Bezhetsk

Bezhetsk Бежецк
Town[1]
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Bezhetsk
Bezhetsk Location of Bezhetsk Show map of Russia Bezhetsk Bezhetsk (Tver Oblast) Show map of Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 57°46′N 36°42′E / 57.767°N 36.700°E / 57.767; 36.700
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative district	Bezhetsky District[2]
Urban settlement	Bezhetsk[2]
Town status since	1776
Elevation	145 m (476 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[3]
• Total	24,522
Administrative status
• Capital of	Bezhetsky District,[4] Bezhetsk Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Bezhetsky Municipal District[5]
• Urban settlement	Bezhetsk Urban Settlement[5]
• Capital of	Bezhetsky Municipal District,[6] Bezhetsk Urban Settlement[5]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [7])
Postal code(s)[8]	171980–171984, 171987, 171988, 171999
Dialing code(s)	+7 48231
OKTMO ID	28604101001
Website	bezhetsk.tv

Bezhetsk (Russian: Бе́жецк) is a town and the administrative center of Bezhetsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Mologa River at its confluence with the Ostrechina. Population: 24,522 (2010 Census);^[3] 28,643 (2002 Census);^[9] 30,377 (1989 Soviet census);^[10] 29,000 (1967). It was previously known as Gorodetsk (until 1766).^[11]

The settlement of Bezhichi was first mentioned in 1137, when it was owned by Novgorod. The original name, with the literal meaning of "refugees", suggests that early settlers were former Novgorodians. Historical Bezhichi was located 20 kilometers (12 mi) north from the present-day town; the settlement was destroyed by raiders in 1272 and re-established on the present site as the fortress of Gorodetsk (Городецк).

In the early 15th century, the area of Bezhetsky Verkh was annexed by Grand Duchy of Moscow. Since 1433, Bezhetsk had its own prince, who was subordinate to the Grand Prince of Moscow.^[11]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Gorodetsk was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as St. Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate.^{[citation needed]} In 1766, Gorodetsk was renamed Bezhetsk.^[11] In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates.^{[citation needed]} In 1776, Bezhetsk became the seat of Bezhetsky Uyezd.^{[citation needed]} In 1796, Tver Viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate.^{[citation needed]} Bezhetsk remained the administrative center of the uyezd until 1929.^[12]

On July 12, 1929, the governorates and uyezds were abolished.^[12] Bezhetsky District, with the administrative center in Bezhetsk, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast.^[12] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.^[12] On January 29, 1935, Kalinin Oblast was established and Bezhetsk was transferred to Tver Oblast.^[12] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.^[13]

In the late 20th century, Bezhetsk, as a "reference small town" with well-preserved archives, became a subject of detailed academic studies of the 18th-century Russian countryside.^{[14][page needed]}

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Bezhetsk serves as the administrative center of Bezhetsky District.^[4] As an administrative division, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated within Bezhetsky District as Bezhetsk Urban Settlement.^[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Bezhetsky Municipal District.^[5]

Enterprises of timber, textile, and food industries, as well as a plant producing air compressors, are located in Bezhetsk.^[15]

A railway connecting Rybinsk and Bologoye via Sonkovo passes through Bezhetsk, which is an important railway station.

Bezhetsk is located on the road connecting Tver and Vesyegonsk. It is also connected by roads with Sonkovo, Kesova Gora, and Maksatikha. There are local roads as well, with bus traffic originating from Bezhetsk.

The Mologa River is not navigable.

Bezhetsk contains seven cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twenty-four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments include trade arcades and the Church of the Presentation of Mary.^[16] The oldest building in Bezhetsk is the white tent-like campanile of the Vvedenskaya Church, which was built by Yaroslavl masters in 1680–1682. The church itself was destroyed during the Soviet years. The Vozdvizhenskaya church goes back to the turn of the 18th century.

The Bezhetsk District and Literature Museum, located in Bezhetsk, shows expositions about the author Vyacheslav Shishkov and the musician Vasily Andreyev, who were both born in Bezhetsk.^[17]

Bezhetsk is home to Dorokhovo, a major military air base.

Bezhetsk and Bezhetsky Uyezd were the birthplace of writer Vyacheslav Shishkov, artists Alexander Samokhvalov and Sergey Osipov, and musician Vasily Andreyev.

• А. Б. Каменский (A. B. Kamensky). Повседневность русских городских обывателей (Everyday Life of Russian City Dwellers). М., РГГУ, 2006. ISBN 5-7281-0807-5
• Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №34-ЗО от 17 апреля 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области», в ред. Закона №66-ЗО от 1 октября 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 18 Закона Тверской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №17 (специальный выпуск), 19 апреля 2006 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #34-ZO of April 17, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast, as amended by the Law #66-ZO of October 1, 2014 On Amending Article 18 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
• Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №18-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Бежецкий район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №55-ЗО от 13 июля 2009 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение №1 к Закону Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Бежецкий район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #18-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Bezhetsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #55-ZO of July 13, 2009 On Amending Appendix 1 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Bezhetsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №4-ЗО от 18 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов», в ред. Закона №65-ЗО от 24 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 2 Закона Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №3, 21–27 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).

• Official website of Bezhetsk (in Russian)
• Bezhetsk Business Directory (in Russian)