Ghulam Nabi Azad

Ghulam Nabi Azad Padma Bhushan
Official portrait, 2014
Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha
In office 8 June 2014 (2014-06-08) – 15 February 2021 (2021-02-15)[1]
Chairman	Mohammad Hamid Ansari Venkaiah Naidu
Deputy Leader	Anand Sharma
Preceded by	Arun Jaitley
Succeeded by	Mallikarjun Kharge
Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare
In office 22 May 2009 (2009-05-22) – 26 May 2014 (2014-05-26)
Prime Minister	Manmohan Singh
Preceded by	Anbumani Ramadoss
Succeeded by	Harsh Vardhan
7th Chief Minister of the state of Jammu & Kashmir
In office 2 November 2005 (2005-11-02) – 11 July 2008 (2008-07-11)
Governor	Srinivas Kumar Sinha Narinder Nath Vohra
Preceded by	Mufti Mohammad Sayeed
Succeeded by	Omar Abdullah
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
In office 11 February 2009 (2009-02-11) – 15 February 2021 (2021-02-15)
Preceded by	Saifuddin Soz
Constituency	Jammu and Kashmir(state)
In office 30 November 1996 (1996-11-30) – 29 January 2006 (2006-01-29)
Constituency	Jammu and Kashmir
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office 3 April 1990 – 2 April 1996
In office 1980–1989
Preceded by	Vasantrao Naik
Succeeded by	Anantrao Vithhalrao Deshmukh
Constituency	Washim, Maharashtra
Chairperson of Democratic Progressive Azad Party
Incumbent
Assumed office 26 September 2022
Preceded by	position established
Union Minister of Parliamentary Affairs
In office 23 May 2004 – 1 November 2005
Prime Minister	Manmohan Singh
Preceded by	Sushma Swaraj
Succeeded by	Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi
In office 18 January 1996 – 16 May 1996
Prime Minister	P. V. Narasimha Rao
Preceded by	Vidya Charan Shukla
Succeeded by	Pramod Mahajan
In office 21 June 1991 – 18 January 1993
Prime Minister	P. V. Narasimha Rao
Preceded by	Satya Prakash Malaviya
Succeeded by	Vidya Charan Shukla
Personal details
Born	Ghulam Nabi Bhatt (1949-03-07) 7 March 1949 (age 75) Bhalessa, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Political party	Democratic Progressive Azad Party
Other political affiliations	Indian National Congress (1973–2022)
Spouse	Shameema Dev Azad ​ (m. 1980)​
Children	Saddam Nabi Azad (son)[2] Sofiya Nabi Azad (daughter)[3]
Alma mater	Government Degree Colleges, Bhadarwah G.G.M. Science College University of Jammu University of Kashmir
Awards	Padma Bhushan (2022)

Ghulam Nabi Azad (born 7 March 1949) is an Indian politician who served as Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha between 2014 and 2021. He also served as the Chief Minister of erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir from 2005 to 2008. On 26 September 2022, Azad announced his own political party as Democratic Progressive Azad Party. He is the chief patron cum founder of Democratic Progressive Azad Party.

Azad served as Minister of Health and Family Welfare.^[4] He has served as the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs in the Manmohan Singh government until 27 October 2005, when he was appointed the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. On 26 August 2022, Azad resigned from Indian National Congress and mulled creating a new party at the national level.^[5]

He also led the party successfully in the 2002 Assembly election in Jammu and Kashmir. He was bestowed with the Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, in 2022 by the Indian Government in the field of Public Affairs.^[6]

Ghulam Nabi Azad was born in a village named Soti of Gandoh tehsil (Bhalessa) in the formerly princely state of Jammu and Kashmir's Doda district. His parents were Rahamatullah Batt and Basa Begum. He attended the local school in his village. Later for higher studies he moved to Jammu and received his Bachelor's of Science degree from G.G.M. Science College.^[7][8][9] Furthermore, he also received a Master's in Zoology degree from the University of Kashmir, Srinagar in 1972.^[10]

Azad started his career soon after working as the secretary for the Block Congress Committee in Bhalessa in 1973. Two years later, he was nominated as the President of the Jammu and Kashmir Pradesh Youth Congress. In 1980, he was appointed the President of the All-India Youth Congress.^[10]

After being elected to the Seventh Lok Sabha from Maharashtra's Washim (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1980, Azad entered into the Central government as Deputy Minister in charge of Law, Justice and Company Affairs Ministry in 1982.

Subsequently, he was elected to the Eighth Lok Sabha in 1984 and was a member (1990 - 1996) from Maharashtra in Rajya Sabha.^[11] During Rao's government, Azad took charge of Parliamentary Affairs and Civil Aviation ministries. He was subsequently elected to Rajya Sabha from Jammu and Kashmir during the term of 30 November 1996 to 29 November 2002 and 30 November 2002 to 29 November 2008, but resigned on 29 April 2006 as he became Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir on 2 November 2005.^[11]

The People's Democratic Party, a coalition partner of the Indian National Congress in Jammu and Kashmir, withdrew its support for Azad's government, and rather than attempt to sustain his government by requesting a vote of confidence, Azad resigned on 7 July 2008, and later left office on 11 July 2008.^[12]

In the second United Progressive Alliance Government, led by Manmohan Singh, Azad was sworn in as the Health Minister of India. He was elected to Rajya Sabha for the fourth and fifth terms from Jammu and Kashmir during the term of 30 November 1996 to 29 November 2002.^[11] He vowed to expand the National Rural Health Mission, which has mobilized half a million health workers, all across India, and later his ministry also launched a National Urban Health Mission, to serve the slum dwelling urban poor.^[13][14]

He has suggested a late marriage age of between 25 and 30 for population control, and has said that lack of electricity & thereby absence of TV entertainment in rural areas will cause people to produce more children.^[15]

In June 2014, after the National Democratic Alliance won a majority in the Lok Sabha and formed the Union government, Azad was appointed the leader of opposition in the Rajya Sabha, where Congress still held the majority.^[16]

In 2015, Azad got re-elected to the Rajya Sabha from Jammu and Kashmir, despite the PDP-BJP alliance holding a majority of seats in the Legislative Assembly.^[17]

In August 2022, Azad resigned from the post of chairman of the Jammu and Kashmir Congress campaign committee hours after his appointment. Sonia Gandhi accepted the resignation from Azad. On 26 August 2022, he resigned from all positions including primary membership of the party.^[18][19][20] In his resignation letter, he cited destruction of consultative process by Rahul Gandhi as a reason.^[21]

On 4 September 2022, Azad announced the formation of a new political party after resigning from Congress. He said the people of Jammu and Kashmir will decide the name and the flag for the new party.^[22]

On 26 September 2022, Azad announced the name of his new party as Democratic Progressive Azad Party. The flag of the Democratic Azad Party has three colours: mustard, white, and blue.^[23]

Azad married Shameema Dev Azad, a well known Kashmiri singer, in 1980, and they have a son Saddam Nabi Azad and a daughter Sofiya Nabi Azad.^{[24][25][26][27]}

• In March 2022, Ghulam Nabi Azad received Padma Bhushan from President Ram Nath Kovind.^[28]
• Outstanding Parliamentarian Award 2015, at Parliament House, New Delhi on 1 August 2018

• Slippery slope, India Today, 14 November 2005.
• Ghulam Nabi Azad, India Today, 21 May 2009.

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