Far East Fleet (United Kingdom)

Far East Fleet
Taranaki and Victorious underway during exercises in May 1964
Active	1952–1971
Country	UK
Branch	Royal Navy
Type	Fleet
Garrison/HQ	Singapore Naval Base
Engagements	Malayan Emergency Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation

The Far East Fleet (also called the Far East Station) was a fleet of the Royal Navy which existed between 1952 and 1971.

During the Second World War, the Eastern Fleet included many ships and personnel from other navies, including those of the Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand, France and the United States. On 22 November 1944 the Eastern Fleet was re-designated East Indies fleet and continued to be based in Trincomalee. Following its re-designation its remaining ships formed the British Pacific Fleet.^[1] In December 1945 the British Pacific Fleet was disbanded and its forces were absorbed into the East Indies Fleet. In 1952 The East Indies Fleet was renamed the Far East Fleet. After the Second World War the East Indies Station continued as a separate command to the Far East until 1958. In 1971 the Far East Fleet was abolished and its remaining forces returned home, coming under the command of the new, unified, Commander-in-Chief Fleet.

After the war, the East Indies Fleet was once again based at the Singapore Naval Base. The 1st Aircraft Carrier Squadron (HMS Glory and HMS Theseus) arrived from the British Pacific Fleet in October 1945, and operated from Trincomalee, then Singapore, from October 1945 to October 1947. In 1952, the East Indies Fleet was redesignated the Far East Fleet. The Fleet then took part in the Malayan Emergency and the Confrontation with Indonesia in the 1960s. By 1964, the fleet on station included Victorious, Centaur, Bulwark, Kent, Hampshire, 17 destroyers and frigates, about ten minesweepers and five submarines.^[2]

The Flag Officer Second-in-Command Far East Fleet, for most of the postwar period a rear admiral, was based afloat, and tasked with keeping the fleet "up to the mark operationally". Some also held the appointment of Flag Officer Commanding 5th Cruiser Squadron, probably including Rear Admiral E.G.A. Clifford CB, who was flying his flag in HMS Newcastle on 12 November 1953. Meanwhile, the fleet commander, a vice admiral, ran the fleet programme and major items of administration 'including all provision for docking and maintenance' from his base in Singapore.^[3]

In the last days of the East Indies Fleet North Korea invaded South Korea in June 1950, beginning the Korean War. William Andrewes was promoted to vice admiral on 1 December 1950, and on the 17th was made commander of the 5th Cruiser Squadron and Flag Officer Second in Command Far East Fleet, flying his flag in the light cruiser Belfast. After the outbreak of the Korean War he commanded British and Commonwealth Naval Forces,^[4] with the carrier Theseus as his flagship. He had two aircraft carriers available at any one time which he worked in eighteen-day cycles.^[5] At times he also led Task Force 91 (comprising all Blockade, Covering Force and Escort ships in Korean waters, affiliated with the United Nations Command) in 1951.^[4]

From February 1963 the remaining destroyer and frigate squadrons in the Far East Fleet were gradually amalgamated into Escort Squadrons. All were disbanded by the end of December 1966. Those in the Far East Fleet became the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Far East Destroyer Squadrons. HMS Loch Fada (K390) returned to service in June 1962 assigned to the 3rd Frigate Squadron of the Far East Fleet. She arrived at Colombo in October and was deployed in the Indian Ocean, calling at Diego Garcia and Malé, Maldives. She served with the Far East Fleet until mid-1967 before returning home to be paid off.

In November 1967 fleet senior officers supervised the final departure from Britain's beleaguered State of Aden. Rear Admiral Edward Ashmore, Flag Officer, Second-in-Command, Far East Fleet, serving as Commander Task Force 318, commanded the British warships assembled to cover the withdrawal from Aden and receive the final Royal Marine Commandos heli-evacuated from the RAF Khormaksar airfield.^[6]

The fleet was disbanded in 1971, and on 31 October 1971, the last day of the validity of the Anglo-Malayan Defence Agreement, the last Commander, Far East Fleet, Rear Admiral Anthony Troup, hauled down his flag.^[7]

Post holders included:^[8][9]

Included: ^{[citation needed]}

Included:^[12]

	Rank	Flag	Name	Term
Chief of Staff, Far East Fleet
1	Captain		Ralph L. Fisher	January – October 1952
2	Commodore		Laurence G. Durlacher	October 1952 – September 1954
3	Commodore		George A. F. Norfolk	September 1954 – October 1956
5	Commodore		Christopher H. Hutchinson	October 1956 – March 1959
6	Rear-Admiral		Ronald E. Portlock	March 1959 – April 1961
7	Rear-Admiral		Bryan C. Durant	April 1961 – July 1963
8	Rear-Admiral		Francis B. P. Brayne-Nicholls	July 1963 – July 1965
9	Rear-Admiral		Dennis H. Mason	July 1965 – December 1967
10	Rear-Admiral		Ian D. McLaughlan	December 1967 – February 1970
9	Rear-Admiral		John A. Templeton-Cotill	February 1970 – March 1971

As the Malayan Emergency developed, the Flag Officer, Malayan Area's title changed as his areas of responsibility increased.^[13]

Commodore, Amphibious Forces, Far East (COMAFFEF)^[14] was based at HMNB Singapore from May 1965 to March 1971.

The Amphibious Warfare Squadron was established in March 1961, which was responsible to the Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf until August 1962. It then was reassigned to Flag Officer, Middle East, until April 1965. The squadron was then transferred to the Far East where it was renamed Amphibious Forces under the new Commodore, Amphibious Forces, Far East Fleet in May 1965.^[15] The post was discontinued in March 1971.

Incumbents included:^[14]

	Rank	Flag	Name	Term
Commodore, Amphibious Forces, Far East Fleet
1	Commodore		Hardress L. Lloyd	May 1965 - May 1966
2	Commodore		David A. Dunbar-Nasmith	May 1966 - July 1967
3	Commodore		E. Gerard N. Mansfield	July 1967 - November 1968
4	Commodore		Thomas W. Stocker	November 1968 - September 1970
5	Commodore		Derek W. Napper	September 1970 - March 1971

This officer was based at HMS Tamar. He was responsible for administrating all naval establishments in Hong Kong including HMNB Hong Kong and, at times, exercised operational control over Royal Navy ships in that area.^[16]

Units that served in the fleet included:^[17][18]

• South-East Asian Theatre of World War II
• Indian Ocean naval campaigns 1942–45
• List of Eastern Fleet ships

• Grove, Eric (1987). Vanguard to Trident: British Naval Policy Since World War II. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0870215520.
• Heathcote, Tony (2002). The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734 – 1995. Pen & Sword Ltd. ISBN 0-85052-835-6.
• Hill, Richard (2000). Lewin of Greenwich. Weidenfeld Military. ISBN 978-0-304-35329-3.
• Jackson, Ashley (2006). The British Empire and the Second World War. London: Hambledon Continuum. ISBN 1-85285-417-0.
• Mackie, Colin (2018). "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865". gulabin.com. Colin Mackie. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
• Muggenthaler, August Karl (1980). German Raiders of World War II. London Pan. ISBN 0-330-26204-1.
• O'Hara, Vincent (2009). Struggle for the Middle Sea: the great navies at war in the Mediterranean theater, 1940–1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1591146483.
• Shores, Christopher; Cull, Brian; Izawa, Yasuho (1992). Bloody Shambles: The Drift to War to the Fall of Singapore. Vol. I. London: Grub Street. ISBN 0-948817-50-X.
• Watson, Dr Graham (2015). "Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployment 1947-2013". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith.

• Royal Navy in Pacific and Indian Oceans
• The Royal New Zealand Navy, Chapter 23 "The New Zealand Cruisers", Sydney David Waters, Historical Publications Branch, Wellington (Part of: The Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–1945)
• HMS Ceylon
• Details of Far East Fleet Composition in the 1960s
• Leading Air Mechanic Maurice Whiteing and his photographic record of HMS Indomitable with the Eastern Fleet