Chrysolaminarin

Chrysolaminarin
Names
	Other names Chrysolaminaran; Leucosin
Identifiers
CAS Number	9013-94-9 ;
ChemSpider	none;
Properties
Chemical formula	variable
Molar mass	variable
Melting point	273 °C (523 °F; 546 K)
Solubility in water	Soluble
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Chrysolaminarin is a linear polymer of β(1→3) and β(1→6) linked glucose units in a ratio of 11:1.^[1]^[2] It used to be known as leucosin.

Function

Chrysolaminarin is a storage polysaccharide typically found in photosynthetic heterokonts. It is used as a carbohydrate food reserve by phytoplankton such as Bacillariophyta (similar to the use of laminarin by brown algae).^[3]

Chrysolaminarin is stored inside the cells of these organisms dissolved in water and encapsuled in vacuoles whose refractive index increases with chrysolaminarin content. In addition, heterokont algae use oil as a storage compound. Besides energy reserve, oil helps the algae to control their buoyancy.^[4]

Chrysolaminarin is also the major storage polysaccharide of most haptophyte algae.^[5]^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b Beattie; Hirst, EL; Percival, E; et al. (1961). "Studies on the metabolism of the Chrysophyceae. Comparative structural investigations on leucosin (chrysolaminarin) separated from diatoms and laminarin from the brown algae". Biochem. J. 79 (3): 531–537. doi:10.1042/bj0790531. PMC 1205682. PMID 13688276.
^ Basic definition of chrysolaminarin Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Susquehanna University
^ Biological use of chrysolaminarin Archived 1998-05-02 at archive.today, California State University, Stanislaus
^ Pulz; Gross (2004). "Valuable products from biotechnology of microalgae". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 65 (6): 635–48. doi:10.1007/s00253-004-1647-x. PMID 15300417. S2CID 42079864.
^ Tsuji, Yoshinori; Yoshida, Masaki (2017). "Biology of Haptophytes: Complicated Cellular Processes Driving the Global Carbon Cycle". Advances in Botanical Research. Vol. 84. Elsevier. p. 219–261. doi:10.1016/bs.abr.2017.07.002. ISBN 978-0-12-802651-9.
^ Penot, Mathias; Dacks, Joel B.; Read, Betsy; Dorrell, Richard G. (2022-12-31). "Genomic and meta-genomic insights into the functions, diversity and global distribution of haptophyte algae". Applied Phycology. 3 (1): 340–359. doi:10.1080/26388081.2022.2103732. ISSN 2638-8081.

[Beattie-1] Beattie; Hirst, EL; Percival, E; et al. (1961). "Studies on the metabolism of the Chrysophyceae. Comparative structural investigations on leucosin (chrysolaminarin) separated from diatoms and laminarin from the brown algae". Biochem. J. 79 (3): 531–537. doi:10.1042/bj0790531. PMC 1205682. PMID 13688276.

[2] Basic definition of chrysolaminarin Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Susquehanna University

[3] Biological use of chrysolaminarin Archived 1998-05-02 at archive.today, California State University, Stanislaus

[4] Pulz; Gross (2004). "Valuable products from biotechnology of microalgae". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 65 (6): 635–48. doi:10.1007/s00253-004-1647-x. PMID 15300417. S2CID 42079864.

[d311-5] Tsuji, Yoshinori; Yoshida, Masaki (2017). "Biology of Haptophytes: Complicated Cellular Processes Driving the Global Carbon Cycle". Advances in Botanical Research. Vol. 84. Elsevier. p. 219–261. doi:10.1016/bs.abr.2017.07.002. ISBN 978-0-12-802651-9.

[x389-6] Penot, Mathias; Dacks, Joel B.; Read, Betsy; Dorrell, Richard G. (2022-12-31). "Genomic and meta-genomic insights into the functions, diversity and global distribution of haptophyte algae". Applied Phycology. 3 (1): 340–359. doi:10.1080/26388081.2022.2103732. ISSN 2638-8081.

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