[go: up one dir, main page]
Jump to content

2015 Ankara bombings

Coordinates: 39°56′11″N 32°50′38″E / 39.9364°N 32.8438°E / 39.9364; 32.8438
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2015 Ankara bombings
Part of Turkey-ISIL conflict
"Democracy" memorial in front of Ankara Central railway station
LocationIn front of Ankara Central railway station, Turkey
Coordinates39°56′11″N 32°50′38″E / 39.9364°N 32.8438°E / 39.9364; 32.8438
Date10 October 2015
10:04 (EEST)
TargetProtesters
Attack type
Suicide bombing, mass murder
Deaths109[1][2][3]
Injured500+[4]
PerpetratorsIslamic State Islamic State
AssailantsYunus Emre Alagöz (identified)[5]
Ömer Deniz Dündar (alleged)[6]
Suicide attacks in
Turkey
Aftermath of the Suruç bombing in 2015
Groups responsible
Attacks

On 10 October 2015 at 10:04 local time (EEST) in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey, two bombs were detonated outside Ankara Central railway station. With a death toll of 109 civilians,[1][7] the attack surpassed the 2013 Reyhanlı bombings as the deadliest terror attack in Turkish history.[8] Another 500 people were injured.[9][4][10] Censorship monitoring group Turkey Blocks identified nationwide slowing of social media services in the aftermath of the blasts, described by rights group Human Rights Watch as an "extrajudicial" measure to restrict independent media coverage of the incident.[11][12]

The bombs appeared to target a "Labour, Peace and Democracy" rally organised by the Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey (DİSK), the Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects (TMMOB), the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), the Turkish Medical Association (TTB) and the Confederation of Public Workers' Unions (KESK). The peace march was held to protest against the growing conflict between the Turkish Armed Forces and the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). The incident occurred 21 days before the scheduled 1 November general election.[13][14][15][16][17]

The governing Justice and Development Party (AK Party), the main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) and the opposition Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) condemned the attack and called it an attempt to cause division within Turkey.[18][19][20] CHP and MHP leaders heavily criticized the government for the security failure, whereas HDP directly blamed the AK Party government for the bombings.[21][22][23] Various political parties ended up cancelling their election campaigns while three days of national mourning were declared by the Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu.[24][25][26]

No organisation has ever claimed responsibility for the attack. The Ankara Attorney General stated that they were investigating the possibility of two cases of suicide bombings.[27] On 19 October, one of the two suicide bombers was officially identified as the younger brother of the perpetrator of the Suruç bombing; both brothers had suspected links to Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the ISIL affiliated Dokumacılar group.[5][28]

Background

[edit]

Following a suicide bombing in Suruç that killed 33 people on 20 July 2015, the Turkish Armed Forces have been fighting both the Islamic State and a renewed PKK rebellion of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). The resumption of the conflict with the PKK resulted in an end to the peace process between Turkey and the PKK, alongside a ceasefire in place since 2012. With airstrikes initially targeting both the PKK and ISIL, later military operations began focusing explicitly on PKK positions in northern Iraq, prompting a surge of counter PKK-related violence in the mainly Kurdish south-east of Turkey. By 7 October, the surge in violence since July had led to the deaths of 141 soldiers and 1,740 militants, leading to several pro-government commentators to claim that the PKK was close to defeat.[29] However, the large number of soldiers killed also contributed to civil unrest in other parts of the country, with attacks by Turkish nationalists taking place against the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) headquarters. Many politicians and commentators alleged that the country was close to civil war.[30][31]

Political situation

[edit]

The increase in violence came shortly after the governing Justice and Development Party (AK Party) lost its majority in Parliament after 13 years of government alone in the June 2015 election. When the attacks took place, the preceding AK Party government led by Ahmet Davutoğlu remained in power until a new coalition government could be formed, with an interim election government also headed by Davutoğlu taking office on 28 August 2015 after President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan called for a new election. Critics have accused the AK Party of trying to regain nationalist voters back from the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) by purposely ending the solution process and also trying to reduce turnout in the HDP electoral strongholds in the south-east by creating unrest there. Concern had been raised about whether an election could be securely conducted amid the violence in the region.

Events

[edit]

Perceived targets

[edit]

The explosions occurred shortly before a 'Labour, Peace and Democracy' rally supported by the Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey (DİSK), the Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects (TMMOB), the Turkish Medical Association (TTB) and the Confederation of Public Workers' Unions (KESK) was due to take place.[32] The rally was scheduled in Sıhhiye Square, the railways overpass bridge was the gathering area. It was reported that many attendants that were present in preparation for the rally were supporters of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), with the rally area containing numerous HDP, Labour Party (EMEP), and Socialist Youth Associations Federation (SGDF) flags.[33]

Bombings

[edit]

On 10 October 2015, the first bomb exploded at around 10:04 local time (EEST), while rally participants were repeatedly saying "Bu meydan kanlı meydan".[34] The second bomb exploded a few seconds later. It was also observed that the bombings were in close proximity of the National Intelligence Organisation (MİT) headquarters.[35] Shortly after the bombing, security forces cleared the area in case of a third and fourth bomb.[36]

Casualties

[edit]

On the day of the blasts, the initial death toll was reported as 86, along with 186 wounded.[32][37][38] Next day, the total number of deaths was announced as 97.[39][40][41] According to the prime minister's statement on 14 October, 99 people were killed in total.[42] The number increased in the following days, as people in the hospitals succumbed to their wounds, to 100[43] and to 102.[44]

The Turkish Medical Association (TTB) made independent claims, reporting that 97 died and over 400 people had been injured,[45] which they later updated to 105,[46] and 106.[47] International media speak of 109 deaths and 508 injured.[9]

The pro-Kurdish HDP party claimed the first day that the number of deaths was 128,[48] but after a few days retracted the statement and apologised for the misleading claim.[49][50]

Media and internet blackouts

[edit]

The Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK) announced a temporary ban on all press coverage of the bombings following a request by the Prime Ministry.[51] Monitoring group Turkey Blocks identified intentional slowing, or throttling, of the Twitter and Facebook social networks beginning some hours after the attack.[12][52][53] An official claimed at the time that internet problems were "due to heavy use," although the practice of internet throttling for "peace and order" became commonplace in the following months and was ultimately recognized by the government and brought into law.[11][54][55]

Immediate response

[edit]

Witnesses at the scene told the media that the police began using tear gas shortly after the bombs went off, while stopping ambulances from getting through. Angry people tried to attack police cars after the blast, with the HDP claiming that the police attacked people carrying the injured to safety.[56]

Shortly after the bombings, the Minister of Health Mehmet Müezzinoğlu, the Minister of the Interior Selami Altınok, and the Minister of Justice Kenan İpek visited the scene to carry out investigations. However, they were met by protestors who chanted anti-AKP slogans and were forced to leave the scene less than one minute after arriving.[57] The Ankara Attorney General announced that they were investigating the possibility of two suicide bombers, while the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) stated that there would be delays to train services passing through the Ankara Central railway station.[58]

Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu cancelled all of his prior engagements and stated that he would halt his election campaign for three days. He met with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who also cancelled his engagements in Istanbul following the incident. The Prime Minister later held a security summit, which was attended by Deputy Prime Ministers Yalçın Akdoğan, Numan Kurtulmuş, and Tuğrul Türkeş, along with National Intelligence Organisation (MİT) undersecretary Hakan Fidan, Interior Minister Selami Altınok, Justice Minister Kenan İpek, the Governor of Ankara Mehmet Kılıçlar, the General Director of Security Celalettin Lekesiz, and several other senior civil servants working for the Prime Ministry and the Ministry of Health.[59]

Perpetrators

[edit]

Initial speculation

[edit]

The Ankara Attorney General stated that they were investigating the possibility of twin suicide bombings.[60] It was observed that an anonymous Twitter account had claimed that an explosion could take place in Ankara just one day before the attack actually happened.[61]

The lack of any immediate statement from any known non-state perpetrator taking responsibility for the attack resulted in speculation over the possible perpetrators. Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) leader Devlet Bahçeli stated that the attacks bore a resemblance to the explosion in Suruç in July, raising debate on whether the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) could have been responsible.[62] It was reported that the type of bomb used bore strong resemblance to the materials used in the Suruç bombing, signalling a potential connection between the two incidents.[63]

The Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) openly blamed the Turkish state and the government for conducting the attack, accusing the government of collaborating with non-state actors and taking insufficient action to tackle their presence.[64] The HDP has claimed that the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) was guilty of being "murderers with blood on their hands" and also of being the number one threat to Turkey's peace and security. The HDP's accusation was met with strong criticism by the AK Party government.[citation needed]

Veysel Eroğlu, the Minister of Forest and Water Management, made a heavily criticised statement in Afyonkarahisar implying that the HDP had purposely organised the attack against their own supporters to raise public sympathy for their party.[65] Although Eroğlu did not name the HDP or the PKK specifically, he referred to the Diyarbakır HDP rally bombing in June as being an attempt to raise support for the HDP "just so that they can pass the 10% election threshold".[66][67][68]

Investigations

[edit]

Initially the government suggested the perpetrators could be any of the following anti-government groups:[69] Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State/Daesh (IS), Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), Revolutionary People's Liberation Party–Front (DHKP-C), Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (MLKP)

A day after the bombing, Davutoğlu suggested that early investigations pointed to the involvement of IS.[70] However, opposition political parties[which?] did not accept this attribution.[71]

Yunus Emre Alagöz, an ethnic Kurd from Adıyaman and the younger brother of Abdurrahman Alagöz, the perpetrator of the Suruç bombing, was suspected by the government to be one of the suicide bombers.[28] On 14 October media reports alleged that Yunus, and a second suspect, Ömer Deniz Dündar, both of whom are believed[who?] to have links to ISIL, were identified using DNA from the scene of the blast.[6][72] On 19 October, one of the two suicide bombers was officially identified as Yunus Emre Alagöz.[5]

Responsibility

[edit]

In August 2018, a court sentenced nine defendants to life in prison for the bombing. 36 suspected members of ISIL were charged during the trial.[73]

Reactions

[edit]

Domestic reactions

[edit]
A protest by Turks living in the Netherlands

Political

[edit]
The site of the attack
Flowers at the site
The victims' names

President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan condemned the bombings and vowed that the Turkish people will stand in "unity and solidarity" following the "heinous attack". He also stated that Turkey would not give in to efforts to sow division in society.[74][75] He encouraged everyone to take responsibility and act with good intentions, claiming that the government was working to uncover the full details of the incident as quickly as possible.[76]

Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu, the leader of the Justice and Development Party (AK Party), issued a statement condemning the attack and claiming that it was an attack against democracy and against all segments of society. He said Turkey was an example of a country that had kept united despite several threats against national unity, announcing plans to meet with opposition party leaders in regards to the attack. Declaring three days of national mourning, Davutoğlu vowed to bring the perpetrators to justice regardless of who they were.[77]

Main opposition leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, the leader of the Republican People's Party (CHP), claimed that they were ready to fulfill any task to end such attacks in Turkey[78] and agreed to meet with Davutoğlu to discuss the bombing.[79] He stated that all political parties had a duty to stand together against such attacks and called on the perpetrators to identify themselves, further claiming that violence was never an answer to a difference in viewpoints.[78]

Opposition leader Devlet Bahçeli, the leader of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), cancelled a planned electoral rally in İzmir following the attack and issued a statement in which he claimed that Turkey was paying the price for the AK Party's close relations with violent groups, refusing to meet with Davutoğlu.[79] Condemning the bombings as an attack on the country's unity, he also stated that the fact that such perpetrators could evade security and intelligence organisations to conduct a bombing in the country's capital city was another serious issue of concern.[80]

Opposition leader Selahattin Demirtaş, the co-leader of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), drew parallels with the bombings in Suruç and Diyarbakır earlier in the year, claiming that his party was specifically targeted. Accusing the state of conducting a "massacre" in the centre of the capital Ankara, he further claimed that they were facing a "mad, undignified attitude that has lost its mind". He accused the AK Party government and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan of forcing violence onto the people of Turkey, denouncing them as "murderers with blood on their hands". Referring to Erdoğan as a "gang leader", he claimed that Erdoğan had been able to conduct rallies under complete security but members of the public wishing to hold a rally for peace had been "massacred". He further claimed that the AK Party was the biggest threat to the country's peace and security, drawing criticism from AK Party leader and Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu.[81]

Shortly after the bombing, PKK/KCK declared a ceasefire in order to ensure that a peaceful election would be held on 1 November,[82] which was reportedly already being planned before the bombing took place.[83][84] Nevertheless, the ceasefire did not materialize, as policemen and soldiers continued to be killed in PKK attacks everyday since the bombing.[85][86][87][88]

Other

[edit]
Attack shared by social media users post pictures

Before closing his morning television chat show on 13 October, TRT anchor Selver Gözüaçık read a tweet by one of his viewers that read it was not right to "lump all the victims together [because] some may be innocent." He agreed with the sentiment, saying that there may have been "police officers, cleaning staff, passersby or people trying to get to work" who were also killed in the bombings.[89]

Former Nobel Prize in Literature laureate Orhan Pamuk criticized Erdoğan for what he said was a climate of insecurity as a result of the latter's persistence on trying to achieve a parliamentary majority that has brought the country to the brink of sectarian conflict.[citation needed]

During a one minute silence for the victims at the UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying match between Turkey and Iceland, the crowd instead booed, whistled, shouted Turkish ultranationalist slogans and chanted Allahu akbar.[90][91]

International reactions

[edit]
Protesters in Paris
Banner at protest in Paris. Note that "Ankara" has been written over previous text, indicating the sign has been reused from a protest against a prior terrorist incident.
Supporters of the Turkish Labour Party (EMEP) protesting in London.

Supranational bodies

[edit]

States

[edit]
Foreign Ministry Spokeswoman Marzieh Afkham expressed sorrow over the attack and offered sympathy to the families of the victims.[115]
  •  Israel: President Reuven Rivlin sent a letter to his counterpart expressing condolences in which he wrote that he was "saddened to learn of the vicious attacks" and expressed "hopes for a better and more secure future for all the peoples of our region."[116]
  •  Italy: President Sergio Mattarella condemned the attack and expressed the solidarity of the Italian people with the Turkish people.
Prime Minister Matteo Renzi expressed his dismay and grief "for the brutal terrorist attack against democracy and peace."[117]
Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev expressed his "sympathy to all those who lost their loved ones" in the wake of the "outrageous act of terror." His office also condemned the attack and reported that he had "conveyed his condolences for the victims of the explosions in Ankara and wished [for a] rapid recovery to the injured."[124][125]
The embassy condemned the attack and expressed its condolences.[130][131]
  •  Vietnam: The Foreign Ministry spokesperson Le Hai Binh "strongly condemns the terrorist attack" and expressed its condolences to the Turkish government and people and families of the victims.[132]

Others

[edit]
  • Defend International: President Dr. Widad Akrawi deplored the bombings, extended her condolences and expressed solidarity with those who were rallying under the banners of peace and reconciliation, noting that the voices of peace cannot be silenced by explosions, brutality or barbarism.[133] She also called for "an impartial investigation by UN inspectors into the suicide bombings and their aftermath."[134]

Travel advisories

[edit]

Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Iran, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States issued travel advisories recommending that all non-essential travel to Turkey should be avoided.[135]

Aftermath

[edit]

Following the attack, three days of national mourning were declared by Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu.[24]

Election campaigns

[edit]

With the bombing occurring during the election campaigns for the November 2015 general election, various parties abandoned their scheduled rallies. The Justice and Development Party (AK Party) cancelled their planned election programme for three days after the attack.[136][137] The Republican People's Party (CHP) also cancelled their daily programme, with party leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu having been due to spend the day campaigning in Istanbul.[138] The Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) announced that their scheduled rally in İzmir would take place at a later date.[139] The Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), having claimed that they were the targets of the attack, abandoned a campaign strategy meeting due in their Istanbul headquarters.[140] President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan also cancelled his prior engagements in Istanbul,[141] including a trip to Turkmenistan.[142]

Resignation calls

[edit]

After a screen grab of Justice Minister Kenan İpek showing him smiling went viral, CHP leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu said that they should resign in a meeting with Davutoğlu. He said: "The sight of the justice minister [smiling at the reporter's question] is startling. The [sic] society is going through a severe trauma and meanwhile the justice minister is smiling. The justice minister cannot remain in his office." He added that Davutoğlu would make a decision upon receipt of a report on Ipek’s conduct. It was also criticised on social media. Further, Deputy Chairman Haluk Koç also called for the immediate resignation of Interior Minister Selami Altınok saying that he was unable to carry out his responsibilities.[citation needed]

Industrial action

[edit]

The Confederation of Public Workers' Unions (KESK), Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects (TMMOB), the Turkish Medical Association (TTB) and the Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey (DISK), which had all been organisers of the peace rally, declared that two days of industrial action would be held on 12 and 13 October as a show of respect to the dead, as well as a protest against the "fascist massacre." The unions also stated that they would not give up on their efforts to end the conflict.[143]

PKK ceasefire

[edit]

Shortly after the bombings, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) declared a ceasefire to allow a peaceful election to take place on 1 November. The ceasefire announcement, which was made through the executive of the Group of Communities in Kurdistan (KCK), declared that the PKK would not conduct any attacks unless provoked or in self-defence.[144] It is unclear if the ceasefire announcement, which was made approximately an hour after the Ankara bombings, was related to the incident.

Anti-government protests

[edit]

In the afternoon following the attack, thousands of union members began protesting at Taksim Square in Istanbul against the bombing, with many participants chanting anti-government slogans and calling on both the governing AK Party and for Erdoğan to resign.[145] Similar protests occurred in İzmir, with tensions between protestors and riot police briefly rising in Alsancak before deescalating shortly after. HDP Members of Parliament of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey led a protest in Batman, before being met by riot police using tear gas and water cannon. A group of 15 masked individuals in Kızılay, Ankara, began attacking police officers with fireworks before being met by water cannon and pepper spray. Over 2,000 protestors led demonstrations in Diyarbakır and 300 protestors participated in protests in Şanlıurfa, having been accompanied by HDP and Democratic Regions Party (DBP) politicians. Similar protests took place in Van, Tunceli and Kars, with participating politicians from the HDP and CHP as well as union members from KESK, TMMOB, TTB and DISK.[146]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Does Turkey have to learn to live with terror?". Hürriyet Daily News. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  2. ^ NRC Handelsblad, 30 June 2016.
  3. ^ "Ankara Tren Garı Önünde Patlama". HÜRRİYET - ARAMA. 30 March 2016.
  4. ^ a b Melvin, Don (11 October 2015). "At least 97 killed in twin bombings near train station in Turkey's capital". CNN. Retrieved 30 June 2016.
  5. ^ a b c "Ankara suicide bomber officially identified as brother of Suruç attacker". Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  6. ^ a b "Yunus Emre Alagoz: Brother of Suruc bomber 'identified' as Ankara suicide attacker". 14 October 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  7. ^ "Fifth anniversary of Ankara bombings in Turkey". fotos.europapress.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  8. ^ "BBC: Ankara explosions leave more than 80 dead – officials". BBC News. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  9. ^ a b NRC Handelsblad, 29 June 2016.
  10. ^ "BAŞBAKANLIK KOORDİNASYON MERKEZİ AÇIKLAMASI 11 EKİM – 12:24". Prime Minister of Turkey. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  11. ^ a b "Open Letter to the Government of Turkey on Internet Blocking and Free Expression". Human Rights Watch. 29 October 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
  12. ^ a b "Twitter access is effectively blocked across Turkey by means of selective bandwidth throttling - Turkey Blocks". Twitter. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
  13. ^ "Dozens of casualties in blast at Ankara train station". Anadolu Agency. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  14. ^ "At least 20 killed in twin blast in Turkey's Ankara ahead of rally: Report". Hurriyet News Agency. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  15. ^ "Twin bombs kill 30 at pro-Kurdish rally in Turkish capital". Reuters.
  16. ^ "Ankara explosions leave more than 80 dead – officials". BBC News.
  17. ^ "Ankara peace rally rocked by deadly explosions". Al Jazeera.
  18. ^ "Ankara patlaması Davutoğlu flaş açıklama". İnternethaber.com. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  19. ^ "Kılıçdaroğlu'ndan ilk açıklama". MİLLİYET HABER – TÜRKİYE'NİN HABER SİTESİ. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  20. ^ "Terör saldırısı sonrası Bahçeli'den ilk açıklama". Haber7. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  21. ^ "Accusing PM of 'power vacuum' upon Ankara massacre, CHP-HDP leaders insist on dialogue". Hürriyet Daily News. 16 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  22. ^ "MHP leader sees 'security failure' in Ankara massacre". Hürriyet Daily News. 16 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  23. ^ "HDP co-chair blames AKP government for Ankara bombings". Hürriyet Daily News. 15 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  24. ^ a b "Üç gün 'ulusal yas' ilan edildi". Bugun.com.tr. 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 21 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  25. ^ "CHP'de seçim programı iptal edildi". Demirmedya – Zonguldak için haber. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  26. ^ Yeni Şafak (10 October 2015). "Başbakan Davutoğlu 3 günlük seçim programını iptal etti". Yeni Şafak. Archived from the original on 15 November 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  27. ^ "Başsavcı Kodalak: 2 canlı bomba üzerinde duruyoruz". soL Haber Portalı – güne soL'dan bakın.
  28. ^ a b "Ankara bombing: Claims emerge that culprit could be brother of terrorist involved in previous atrocity". 11 October 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015. The younger Alagoz brother, of Kurdish origin born in Adiyaman, is believed to have acted on behalf of Isil. The 20-year-old is believed to have gone to Syria last year with his brother, Turkish media reported.
  29. ^ AA (7 October 2015). "Terör saldırılarında 93 günlük bilanço: Bin 740 terörist öldürüldü". TÜRKİYE'NİN AÇILIŞ SAYFASI.
  30. ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "'Türkiye iç savaşın eşiğinde' | DW | 08.09.2015" – via www.dw.com.
  31. ^ "Cumhuriyet Gazetesi – Demirtaş: Bu ülkede iç savaş çıkmasına izin vermeyeceğiz". cumhuriyet.com.tr. 10 June 2015.
  32. ^ a b "Ankara'daki Barış Mitingi'nde patlama". sozcu.com.tr. 10 October 2015.
  33. ^ "Son Dakika Haberi: Ankara'da patlama... 47 ölü iddiası – Milliyet.com.tr". MЭLLЭYET HABER – TЬRKЭYE'NЭN HABER SЭTESЭ. 10 October 2015.
  34. ^ "Ankara'daki patlamada acı detay!". sozcu.com.tr. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  35. ^ "Ankara'daki Patlamada Korkunç Rakam: Savcı, 52 Kişi Öldü Dedi". Aktif Haber. 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015.
  36. ^ "Ankara'da 3. bomba paniği". MİLLİYET HABER – TÜRKİYE'NİN HABER SİTESİ. 10 October 2015.
  37. ^ Nurettin KURT/ ANKARA (10 October 2015). "Ankara'daki patlamada ölü sayısı 86". Hürriyet. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  38. ^ AP Member Choice Complete (10 October 2015). "Two bomb blasts kill 86 at peace rally in Turkish capital". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  39. ^ "Ankara'da terör saldırısı: 97 ölü". NTV.
  40. ^ "Ankara'daki Patlamada Ölen 97 Kişi Karanfillerle Anıldı". Hürriyet.
  41. ^ "Ölü sayısı 97'ye yükseldi". Aljazeera Türk. 3 May 2017.
  42. ^ "Turkish PM: We lost 99 in Ankara blasts" (in Turkish). Anadolu Ajansı. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  43. ^ "Ankara'daki saldırıda yaşamını yitirenlerin sayısı 100'e çıktı". Sabah. 16 October 2015.
  44. ^ "Ankara Bombing death toll rises to 102: Chief Public Prosecutor's Office". Hürriyet Daily News.
  45. ^ "Türk Tabipler Birliği: '97 kişi öldü, 400 yaralı'". sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  46. ^ "Ölü Sayısı 105'e Yükseldi" (in Turkish). TTB. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  47. ^ "Death toll 106 in suicide blasts: Ankara Chamber of Medical Doctors". Hürriyet Daily News (in Turkish). Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  48. ^ "HDP kriz masası: Ankara katliamında 128 kişi yaşamını yitirdi" (in Turkish). BirGün. Archived from the original on 5 January 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  49. ^ "Düzeltme ve özür" (in Turkish). HDP. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  50. ^ "HDP'den '128 kayıp' açıklaması: Hatalıyız özür dileriz". Hürriyet (in Turkish). Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  51. ^ "Başbakanlık'ın talebi üzerine yayın yasağı geldi". Posta. 25 April 2018.
  52. ^ "Coalition urges Turkey to cease online censorship on eve of elections - Access Now". Access Now. 29 October 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  53. ^ "Twitter ve Facebook'a erişim bu yöntemle kesildi | Teknoloji Haberleri". www.haberturk.com (in Turkish). 13 October 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  54. ^ "ESB: Twitter ve Facebook kapatılmadı Neden yavaşladı?". Hürriyet. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  55. ^ "Did Turkey Test Its Wartime Censorship Capabilities?". The Daily Dot. 27 August 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  56. ^ "Ankara explosions leave more than 80 dead – officials". 10 October 2015.
  57. ^ "Patlama yerinde bakanlara protesto!". sozcu.com.tr. 10 October 2015.
  58. ^ "3. ve 4. bomba ihtimaline karşı anons". takvim.com.tr.
  59. ^ "Sağlık Bakanı ölü sayısını 86 olarak açıkladı – Bloomberg HT". BloombergHT. 12 October 2015.
  60. ^ "Başsavcı: İki canlı bomba ihtimali üzerinde duruyoruz". Radikal. 10 October 2015.
  61. ^ "Ankara'daki bombalı saldırıyı bir gün önce Twitter'dan yazdı!" [(He/She) wrote Ankara bombed attack one day ago from Twitter!]. sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  62. ^ "Bahçeli'den saldırı açıklaması" [Attack statement from Bahçeli]. imctv.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  63. ^ "2 canlı bomba ve Suruç'un aynısı!" [2 suicide bombers and same as Suruç!]. sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  64. ^ "HDP co-leader slams Erdoğan, gov't for attack that claimed 86 lives". Hürriyet Daily News. 10 October 2015.
  65. ^ "AKP'li bakan utanmadı: Mağdur duruma düşmek için provokatif eylem" (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  66. ^ "AKP'den kan donduran katliam açıklaması: Barajı geçsinler diye" [Gory massacre statement from AKP: (The reason is) Just because (they) pass the (elections) threshold]. BirGun.net (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  67. ^ "Cumhuriyet Gazetesi - AKP'li Eroğlu'ndan Ankara'daki patlama için skandal açıklama". cumhuriyet.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  68. ^ Letsch, Constanze (11 October 2015). "Turkey terror attack: mourning after scores killed in Ankara blasts". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  69. ^ "Ankara bombing: Who is behind Turkey's deadliest attack?". BBC News. 12 October 2015.
  70. ^ Letsch, Constanze; Shaheen, Kareem (12 October 2015). "Turkey blames Islamic State for Ankara bombings". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  71. ^ "Turkish PM blames Ankara bombing on Islamic State". BBC News. 12 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  72. ^ "Death toll from Ankara attack rises to 99: Turkish PM". Hurriyet. 15 October 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  73. ^ "Turkish court sentences nine people to life for 2015 Ankara bombings". Reuters. 3 August 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  74. ^ Dearden, Lizzie (10 October 2015). "Ankara explosions: President Erdogan vows Turkey will stand in 'unity and solidarity' after terror attack". The Independent. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  75. ^ "RTE: The Attack was Meant for our Unity". Erdogan. 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 14 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  76. ^ "Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan'dan Ankara'daki patlamaya ilişkin ilk açıklama!". Sabah (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  77. ^ "Başbakan Davutoğlu: 3 günlük ulusal yas ilan edildi". NTV. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  78. ^ a b "Kılıçdaroğlu: "Kim yaptı aydınlatılsın"". CNN Türk. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  79. ^ a b "Kılıçdaroğlu, Davutoğlu'nun çağrısına evet dedi!". sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  80. ^ DHA (10 October 2015). "Devlet Bahçeli'den açıklama". HÜRRİYET – TÜRKİYE'NİN AÇILIŞ SAYFASI. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  81. ^ İSTANBUL DHA (10 October 2015). "Selahattin Demirtaş'tan sert açıklamalar". HÜRRİYET – TÜRKİYE'NİN AÇILIŞ SAYFASI. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  82. ^ "PKK ateşkes ilan etti". sozcu.com.tr. 10 October 2015.
  83. ^ "AFP.com". Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
  84. ^ Murat Sevinç (9 October 2015). "Tarih açıklandı: PKK, 11 Ekim'de tek taraflı 'ateşkes' kararını ilan edecek". Diken.
  85. ^ "Two soldiers killed in Turkey's east". Hürriyet Daily News. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  86. ^ "PKK attack in Turkey's southeast kills one security personnel, injures three". Hürriyet Daily News. 13 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  87. ^ "One police officer killed, one wounded in Turkey's southeast". Hürriyet Daily News. 16 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  88. ^ "Three soldiers killed in clashes with PKK in Turkey's southeast". Hürriyet Daily News. 17 October 2015. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  89. ^ "Turkish state TV stirs outrage after declaring 'some' Ankara blast victims innocent - LOCAL". hurriyetdailynews.com. 15 October 2015.
  90. ^ Elif Shafak (16 October 2015). "A blast that tore at the heart of Turkey's democracy". The Financial Times. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  91. ^ Ishaan Tharoor (13 October 2015). "Watch: Turkish soccer fans boo minute of silence for Ankara terror victims". Washington Post.
  92. ^ "Statement by European Council President Donald Tusk on the bomb attack in Ankara". europa.eu. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  93. ^ "Statement by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini and Commissioner Hahn on this morning's bomb attack in Ankara". europa.eu. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  94. ^ "EU's Mogherini says Turkey 'must stand united' after attack". Yahoo News India. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.[permanent dead link‍]
  95. ^ "PRESIDENT SERZH SARGSYAN SENDS CONDOLENCE LETTER TO RECEP TAYYIP ERDOĞAN". President of Armenia.
  96. ^ "About the House". YouTube. 12 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  97. ^ "Ilham Aliyev expresses condolences to people of Turkey in connection with terrorist attack in Ankara". Vestnikkavkaza.net.
  98. ^ "China condemns terrorist bombings in Ankara, Turkey - China - Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
  99. ^ "Juan Manuel Santos on Twitter". Twitter.
  100. ^ "Comunicado del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 10 October 2015.
  101. ^ "Anastasiades and Foreign Ministry condemn Ankara attacks". Sigmalive. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  102. ^ "KKTC'de 3 günlük ulusal yas ilan edildi". Zaman (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  103. ^ "Tiskové prohlášení předsedy vlády ČR B. Sobotky k bombovým útokům v turecké Ankaře" (in Czech). Government of the Czech Republic.
  104. ^ "Lubomír Zaorálek on Twitter". Twitter.
  105. ^ "Lubomír Zaorálek on Twitter". Twitter.
  106. ^ "Lubomír Zaorálek on Twitter". Twitter.
  107. ^ "Egypt condemns Turkey bombing - Politics - Egypt". Ahram Online.
  108. ^ Office of the President of the Republic of Finland. "Finland takes the fight against terrorism seriously". From the President’s pen. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  109. ^ Présidence de la République. "Attentat en Turquie". elysee.fr. Archived from the original on 13 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  110. ^ "GermanForeignOffice". Twitter.
  111. ^ "Syriza: 'Erdoğan hükümeti hesap vermeli'". sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  112. ^ terra. "Condena Guatemala atentado en Ankara y se solidariza con turcos". none. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  113. ^ "Orbán Viktor együttérzését fejezte ki a török kormányfőnek". Government of Hungary. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  114. ^ "Narendra Modi on Twitter". Twitter.
  115. ^ "Iran condemns deadly blasts in Turkish capital". Trend.Az. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  116. ^ "We must unite against terror,' Rivlin tells Erdogan after Ankara attack". Times of Israel.
  117. ^ "Attentato ad Ankara, Mattarella: "Ignobile attentato"". Il Messaggero (in Italian).
  118. ^ "Edgars Rinkēvičs". Twitter.
  119. ^ "Turkijoje – dvigubas sprogimas: beveik 100 žuvusių, šimtai sužeistų". DELFI.
  120. ^ "Malaysia strongly condemns Ankara bomb attacks". The Star. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  121. ^ "Press Release on Bombing in Turkey". mofa.gov.np/. MOFA (Nepal). 14 October 2015.
  122. ^ "Pakistan strongly condemns terrorist attack in Ankara". MOFA Pakistan. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  123. ^ Romanian President condemned the attack, presidency.ro, 10 October 2015
  124. ^ "Government of Russia on Twitter". Twitter.
  125. ^ "Government of Russia on Twitter". Twitter.
  126. ^ "Pavlo Klimkin on Twitter". Twitter.
  127. ^ "İngiltere Dışişleri Bakanı Philip Hammond. "İngiltere Türk milletinin yanındadır"". Sondakikaturk.com (in Turkish). 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  128. ^ "Obama offers condolences to Turkish president". Herald and News. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.[permanent dead link‍]
  129. ^ Yeginsu, Ceylan; Arango, Tim (10 October 2015). "Explosions During Peace Rally in Ankara, Turkey's Capital, Kill Scores". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  130. ^ "US Embassy Turkey on Twitter". Twitter.
  131. ^ "US Embassy Turkey on Twitter". Twitter.
  132. ^ "Remarks by MOFA Spokesperson Le Hai Binh on the terrorist attack on 10 October 2015 in Ankara, Turke". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 12 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  133. ^ "Turkey: Statement by Defend International President Dr. Widad Akrawi on Ankara attacks". Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  134. ^ "Statement by Dr. Widad Akrawi on 2015 Ankara attacks". Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  135. ^ Önal, Hasan (11 October 2015). "15 countries issue travel warning for Turkey after suicide bombing in capital". BGN News. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015.
  136. ^ "Başbakan Davutoğlu'nun Kayseri Mitingi İptal Oldu" (in Turkish). Bugün. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  137. ^ "Kılıçdaroğlu miting programlarını iptal etti". Sözcü (in Turkish). Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  138. ^ "AK Parti ve CHP programları iptal – Politika – Dünya Bülteni Haber Portalı". Dünya Bülteni. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  139. ^ "Cumhuriyet Gazetesi – MHP'nin İzmir mitingi son anda iptal edildi". 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  140. ^ Yeni Şafak (10 October 2015). "CHP ve HDP programları iptal edildi". Yeni Şafak. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  141. ^ "Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan programlarını iptal etti". Sabah. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  142. ^ "Turkey's Erdogan cancels Turkmenistan visit after Ankara blasts: sources". Yahoo News. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  143. ^ knnimc. "DİSK, KESK, TMMOB, TTB: 12–13 Ekim'de grevdeyiz – İMC TV". İMC TV. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  144. ^ "PKK Eylemsizlik Kararı Aldı". Amerika'nin Sesi. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  145. ^ "Binler Taksim'de katliamın hesabını sormak için yürüyor". BirGun.net. 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  146. ^ DHA (10 October 2015). "Ankara'daki patlamaya büyük tepki". HÜRRİYET – TÜRKİYE'NİN AÇILIŞ SAYFASI. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
[edit]

Media related to 2015 Ankara bombings at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Ankara_bombings&oldid=1252936497"