Great Milton

Great Milton
St Mary the Virgin parish church
Great Milton Location within Oxfordshire
Area	7.90 km2 (3.05 sq mi)
Population	1,042 (2011 Census)
• Density	132/km2 (340/sq mi)
OS grid reference	SP6302
Civil parish	Great Milton
District	South Oxfordshire
Shire county	Oxfordshire
Region	South East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Oxford
Postcode district	OX44
Dialling code	01844
Police	Thames Valley
Fire	Oxfordshire
Ambulance	South Central
UK Parliament	Henley and Thame
Website	Great Milton, Oxfordshire
List of places UK England Oxfordshire 51°43′12″N 1°05′13″W / 51.720°N 1.087°W / 51.720; -1.087

Great Milton is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about 7 miles (11 km) east of Oxford. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 1,042.^[1]

Great Milton church of England primary school is a prominent part of the village community with the only village tennis courts.

The Domesday Book of 1086 records that Remigius de Fécamp, Bishop of Lincoln held a large estate of 31 hides of land at Great Milton.^[2] The estate had presumably belonged to the Diocese of Dorchester,^[2] of which Remigius had been consecrated bishop in 1070. The see of Dorchester had been absorbed into that of Lincoln in 1072, and Remigius had been translated to Lincoln as bishop of the newly united diocese.

The Domesday Book lists two water mills in the parish.^[2] By the time of the Hundred Rolls in 1279 there was a third watermill and in about 1500 there was a fourth mill.^[2] There is no known subsequent record of the third and fourth mills, but both of the others seem to have survived until the 17th century and in at least one case the 18th century.^[2] By the end of 19th century both mills were disused.^[2]

Great Milton had a post mill with four sails. In about 1901 Henry Taunt photographed it, by which time it had lost one pair of sails and appeared derelict.^[3]

In 1762 a fire destroyed 16 houses in the village.^[4]

By 1822 the parish had at least four public houses: the Bell, the Bull, the King's Head and the Red Lion.^[2] The Bell, King's Head and Red Lion had all ceased trading by the 1990s. Greene King Brewery controlled The Bull until 2013, when 110 villagers including chef Raymond Blanc bought it and turned it into a community pub.^[5][6]

The nave and chancel of the Church of England parish church of Saint Mary were built shortly after the Norman Conquest of England. The building was damaged by fire in the 13th century. During the 14th century the chancel was enlarged and the north and south aisles were added. At this time the church served a parish including the villages of Chilworth Valery and Chilworth Muzzard, the hamlets of Combe and Little Milton, and the manor of Ascot. In 1850 St Mary's was restored at a cost of £2,000.

In 1552 St Mary's had four bells plus a Sanctus bell, and in 1631 Ellis I Knight of Reading, Berkshire cast a ring of five bells.^[2] It now has a ring of eight. Ellis II & Henry III Knight recast what are now the fifth and eighth bells in 1673.^[2][7] Thomas Rudhall of Gloucester cast the treble, second and third bells in 1771 and the tenor bell in 1772.^[7] In 1848 William Taylor of Loughborough, who at that time also had a foundry at Oxford, cast the sixth bell.^[7] In 1825 W & J Taylor of Loughborough also cast the present Sanctus bell.^[7]

St Mary's has a church clock that was made in 1699 by Nicholas Harris of Fritwell.^[8]

Great Milton Methodist church was built in 1842 as a Wesleyan chapel.^[9] It is a member of the Oxford Methodist Circuit.^[10]

The oldest part of Great Milton Manor House is 15th-century. The south wing was rebuilt around 1600, and the north wing later in the 17th century. In 1908 the house was doubled in size to designs by the architect EP Warren.^[11] In 1984 Raymond Blanc had the house converted into Le Manoir aux Quat'Saisons hotel and restaurant. It is a Grade II* listed building.^[12]

The Priory is a 16th- and 17th-century Tudor and Jacobean house^[13] in Church Road, said to have been built for Herbert Westfaling and later to have been the home of John Thurloe. It is a Grade II* listed building.^[14]

Pettits House is an early 17th-century Jacobean house in the High Street. In 1854 a school room and a bell gable were added to the north side to accommodate a National School for the parish. In the 20th century the parish school moved to new premises and the school room was converted into a house. It is a Grade II* listed building.^[15]

The Great House was built around 1720.^[13] It has a seven-bay front facing the parish church. In 1788 the politician Richard Ryder had a south wing added, almost certainly designed by James Wyatt. It is a Grade II* listed building.^[16]

The village has a Church of England Primary School, a public house, The Bull,^[17] and a post office and general store. The Manor House is now Raymond Blanc's restaurant and hotel, Le Manoir aux Quat'Saisons.

Great Milton has two bus services. Oxford Bus Company route 46 links the village with central Oxford via Wheatley, Horspath and Cowley. Buses run hourly, seven days a week, from early morning until after midnight.^[18] Red Rose Travel route 275 serves the village six days a week, once each morning on the way to Oxford and once each afternoon on the way back to High Wycombe. It does not serve Great Milton on Sundays or Bank Holidays.^[19]

The village was the original base of Great Milton Hockey Club, a mixed-sex field hockey team that plays annually in the Oxfordshire Gladiators' Cup.^[20]

• Raymond Blanc (born 1949), chef patron at Le Manoir aux Quat' Saisons, a hotel-restaurant in the village
• Sinclair Hood, archaeologist and academic. (1917-2021)^[21]
• Michael de Larrabeiti (1934–2008), an English novelist and travel writer, lived in the village.^[22]
• Peter Lawrence (1913–2005), a master at Eton College and an author, retired to Great Milton in 1977.^[23]
• Sir Tim Rice (born 1944), lyricist and author. ^[24]
• Richard Ryder (1766–1832), politician, Home Secretary between 1809 and 1812.^[25]
• Thomas Skynner (17281789), Archdeacon of Totnes from 1772 until 1775.^[26]
• William Speechly (1735–1819), horticulturalist and early cultivator of pineapples and grapes in the UK.^[27]
• John Thurloe (1616–68), Secretary of State under Oliver Cromwell.^[28]
• Sir Martin Wood CBE, FRS, (1927–2021), an engineer.^[29]
• Dr Peter Zinovieff (1933–2021), composer, musician, inventor and engineer^[30]

• Beeson, CFC (1989) [1962]. Simcock, AV (ed.). Clockmaking in Oxfordshire 1400–1850 (3rd ed.). Oxford: Museum of the History of Science. pp. 46–47. ISBN 0-903364-06-9.
• Emery, Frank (1974). Hoskins, WG (ed.). The Oxfordshire Landscape. The Making of the English Landscape. London: Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 117, 167, 218. ISBN 0-340-04301-6.
• Graham, Malcolm (1973). Henry Taunt of Oxford: A Victorian Photographer. Headington: Oxford Illustrated Press. ISBN 0-902280-14-7.
• Lobel, Mary D, ed. (1962). "Great Milton". A History of the County of Oxford. Victoria County History. Vol. VII: Thame and Dorchester Hundreds. London: Oxford University Press for the Institute of Historical Research. pp. 117–146.
• Sherwood, Jennifer; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974). Oxfordshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. pp. 620–623. ISBN 0-14-071045-0.

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