Indian locomotive class YDM-5

Indian locomotive class YDM-5
A YDM-5 preserved at DLW, Varanasi
Type and origin Power type Diesel Builder GM Order number 63/RSF/466/1 Serial number DL.142.A.61 Model GA12C Build date 1963-1964 Total produced 25
Specifications Configuration: ​  • UIC Co′Co′  • Commonwealth Co-Co Gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Wheel diameter 865 mm (34.06 in) Length: ​  • Over couplers 14.75 m (48 ft 4+3⁄4 in)  • Over body 13.26 m (43 ft 6 in) Width 2,730 mm (8 ft 11+1⁄2 in) Height 3,395 mm (11 ft 1+5⁄8 in) Axle load 11,650 kg (25,680 lb) Loco weight 69,180 kg (152,520 lb) Fuel type Diesel Fuel capacity 3,028 L (666 imp gal; 800 US gal) Lubricant cap. 625 L (137 imp gal; 165 US gal) Sandbox cap. 0.34 L (0.075 imp gal; 0.090 US gal) Power supply 110 V DC supply Prime mover EMD 12-567C RPM range 275-800 ​  • RPM idle 275  • Maximum RPM 800 Aspiration Turbo-supercharged Generator EMD D25 Traction motors 2 EMD D69MC ​  • Rating 1 hour 835 Amp  • Continuous 800 A Head end power 110 V DC Cylinders 12 Cylinder size 216 mm × 254 mm (8.50 in × 10.00 in) bore x stroke Transmission Diesel–electric transmission Gear ratio 4.598:1 MU working 2 Loco brake Air brake, Dynamic Braking Train brakes Vacuum brake Compressor 109.5 L (24.1 imp gal; 28.9 US gal) Exhauster 439 L (97 imp gal; 116 US gal)
Performance figures Maximum speed 80 km/h (50 mph) Power output: ​  • Starting 1,390 hp (1,040 kW)  • Continuous 1,240 hp (920 kW) Tractive effort: ​  • Starting 21.792 t (21 long tons; 24 short tons)  • Continuous 11.25 t (11 long tons; 12 short tons)
Career Operators Indian Railways Numbers 6080-6104 Official name nil Locale Western Railway zone Delivered 1963 First run 1964 Last run February 1998 Withdrawn February 1998 Preserved 1 (6098) Scrapped 2000 Disposition All except 1 unit have been scrapped

The Indian locomotive class YDM-5 is a class of diesel–electric locomotive that was developed in 1964 by General Motors (GM-EMD) for Indian Railways. The model name stands for Metre gauge (Y), Diesel (D), Mixed traffic (M) engine, 5th generation (5). They entered service in 1964. A total of 25 YDM-5 locomotives was built between 1963 and 1964.

The YDM-5 served both passenger and freight trains for over 35 years. As of January 2020, all 25 locomotives have been withdrawn from service with a single locomotives being preserved.

The history of YDM-5 begins in the early 1960s with the stated aim of the Indian Railways to remove steam locomotives from Indian metre after recommendation of Karnail Singh Fuel Committee.^[1] Therefore, required building a large number of Co-Co diesel locomotives. Thus Indian Railways began looking at various diesel–electric designs. EMD gave them the model number GA12C.^[2]

Meter gauge, though rare gauge today, used to be a dominant gauge at that time. After the introduction of YDM-1 locomotives by North British, Indian Railway thought for more powerful ones and hence EMD and the American Locomotive Company (ALCO) submitted designs of YDM-3/YDM-5 (12-567C) and YDM-4 respectively for new diesel locomotives. Each company supplied their locomotives in 1961. So about twenty five of these YDM-5 locomotives were ordered from General Motors, USA in the year 1963–64. While YDM-5 was 1 ton heavier than the YDM-4, Indian Railways opted for the ALCO design.^[3]

The YDM-4 was considered over the YDM-5 model because of these reasons.

• EMD would not consider transfer of technology at the time while ALCO accepted. This allowed YDM-4 locomotives to be manufactured in India.^[4]
• While YDM-5 had higher starting tractive effort than YDM4, the EMD locomotives were able to generate only half as much continuous tractive effort than their ALCO counterpart.
• The ALCO YDM-4 had the more heavier axle load.
• YDM-4 cab provided better view in long hood forward operation over the YDM-5 models which had cab at one end.^[5][6]
• Maximum speed on YDM-5 locomotives was only 80kmph compared to 100kmph for YDM4.^[7]
• YDM4 with its simpler electrics were easier to maintain.^[8]

These locomotives are designed for mixed traffic operation. The initial fleet of YDM3 locomotives were allocated and homed at the diesel locomotive shed in Siliguri and were tested extensively on the Northeast Frontier Railway zone (NFR).^[9] Then the entire YDM5 fleet was transferred to Sabarmati sometime after 1963. Sabarmati serving the present day Western Railway zone.^[10] They hauled passenger trains like Girnar Express, Pink City express, Ashram express.^[11] The YDM-5 locomotives had an unusual arrangement for the traction motors. These were mounted longitudinally on the mainframe and drove the wheel-sets through cardan shafts. This required a lot of maintenance, possibly more than the axle-hung motors of the YDM-4 types. But In cab-forward mode, the YDM-5 locomotives offered an excellent view, and the cabin was more spacious than the YDM-4.

By the late 1990s the locomotives were had been withdrawn from service, because of spare parts becoming difficult to source and work for the class was declining due to conversion of meter gauge to broad gauge.^[12] These locomotives were withdrawn as life-expired in February 1996 and the remainder of the batch that were not recently been overhauled followed in the next two years. All 25 were withdrawn by 1998 with the last YDM-5 (6098) Locomotives was withdrawn from service by February 1998.^[13]

Out of the 25 units built, only one locomotive has been preserved in front of BLW GM office.^{[14][15][16][17]}

• Silliguri (SGUJ)
• Sabarmati (SBI)
• All the locomotives of this class has been withdrawn from service.

Source:^[19]

• Indian locomotive class YDM-3
• Indian locomotive class WDM-4
• Locomotives of India
• Rail transport in India § History

• YDM-4 Diesel Locomotive Internals