25 September 1978 – Present |
| Group(s) | Salai Taret 7 clans |
| Motives | Establish an independent state of Manipur |
| Headquarters | Manipur |
| Active regions | Northeast India |
| Ideology | Communism Mao Zedong Thought Separatism |
| Size | 3,800 (2008) 2,000 (2023)[1] |
| Allies | NSCN-K, Corcom, ULFA. |
| Opponents |  India (PLA is designated as a terrorist organisation by the Government of India[2]) |
| Battles and wars | Insurgency in Northeast India Naxalite-Maoist insurgency |
The People's Liberation Army of Manipur (PLA-MP or PLAM), often shortened to the People's Liberation Army, is a militant group fighting for the creation of an independent and socialist Manipur, a state in northeastern India.
History
[edit]The group founded by N. Bisheshwar Singh on 25 September 1978.[citation needed] Since its founding, it has been waging guerrilla warfare as part of the Insurgency in Manipur against the Indian Armed Forces, and has targeted the Indian Army, Indian Paramilitary Forces and the State Police Force.[citation needed] However, during the late nineties, it declared a unilateral decision not to target the Manipur Police.[citation needed]
The death of some top leaders in combat (like President Thoudam Kunjabehari in 1982), and the arrest of others (like N. Bisheshwar, arrested in 1981) decreased its military activity in the eighties.[citation needed] In 1989, a political wing called the Revolutionary People's Front (RPF) was formed.[3] The RPF formed a government in exile in Bangladesh, led by Irengbam Chaoren, and began a restructuring of the organisation. The Organisation become very active. Its operation was divided into four sections: Sadar Valley West Hill areas of Manipur, Sadar Hill areas in the east Valley, Hill areas of Manipur and Imphal valley, each with a commander, and other ranks.[citation needed]
Organisation
[edit]The PLA has an estimated strength of some 3 800 as of 2008.[citation needed]
PLA-MP is also a member of the Manipur Peoples Liberation Front, an umbrella organization of several Manipur secessionsts groups; namely, the UNLF and PREPAK. On 29 July 2020, three Indian soldiers in the Assam Rifles were killed and six injured in an ambush in Manipur's Chandel district near the Indo-Myanmar border.[citation needed]
In 2019, a confession by a PLAM member suggested that PLAM was in touch with Chinese People's Liberation Army. Sixteen platoons of PLAM returned to Manipur after receiving their training in China.[4]
Through the 2023 Manipur violence, the separatist PLAM as well as Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup (KYKL) witnessed a surge in recruitment of new and previously surrendered soldiers.[5]
On 25 February 2023, after the original chairman Irengbam Chaoren died of illness, Vice Chairman Manoharmayum Ngouba took over Irengbam's position as chairman.[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Irengbam Chaoren, elusive chief of Manipur terror outfit RPF, believed 'talks can't win freedom'". 13 February 2023.
- ^ "Banned Terrorist Organisations". National Investigation Agency (NIA). Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
- ^ "People's Liberation Army: Incidents and Statements involving People's Liberation Army: 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2000-2012". South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP). Archived from the original on 21 January 2018.
- ^ "How Manipur conflict fits into broader game plan of China". Firstpost. 13 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
- ^ Saikia, Arunabh (2 September 2023). "The return of Meitei insurgents marks a new turn in Manipur conflict". Scroll.in. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
- ^ "MM Ngouba the new president of RPF". Wesea Liberation. 25 February 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
External links
[edit]- 1978 establishments in Manipur
- Ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar
- Far-left politics in India
- Guerrilla organizations
- Insurgency in Northeast India
- Military units and formations established in 1978
- National liberation movements
- Naxalite groups
- Organisations based in Manipur
- Organisations designated as terrorist by India
- Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist
- Political parties established in 1978
- Political parties in Manipur
- Secessionist organizations in Asia
- Separatism in India