Gilman Marston

Gilman Marston
United States Senator from New Hampshire
In office March 4, 1889 – June 18, 1889
Appointed by	Charles H. Sawyer
Preceded by	William E. Chandler
Succeeded by	William E. Chandler
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's 1st district
In office March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867
Preceded by	Daniel Marcy
Succeeded by	Jacob Hart Ela
In office March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1863
Preceded by	James Pike
Succeeded by	Daniel Marcy
Member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
In office 1845–1849 1872–1873 1876–1878
Personal details
Born	(1811-08-20)August 20, 1811 Orford, New Hampshire
Died	July 3, 1890(1890-07-03) (aged 78) Exeter, New Hampshire
Nationality	American
Political party	Republican
Alma mater	Dartmouth College Harvard University
Occupation	Soldier, politician
Military service
Allegiance	United States of America Union
Branch/service	United States Army Union Army
Years of service	1861 - 1865
Rank	Brigadier general
Commands	2nd New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry
Battles/wars	American Civil War

Gilman Marston (August 20, 1811 – July 3, 1890) was a United States representative, Senator, and United States Army general from New Hampshire.

Marston was born in Orford, New Hampshire. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1837 and from the law department of Harvard University in 1840. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1841 and was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1845 to 1849. He was a delegate to the State constitutional convention of 1850.

Marston was elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1863). He was a strong supporter of President Abraham Lincoln and the war effort.

Marston served in the Union Army during the Civil War. He first saw combat as colonel of the 2nd New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry during the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861. His arm was shattered, but he refused an amputation. After he recovered, he fought in the Peninsula Campaign, Second Battle of Bull Run, and Battle of Fredericksburg.

Marston was promoted to brigadier general of U.S. volunteers, effective November 29, 1862. Prior to the Chancellorsville campaign, he was relieved from duty with the Army of the Potomac and assigned to the defenses of Washington where he returned to his seat in Congress. After Gettysburg, Marston was directed to establish a prison camp in Maryland, which later became known as Point Lookout. The area was designated the District of Saint Mary's under the overall command of Maj. Gen. Benjamin Butler. In 1864, he commanded a brigade in Maj. Gen. W.F. "Baldy" Smith's XVIII Corps during the Bermuda Hundred Campaign. He took part in a disastrous assault on Cold Harbor, where his brigade suffered heavy casualties. During the Union assaults on Petersburg, Gilman assumed command of the 1st Division in the XVIII Corps on the last day of battle. Thereafter he commanded the Union troops on the north side of the James River with his headquarters located at Fort Pocahontas. Occasionally he returned to command of the 1st Division, including a brief stint during the Second Battle of Fair Oaks. Having been re-elected to Congress he resigned 1865, whereupon he received the thanks of the state of New Hampshire.

Marston was elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865–March 3, 1867) and in 1870 declined the Governorship of Idaho Territory. In 1872, 1873, and 1876 to 1878, he was again a member of the State house of representatives. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1876 to the Forty-fifth Congress and was a delegate to the State constitutional convention of 1876.

On March 4, 1889, Marston was appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy in the term commencing on that date and served until June 18, 1889, when a successor was elected. He died in Exeter in 1890; interment was in Exeter Cemetery.

• List of American Civil War generals (Union)

• United States Congress. "Gilman Marston (id: M000165)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved on 2008-02-12

• Media related to Gilman Marston at Wikimedia Commons
• Grave of Gilman Marston: plaque, "stone" (both on Flickr).