Calauan

Calauan
Municipality
Municipality of Calauan
Downtown area of Calauan
Flag Seal
Nickname:  Home of the Sweet Laguna Pineapple[1]
Map of Laguna with Calauan highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Calauan Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°09′N 121°19′E / 14.15°N 121.32°E / 14.15; 121.32
Country	Philippines
Region	Calabarzon
Province	Laguna
District	3rd district
Barangays	17 (see Barangays)
Government  [2]
• Type	Sangguniang Bayan
• Mayor	Roseller G. Caratihan
• Vice Mayor	Allan Jun V. Sanchez
• Representative	Loreto S. Amante
• Municipal Council	Members Mark Austine C. Camargo Joewel M. Gonzales Allan Antonio V. Sanchez II Ave Marie Tonee S. Alcid June Joseph F. Brion Charles Owen M. Caratihan Aldrin P. Alimbuyog Joselito M. Manalo
• Electorate	46,467 voters (2022)
Area [3]
• Total	65.40 km2 (25.25 sq mi)
Elevation	124 m (407 ft)
Highest elevation	1,084 m (3,556 ft)
Lowest elevation	2 m (7 ft)
Population  (2020 census)[4]
• Total	87,693
• Density	1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi)
• Households	21,374
Demonym	Calaueño
Economy
• Income class	2nd municipal income class
• Poverty incidence	6.98 % (2021)[5]
• Revenue	₱ 241.3 million (2020)
• Assets	₱ 803.7 million (2020)
• Expenditure	₱ 159.2 million (2020)
• Liabilities	₱ 136.3 million (2020)
Service provider
• Electricity	Manila Electric Company (Meralco)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	4012
PSGC	043406000
IDD : area code	+63 (0)49
Native languages	Tagalog
Website	www.calauanlaguna.gov.ph

Calauan (IPA: [kɐˈlaː.wɐn]), officially the Municipality of Calauan (Tagalog: Bayan ng Calauan), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. The municipality has a land area of 25.25 square miles which constitutes 3.41% of Laguna's total area. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 87,693 people.^[4]

Situated at 73 kilometers (45 mi) southeast of Manila, via Calamba and Los Baños, and 26 kilometers (16 mi) from Santa Cruz. Calauan is known for the Pineapple Festival, which is celebrated every 15 May.

The patron saint of Calauan is Isidore the Laborer, the patron of farmers, known in Spanish as San Isidro Labrador.

Calauan's population is expected to rise, as the town is being used as resettlement of informal settlers in Metro Manila through the Bayan ni Juan and the Kapit-Bisig para sa Ilog Pasig project of the ABS-CBN Foundation.

Popular destinations in the area include the Field of Faith situated in Barangay Lamot 2 and the Isdaan Floating Restaurant located along the Calamba–Pagsanjan Road.

Calauan, also spelled as Calauang,^[6] got its name from the Tagalog term kalawang, which means rust. Folklore has it that during the construction of the Municipal Church, water seeped into the holes dug for its foundation, giving it a brown, rusty hue, hence the name Calauan (Kalawang).

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The fertile soil of Calauan attracted the attention of Captain Juan de Salcedo, when he passed through Laguna and Tayabas (now Quezon) on his way to Bicol in 1570. Ten years later, Spanish authorities established a town government two kilometers (1.2 mi) from the site of the present Poblacion, in what is now Barrio Mabacan. They called the townsite “Calauan” (Tagalog word for rust). Following in epidemic in 1703, the town was moved to its present site at the fork of three roads—now to the south-west leading to San Pablo, the other southeastward to Santa Cruz, the provincial capital, and the third going North to Manila.

At the turn of the 18th century, when Bay was designated as the provincial capital of Laguna, Calauan became a sitio of Bay. Merchants going to Southern Luzon passed through Bay and Calauan. One of them, an opulent Spaniard by the name of Iñigo, bought large tracts of land in Calauan in 1812. The landholdings of Iñigo and, later, of his heirs were so vast that many portions were still unsettled. The property was and still is, known as Hacienda Calauan. About a century later, the people of Calauan fought a “guardia civil” during the Philippine Revolution. Basilio Geiroza (better known as Cabesang Basilio) and his men routed a battalion of “guardia civiles” in a five-hour battle in Bario Cupangan (now Lamot I) in December 1897. During the subsequent Philippine-American hostilities, Calauan patriots fought numerically superior forces of General Otis in Barrio San Diego of San Pablo. With the establishment of civilian authority in Calauan in 1902, the Americans assigned Mariano Marfori as first “presidente”. Hacienda Calauan financed the construction of a hospital in 1926, and Mariano O. Marfori Jr. son of the first municipal presidente, as hospital director and the resident physician, respectively.

In 1939, by the request of President Manuel L. Quezon, Doña Margarita Roxas vda. de Soriano, granddaughter of the Spaniard, Iñigo., subdivided Hacienda Calauan and sold it to the tenants, part of what remained was converted into a rest house and a swimming pool and it became one of the tourist attractions until 1956.

In 1993, the town became the focus of media attention when Antonio Sanchez, who was serving as mayor at the time, got involved into a rape and double murder case involving two University of the Philippines Los Baños students. Sanchez and several other men were given a life sentence in March 1995.^[7]

Barangay Lamot 2 in Calauan is the site is the site of Mount Kalisungan,^[8] known for being site where retreating Japanese soldiers made their last stand in Laguna at the end of World War II.^[8] The 760 MASL mountain is sometimes also known as Mount Nagcarlan or Mount Lamot, and is a traditional during holy week hiking site among locals.^[8] It is considered a hiker's favorite because it offers a clear view of Talim Island, Mount Tagapo, the Jalajala peninsula and Mount Sembrano to the north, the Caliraya highlands to the east, the seven lakes of San Pablo, Mount San Cristobal and Mount Banahaw to the south, and Mount Makiling to the west.^[8]

Calauan is politically subdivided into 17 barangays. ^[9] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

In the 2020 census, the population of Calauan, Laguna, was 87,693 people,^[4] with a density of 1,300 inhabitants per square kilometer or 3,400 inhabitants per square mile.

Poverty incidence of Calauan

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Calauan.

• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Philippine Census Information
• Local Governance Performance Management System