Shobha Gurtu

Shobha Gurtu
Background information
Birth name	Bhanumati Shirodkar
Born	(1925-02-08)8 February 1925 Belgaum, Karnataka, India
Died	27 September 2004(2004-09-27) (aged 79) Mumbai, India
Genres	Hindustani classical music
Occupation	singer
Years active	1940s–2004

Shobha Gurtu (1925–2004) was an Indian singer in the light Hindustani classical style. Though she had equal command over pure classical style, it was with light classical music that she received her fame, and in time came to be known as the Thumri Queen,^[1] and for the 'Abhinaya' sung in her full-throated voice. She was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2002.^[2][3]

Bhanumati Shirodkar was born in Belgaum, (present Karnataka) in 1925. Her mother, Menekabai Shirodkar, was a professional dancer. Menakabai was a 'gayaki' disciple of Ustad Alladiya Khan of the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana.^[4] It was from her that Shobha received her training in music from a very young age.

Shobha married Vishwanath Gurtu, a Kashmiri Brahmin gentleman from a good family, and became known as Shobha Gurtu. Her father-in-law, Pandit Narayan Nath Gurtu, was a highly placed officer in the Police, a scholar and also, as a hobby, he played the sitar.^[4] He was posted for several years in Belgaum district, which is how Shobha and Vishwanath became acquainted. The couple had three sons, Ravi, Trilok and Narendra. Their eldest son, Ravi Gurtu, was a rhythm player. Another son, Trilok Gurtu is a famed percussionist.^[5]

Though Shobha's formal music training began with 'Ustad Bhurji Khan', the youngest son of Ustad Alladiya Khan, the founder of the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana in Kolhapur, from whom her mother was learning at the time, while she was still a younger girl, and seeing her talent, Ustad Bhurji Khan's family immediately took a liking of her, and she started spending long hours with them. Her ties with the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana were to strengthen still, when she started learning from, Ustad Alladiya Khan's nephew Ustad Natthan Khan; though she really came into her own under the tutelage of Ustad Ghamman Khan, who came to stay with their family in Mumbai, to teach her mother thumri-dadra and other semi-classical forms.^[6][7]

Shobha Gurtu specialised in semi classical forms such as thumri, dadra, Kajri, Hori etc., effortlessly adding pure classical passages into her singing, thus creating a new form, and reviving the magic of forms like Thumri, of which she became a greatest exponent in time. She was particularly influenced by singer Begum Akhtar and Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan.^[8]

She also performed music in Marathi and Hindi cinema.^[9] As a playback singer, she first worked in Kamaal Amrohi's film, Pakeezah (1972),^[10] followed by Phagun (1973), where she sang, 'Bedardi ban gaye koi jaao manaao more saiyyaan'. She earned a Filmfare nomination as Best Female Playback Singer for the song "Saiyyan Rooth Gaye" from the hit film Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki (1978).^[11] In Marathi cinema, she sang for films like Saamna and Lal Mati. In 1979, The Gramophone Company of India (EMI) released her first album At Her Best... Shobha Gurtu, considered a high ranking classic recording displaying her dazzling vocal work in the eastern Uttar Pradesh (Purbi Gayaki) musical tradition rooted in the 19th century.

Over the years, she travelled all over the world for concerts, including one at the Carnegie Hall, New York City, performing alongside musical greats and, Pt. Birju Maharaj. Her album of gazal "Tarz" along with Mehdi Hassan was popular.^[12] She often lent her voice to the collaborative jazz albums of her son Trilok Gurtu. In 2000, she featured in the Jana Gana Mana Video, which was released to mark the 50th year of the Indian Republic, where she sang the Indian National Anthem, Jana Gana Mana, along with other leading classical singers and musicians of India.

In 1987, she received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, and was later awarded the Lata Mangeshkar Puraskar, Shahu Maharaj Puraskar and the Maharashtra Gaurav Puraskar. In 2002, she was awarded the Padma Bhushan.

After reigning over Hindustani classical music genre, for five decades, as the Queen of Thumri, Shobha Gurtu died on 27 September 2004, and was survived by her two sons.

• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1987
• Padma Bhushan in 2002^[13]
• Lata Mangeshkar Puraskar
• Shahu Maharaj Puraskar
• Maharashtra Gaurav Puraskar

• The Great Indians, by One India One People Foundation. Published by One India One People Foundation in collaboration with Authorspress, 2006. ISBN 81-7273-318-6. page 513.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shobha Gurtu.

• Shobha Gurtu at AllMusic
• Shobha Gurtu Website
• Shobha Gurtu sings "Saiyaan Nikas gaye'’ (Raag Bhairav) on YouTube