Ivan Šubašić

Ivan Šubašić
Ivan Šubašić
Minister of Foreign Affairs
	In office; 1 June 1944 – 17 October 1945
Monarch	Peter II
President	Josip Broz Tito
Prime Minister	Josip Broz Tito
Preceded by	Božidar Purić
Succeeded by	Josip Smodlaka
18th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
	In office; 8 July 1944 – 2 November 1944
Monarch	Peter II
Preceded by	Božidar Purić
Succeeded by	Josip Broz Tito
Ban of the Croatian Banovina
	In office; 24 August 1939 – 1941
Deputy	Ivo Krbek
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Personal details
Born	7 May 1892; Vukova Gorica, Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary; (now Croatia)
Died	22 March 1955 (aged 62); Zagreb, PR Croatia, Yugoslavia; (now Croatia)
Nationality	Yugoslav
Political party	Croatian Peasant Party (HSS)
Awards	Order of the White Eagle

Ivan Šubašić (7 May 1892 – 22 March 1955) was a Croat politician, best known as the last Ban of Croatia and Prime Minister of the royalist Yugoslav Government in exile during the Second World War.^[1]^[2]

Early life

Ivan Šubašić was born in Vukova Gorica, a village along the Karlovac-Rijeka highway in Karlovac district, Croatia. He completed the first grades of elementary school in the neighboring Prilišće and his secondary education in Zagreb. His studies at the Faculty of Theology (the University of Zagreb ) were cut short, as he was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army. Captured on the Eastern Front, he subsequently joined the Yugoslav volunteers fighting at the Salonica.

Once the war was over, Šubašić obtained his law degree at the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb and opened his first law office in Vrbovsko, close to his birth place. After meeting Vladko Maček, he joined the Croatian Peasant Party and was elected to the Yugoslav National Assembly in 1938.

Political career

With King Peter II in Italy after meeting Tito.

Ban of Croatia

In August 1939, Maček and Yugoslav Prime Minister Dragiša Cvetković reached the deal about the constitutional reconstruction of Yugoslavia and restoration of Croatian statehood in the form of Banovina of Croatia—an autonomous entity which, together with Croatia proper, included large sections of today's Bosnia and Herzegovina and some sections of today's Vojvodina, which contained an ethnic Croat majority. Šubašić was appointed as the first ban, or titular head of this entity, in charge of its government.

The Banovina came to an end together with Kingdom of Yugoslavia, following the invasion by Axis powers in April 1941. Šubašić joined the Yugoslav government-in-exile.

Government-in-exile

In emigration, Šubašić first represented the Yugoslav royal government in the United States. As NDH atrocities became public knowledge, he actively spoke on behalf of the Croatian people, as Konstantin Fotić, then a Yugoslav ambassador to the US used his position to portray the entire nation as murderous fascists. Gradually, the widening gap between the royalist government and Yugoslav major resistance movement embodied in Josip Broz Tito and his Communist-dominated Partisans forced Winston Churchill to mediate. Šubašić, a non-Communist Croat and a voice of reason was appointed as the new prime minister^[3] in order to reach a compromise between Tito—whose forces represented the de facto government on liberated territories—and the monarchy, which preferred Draža Mihailović and his Serb-dominated Chetniks.

Šubašić met with Tito on the island of Vis and negotiated the Tito–Šubašić agreement, which recognised the Partisans as the legitimate armed forces of Yugoslavia in exchange for Partisans formally recognising the new Royal government. Šubašić kept his post until 2 November 1944, when Tito formally became the new prime minister of Yugoslavia. Šubašić served as a foreign minister in his cabinet until October 1945. Finding out about the scope of mass murders of Croatian civilians and realizing there would be no democracy in the new Yugoslavia, he suffered a stroke and left politics for good, saying "he would not be a lid to the bloody pot" of the country.

Later life and death

Šubašić spent the remainder of his life away from the spotlight, closely followed by UDBA agents and dying in Zagreb in 1955 . About 10,000 people attended his funeral.^[4] He is buried in Mirogoj Cemetery.^[5]

References

prilisce.hr/Ivan Šubašić

Notes

^ Journal of Croatian Studies, XXVIII-XXIX, 1987–88 - Annual Review of the Croatian Academy of America, Inc. New York, N.Y., Electronic edition by Studia Croatica. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
^ Short biography on the website of the Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
^ Journal of Croatian Studies, XXIV, 1983 – Annual Review of the Croatian Academy of America, Inc. New York, N.Y., Electronic edition by Studia Croatica. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
^ Radelić, Zdenko, Ivan Šubašić i Juraj Šutej pod paskom Ozne.
^ Ivan Šubašić at Gradska groblja Archived 2010-03-08 at the Wayback Machine

Political offices
New title	Ban of Croatia 1939-1943	Succeeded by Vladimir Nazor as Chairman of the ZAVNOH
Preceded by Božidar Purić	Prime Minister of Yugoslavia Minister of Foreign Affairs 1944-1945	Succeeded by Josip Broz Tito

[1] Journal of Croatian Studies, XXVIII-XXIX, 1987–88 - Annual Review of the Croatian Academy of America, Inc. New York, N.Y., Electronic edition by Studia Croatica. Retrieved 2010-02-02.

[2] Short biography on the website of the Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2010-02-02.

[3] Journal of Croatian Studies, XXIV, 1983 – Annual Review of the Croatian Academy of America, Inc. New York, N.Y., Electronic edition by Studia Croatica. Retrieved 2010-02-02.

[4] Radelić, Zdenko, Ivan Šubašić i Juraj Šutej pod paskom Ozne.

[5] Ivan Šubašić at Gradska groblja Archived 2010-03-08 at the Wayback Machine

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