Pedro Pires

Pedro Pires
Pires in 2005
3rd President of Cape Verde
In office 22 March 2001 – 9 September 2011
Prime Minister	José Maria Neves
Preceded by	António Mascarenhas Monteiro
Succeeded by	Jorge Carlos Fonseca
Prime Minister of Cape Verde
In office 8 July 1975 – 4 April 1991
President	Aristides Pereira António Mascarenhas Monteiro
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Carlos Veiga
Personal details
Born	Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires (1934-04-29) 29 April 1934 (age 90) Fogo, Portuguese Cape Verde
Political party	African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde
Spouse	Adélcia Barreto
Alma mater	University of Lisbon

Pedro de Verona Rodrigues Pires (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾu vɨˈɾonɐ ʁuˈðɾiɣɨʃ ˈpiɾɨʃ]; born 29 April 1934) is a Cape Verdean politician who served as Prime Minister of Cape Verde from 1975 to 1991, and later as president from 2001 to 2011.

Pires was born in São Filipe, Fogo, Cape Verde to Luís Rodrigues Pires and wife Maria Fidalga Lopes. Later, he studied at Liceu Gil Eanes (Old High School) and Escola Jorge Barbosa in Mindelo during the 1950s and later abroad at the University of Lisbon in Portugal at the Faculty of Sciences. He fled to Conakry in 1962, then Ghana and afterwards headed to Algeria; he was trained in Cuba, the Soviet Union and Guinea-Bissau. He attended the Second PAIGC Congress in 1973. Before independence, he returned to Praia, Cape Verde on a Portuguese military ship on October 13, 1974.

Three days after the country became independent in 1975, he became the first prime minister of Cape Verde; the nation at the time was a one-party state under the rule of the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV). He opposed apartheid in South Africa and opposed foreign intervention in Africa. On October 20–22, 1980, he visited Paris. He visited that city again in 1989 and met with French prime minister Michel Rocard on 11 May 1989. He held additional portfolio of Minister of Finance from 1986 to 1990.^[1]

After the ruling PAICV decided to institute multiparty democracy in February 1990, Pires replaced President Aristides Pereira as General Secretary of PAICV in August 1990. The PAICV lost the multiparty parliamentary and presidential elections held in early 1991 and was left in opposition.

At a party congress in August 1993, Pires was replaced as General Secretary by Aristides Lima and was instead elected as President of PAICV.^[2] As a candidate for the party presidency at PAICV's September 1997 congress, he faced José Maria Neves^[3] and prevailed with 68% of the vote.^[4] He stepped down as PAICV President in 2000 in preparation for a presidential bid in the next year's election^[5] and he was succeeded by Neves.^[2] He officially announced his candidacy for the Presidency of Cape Verde on September 5, 2000.^[6]

Pires was the PAICV candidate in the February 2001 presidential election, defeating former prime minister Carlos Veiga of the Movement for Democracy (MpD) in the second round by just 12 votes.^[7][8][9] Pires took office on March 22; the MpD boycotted his inauguration, saying that the election was marred by a "non-transparent process".^[10] As president, Pires appointed Neves as prime minister.^[2]

On April 22, 2002, Pires was received the Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry of Portugal.^[11]

On June 7, 2005, the president paid hommage to Sergio Frusoni and declared him one of the Greatest Crioulo poets.

Days later on 16 and 17 June, he met and talked with the French Minister of Cooperation Brigitte Girardin in Praia for discussions with the Europe Union for obtaining special status, fight against insecurity.

When he was president, in October 2005, he visited Brazil, the capital city Brasília and met the president at the time Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

He ran for a second term in the presidential election held on 12 February 2006 and again prevailed over Veiga, this time winning in the first round by a 51%-49% margin.^[9]

In May 2008, he said that he favored a cautious, long-term approach to the formation of a United States of Africa, preferring that regional integration precede a continent-wide union. He attended the Tokyo International Conference on African Development at this time. On March 26 and 27 2009, he met with the foreign minister José Brito, the French Minister of Immigration (which includes Solidarity Development) Éric Besson on examining projects for solidarity development.

Pires was awarded the 2011 Mo Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership. The prize was awarded in recognition of Pires role in making Cape Verde a "model of democracy, stability and increased prosperity". The prize includes a monetary component of $5m.^[12]

He is married to Adélcia Barreto Pires,^[13][14][15] and has two children Sara and Indira.^[14][15]

 Cape Verde:

• Order of Amílcar Cabral

 Cuba:

• Order of José Martí

 Gambia:

• Grand Commander of the Order of the Republic of the Gambia, 2008^[16]

 Guinea-Bissau

• Amílcar Cabral Medal

 Portugal:

• Grand Collar of the Order of Prince Henry, 2002^[17]
• Grand Collar of the Order of Christ, Portugal, 1986^[17]

 Senegal:

• Grand Cross of the National Order of the Lion

 Timor Leste:

• Grand Collar of the Order of East Timor, 2011^[18]

• Doctor honoris causa, Lusophony University of Human Sciences, in the field of political sciences, 2011

• capeverde-islands.com – Biography of President Pedro Pires

Political offices
New office	Prime Minister of Cape Verde 1975–1991	Succeeded by Carlos Veiga
Preceded by António Mascarenhas Monteiro	President of Cape Verde 2001–2011	Succeeded by Jorge Carlos Fonseca
Awards and achievements
Preceded by Festus Mogae	Prize for Achievement in African Leadership 2011	Succeeded by Hifikepunye Pohamba