1992 United States presidential election in Arkansas
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| Elections in Arkansas |
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The 1992 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 3, 1992, as part of the 1992 United States presidential election. State voters chose six representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Arkansas was won by incumbent Governor Bill Clinton (D) with 53.21% of the popular vote over incumbent President George H. W. Bush (R-Texas) with 35.48%. Businessman Ross Perot (I-Texas) finished in third, with 10.43% of the popular vote.[1] Clinton thus won his home state by a wide margin of 17.73%, becoming the first Democratic candidate to win the state since Jimmy Carter in 1976. Arkansas and Washington, D.C., which Clinton also won, were the only contests in 1992 in which any candidate received an absolute majority of the popular vote.
Background
[edit]The Republican presidential nominee won Arkansas in the 1980, 1984, and 1988 presidential elections. Democratic Governor Bill Clinton was elected to a fifth term in 1990.[2]
Primary
[edit]Democratic
[edit]Clinton announced his presidential campaign on October 3, 1991, at the Old State House.[2] Polling by Mason-Dixon Polling & Strategy one week before the primary showed Jerry Brown had a disapproval rate of 71% among likely Democratic voters while Clinton's was 13%.[3]
Turnout in the Democratic primary was greater than it was in 1980, 1984, and 1988, but lower than in 1976.[4]
Republican
[edit]Turnout in the Republican primary declined from 1988, but was still greater than 1976, 1980, and 1984. Three-fourth of the votes in the primary came from Arkansas's 3rd congressional district. Less than 100 votes were cast in 39 of the state's counties.[4]
General
[edit]Clinton carried all but five counties (Benton, Crawford, Pope, Searcy, and Sebastian) in the state. As of the 2020 presidential election[update], this is the last election in which Baxter County, Carroll County, Newton County, Boone County, and Polk County have voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.[5] This is also the most recent time that Arkansas has voted more Democratic than Maryland.[6][7]
Arkansas would be one of only three states, along with the District of Columbia, where Clinton's raw vote total exceeded that of Bush and Perot combined, the others being Maryland and New York. This is also the most recent election in which Arkansas trended more Democratic relative to the nation. Clinton's 505,823 votes is the most votes received by a Democratic presidential candidate in the state's history.
Democratic U.S. Senator Dale Bumpers won reelection in a concurrent election. The Republicans gained one seat in Arkansas' U.S. House delegation,[8] Arkansas House of Representatives, and Arkansas Senate.[9]
Results
[edit]| 1992 United States presidential election in Arkansas[1] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
| Democratic | Bill Clinton | 505,823 | 53.21% | 6 | |
| Republican | George H. W. Bush (incumbent) | 337,324 | 35.48% | 0 | |
| Independent | Ross Perot | 99,132 | 10.43% | 0 | |
| Taxpayers’ | Howard Phillips | 1,437 | 0.15% | 0 | |
| Libertarian | Andre Marrou | 1,261 | 0.13% | 0 | |
| New Alliance Party | Lenora Fulani | 1,022 | 0.11% | 0 | |
| Independent | Jim Boren | 956 | 0.10% | 0 | |
| America First | James "Bo" Gritz | 819 | 0.09% | 0 | |
| Natural Law | Dr. John Hagelin | 764 | 0.08% | 0 | |
| Democrats for Economic Recovery | Lyndon LaRouche | 762 | 0.08% | 0 | |
| Independent | John Yiamouyiannis | 554 | 0.06% | 0 | |
| Prohibition | Earl Dodge | 472 | 0.05% | 0 | |
| Independent | Isabell Masters | 327 | 0.03% | 0 | |
| Totals | 950,683 | 100.0% | 6 | ||
Results by county
[edit]| County | Bill Clinton Democratic |
George H.W. Bush Republican |
Ross Perot Independent |
Various candidates Other parties |
Margin | Total votes cast | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Arkansas | 4,709 | 59.01% | 2,594 | 32.51% | 639 | 8.01% | 38 | 0.48% | 2,115 | 26.50% | 7,980 |
| Ashley | 5,876 | 61.42% | 2,686 | 28.08% | 931 | 9.73% | 74 | 0.77% | 3,190 | 33.34% | 9,567 |
| Baxter | 6,991 | 44.44% | 5,640 | 35.85% | 2,938 | 18.68% | 163 | 1.04% | 1,351 | 8.59% | 15,732 |
| Benton | 15,774 | 36.45% | 21,126 | 48.81% | 6,128 | 14.16% | 251 | 0.58% | -5,352 | -12.36% | 43,279 |
| Boone | 6,128 | 42.45% | 6,094 | 42.21% | 2,079 | 14.40% | 136 | 0.94% | 34 | 0.24% | 14,437 |
| Bradley | 2,954 | 61.07% | 1,482 | 30.64% | 391 | 8.08% | 10 | 0.21% | 1,472 | 30.43% | 4,837 |
| Calhoun | 1,389 | 51.41% | 1,047 | 38.75% | 257 | 9.51% | 9 | 0.33% | 342 | 12.66% | 2,702 |
| Carroll | 3,769 | 42.55% | 3,535 | 39.91% | 1,500 | 16.94% | 53 | 0.60% | 234 | 2.64% | 8,857 |
| Chicot | 3,504 | 68.72% | 1,242 | 24.36% | 347 | 6.81% | 6 | 0.12% | 2,262 | 44.36% | 5,099 |
| Clark | 5,767 | 64.64% | 2,403 | 26.93% | 714 | 8.00% | 38 | 0.43% | 3,364 | 37.71% | 8,922 |
| Clay | 4,848 | 68.47% | 1,647 | 23.26% | 568 | 8.02% | 17 | 0.24% | 3,201 | 45.21% | 7,080 |
| Cleburne | 5,090 | 51.00% | 3,580 | 35.87% | 1,263 | 12.66% | 47 | 0.47% | 1,510 | 15.13% | 9,980 |
| Cleveland | 1,893 | 56.04% | 1,127 | 33.36% | 337 | 9.98% | 21 | 0.62% | 766 | 22.68% | 3,378 |
| Columbia | 4,747 | 48.35% | 3,702 | 37.70% | 1,090 | 11.10% | 280 | 2.85% | 1,045 | 10.65% | 9,819 |
| Conway | 4,898 | 57.75% | 2,719 | 32.06% | 803 | 9.47% | 61 | 0.72% | 2,179 | 25.69% | 8,481 |
| Craighead | 13,931 | 54.43% | 9,104 | 35.57% | 2,274 | 8.88% | 287 | 1.12% | 4,827 | 18.86% | 25,596 |
| Crawford | 6,656 | 41.18% | 6,882 | 42.57% | 2,442 | 15.11% | 185 | 1.14% | -226 | -1.39% | 16,165 |
| Crittenden | 9,683 | 56.60% | 5,910 | 34.55% | 848 | 4.96% | 667 | 3.90% | 3,773 | 22.05% | 17,108 |
| Cross | 4,058 | 58.09% | 2,303 | 32.97% | 602 | 8.62% | 23 | 0.33% | 1,755 | 25.12% | 6,986 |
| Dallas | 2,107 | 53.68% | 1,458 | 37.15% | 345 | 8.79% | 15 | 0.38% | 649 | 16.53% | 3,925 |
| Desha | 3,815 | 67.87% | 1,279 | 22.75% | 392 | 6.97% | 135 | 2.40% | 2,536 | 45.12% | 5,621 |
| Drew | 3,748 | 59.51% | 1,938 | 30.77% | 596 | 9.46% | 16 | 0.25% | 1,810 | 28.74% | 6,298 |
| Faulkner | 13,000 | 51.56% | 9,491 | 37.64% | 2,437 | 9.66% | 287 | 1.14% | 3,509 | 13.92% | 25,215 |
| Franklin | 3,217 | 47.76% | 2,495 | 37.04% | 987 | 14.65% | 37 | 0.55% | 722 | 10.72% | 6,736 |
| Fulton | 2,827 | 59.69% | 1,258 | 26.56% | 631 | 13.32% | 20 | 0.42% | 1,569 | 33.13% | 4,736 |
| Garland | 18,811 | 52.26% | 12,886 | 35.80% | 3,475 | 9.65% | 823 | 2.29% | 5,925 | 16.46% | 35,995 |
| Grant | 3,190 | 51.47% | 2,272 | 36.66% | 702 | 11.33% | 34 | 0.55% | 918 | 14.81% | 6,198 |
| Greene | 7,541 | 61.20% | 3,510 | 28.49% | 1,213 | 9.84% | 58 | 0.47% | 4,031 | 32.71% | 12,322 |
| Hempstead | 5,476 | 61.38% | 2,387 | 26.75% | 1,022 | 11.45% | 37 | 0.41% | 3,089 | 34.63% | 8,922 |
| Hot Spring | 6,308 | 59.42% | 3,036 | 28.60% | 1,209 | 11.39% | 63 | 0.59% | 3,272 | 30.82% | 10,616 |
| Howard | 2,764 | 55.56% | 1,728 | 34.73% | 466 | 9.37% | 17 | 0.34% | 1,036 | 20.83% | 4,975 |
| Independence | 7,083 | 55.16% | 4,232 | 32.96% | 1,444 | 11.25% | 81 | 0.63% | 2,851 | 22.20% | 12,840 |
| Izard | 3,419 | 61.18% | 1,532 | 27.42% | 606 | 10.84% | 31 | 0.55% | 1,887 | 33.76% | 5,588 |
| Jackson | 4,944 | 65.71% | 1,864 | 24.77% | 673 | 8.94% | 43 | 0.57% | 3,080 | 40.94% | 7,524 |
| Jefferson | 21,819 | 68.85% | 7,525 | 23.74% | 2,067 | 6.52% | 281 | 0.89% | 14,294 | 45.11% | 31,692 |
| Johnson | 3,951 | 52.14% | 2,563 | 33.82% | 1,013 | 13.37% | 51 | 0.67% | 1,388 | 18.32% | 7,578 |
| Lafayette | 2,273 | 57.12% | 1,188 | 29.86% | 504 | 12.67% | 14 | 0.35% | 1,085 | 27.26% | 3,979 |
| Lawrence | 4,146 | 59.84% | 2,124 | 30.65% | 636 | 9.18% | 23 | 0.33% | 2,022 | 29.19% | 6,929 |
| Lee | 3,436 | 67.82% | 1,293 | 25.52% | 308 | 6.08% | 29 | 0.57% | 2,143 | 42.30% | 5,066 |
| Lincoln | 2,805 | 64.53% | 1,142 | 26.27% | 390 | 8.97% | 10 | 0.23% | 1,663 | 38.26% | 4,347 |
| Little River | 3,327 | 58.18% | 1,483 | 25.94% | 890 | 15.56% | 18 | 0.31% | 1,844 | 32.24% | 5,718 |
| Logan | 3,995 | 45.99% | 3,408 | 39.23% | 1,220 | 14.04% | 64 | 0.74% | 587 | 6.76% | 8,687 |
| Lonoke | 7,963 | 50.32% | 6,253 | 39.52% | 1,554 | 9.82% | 54 | 0.34% | 1,710 | 10.80% | 15,824 |
| Madison | 2,415 | 45.76% | 2,238 | 42.41% | 598 | 11.33% | 26 | 0.49% | 177 | 3.35% | 5,277 |
| Marion | 2,757 | 44.15% | 2,023 | 32.39% | 1,327 | 21.25% | 138 | 2.21% | 734 | 11.76% | 6,245 |
| Miller | 7,050 | 48.21% | 5,273 | 36.06% | 2,249 | 15.38% | 51 | 0.35% | 1,777 | 12.15% | 14,623 |
| Mississippi | 10,046 | 62.94% | 4,697 | 29.43% | 981 | 6.15% | 238 | 1.49% | 5,349 | 33.51% | 15,962 |
| Monroe | 2,578 | 60.35% | 1,324 | 30.99% | 355 | 8.31% | 15 | 0.35% | 1,254 | 29.36% | 4,272 |
| Montgomery | 1,904 | 51.29% | 1,205 | 32.46% | 576 | 15.52% | 27 | 0.73% | 699 | 18.83% | 3,712 |
| Nevada | 2,242 | 56.79% | 1,217 | 30.83% | 455 | 11.52% | 34 | 0.86% | 1,025 | 25.96% | 3,948 |
| Newton | 1,765 | 42.59% | 1,730 | 41.75% | 608 | 14.67% | 41 | 0.99% | 35 | 0.84% | 4,144 |
| Ouachita | 7,411 | 59.69% | 3,711 | 29.89% | 1,238 | 9.97% | 55 | 0.44% | 3,700 | 29.80% | 12,415 |
| Perry | 1,906 | 54.39% | 1,162 | 33.16% | 412 | 11.76% | 24 | 0.68% | 744 | 21.23% | 3,504 |
| Phillips | 6,456 | 65.63% | 2,695 | 27.40% | 634 | 6.45% | 52 | 0.53% | 3,761 | 38.23% | 9,837 |
| Pike | 2,168 | 51.23% | 1,577 | 37.26% | 472 | 11.15% | 15 | 0.35% | 591 | 13.97% | 4,232 |
| Poinsett | 5,341 | 62.31% | 2,425 | 28.29% | 761 | 8.88% | 44 | 0.51% | 2,916 | 34.02% | 8,571 |
| Polk | 3,162 | 43.81% | 2,757 | 38.20% | 1,225 | 16.97% | 73 | 1.01% | 405 | 5.61% | 7,217 |
| Pope | 7,704 | 43.13% | 8,056 | 45.10% | 1,989 | 11.14% | 113 | 0.63% | -352 | -1.97% | 17,862 |
| Prairie | 2,366 | 59.81% | 1,154 | 29.17% | 434 | 10.97% | 2 | 0.05% | 1,212 | 30.64% | 3,956 |
| Pulaski | 79,482 | 58.03% | 47,789 | 34.89% | 8,751 | 6.39% | 935 | 0.68% | 31,693 | 23.14% | 136,957 |
| Randolph | 3,921 | 62.10% | 1,766 | 27.97% | 578 | 9.15% | 49 | 0.78% | 2,155 | 34.13% | 6,314 |
| St. Francis | 6,548 | 61.57% | 3,289 | 30.93% | 766 | 7.20% | 32 | 0.30% | 3,259 | 30.64% | 10,635 |
| Saline | 12,671 | 49.38% | 10,105 | 39.38% | 2,751 | 10.72% | 134 | 0.52% | 2,566 | 10.00% | 25,661 |
| Scott | 2,228 | 48.84% | 1,695 | 37.15% | 610 | 13.37% | 29 | 0.64% | 533 | 11.69% | 4,562 |
| Searcy | 1,679 | 42.14% | 1,772 | 44.48% | 503 | 12.63% | 30 | 0.75% | -93 | -2.34% | 3,984 |
| Sebastian | 16,570 | 41.78% | 16,817 | 42.40% | 6,023 | 15.19% | 249 | 0.63% | -247 | -0.62% | 39,659 |
| Sevier | 2,558 | 51.05% | 1,592 | 31.77% | 643 | 12.83% | 218 | 4.35% | 966 | 19.28% | 5,011 |
| Sharp | 3,761 | 52.27% | 2,486 | 34.55% | 921 | 12.80% | 28 | 0.39% | 1,275 | 17.72% | 7,196 |
| Stone | 2,622 | 52.03% | 1,672 | 33.18% | 697 | 13.83% | 48 | 0.95% | 950 | 18.85% | 5,039 |
| Union | 8,786 | 47.29% | 7,305 | 39.32% | 1,919 | 10.33% | 570 | 3.07% | 1,481 | 7.97% | 18,580 |
| Van Buren | 3,819 | 51.88% | 2,612 | 35.48% | 888 | 12.06% | 42 | 0.57% | 1,207 | 16.40% | 7,361 |
| Washington | 22,029 | 46.01% | 20,292 | 42.38% | 5,304 | 11.08% | 255 | 0.53% | 1,737 | 3.63% | 47,880 |
| White | 10,494 | 48.67% | 8,538 | 39.60% | 2,366 | 10.97% | 165 | 0.77% | 1,956 | 9.07% | 21,563 |
| Woodruff | 2,589 | 74.08% | 676 | 19.34% | 227 | 6.49% | 3 | 0.09% | 1,913 | 54.74% | 3,495 |
| Yell | 4,165 | 54.49% | 2,506 | 32.79% | 940 | 12.30% | 32 | 0.42% | 1,659 | 21.70% | 7,643 |
| Totals | 505,823 | 53.21% | 337,324 | 35.48% | 99,132 | 10.43% | 8,374 | 0.88% | 168,499 | 17.73% | 950,653 |
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
[edit]- Arkansas
- Baxter
- Boone
- Calhoun
- Carroll
- Cleburne
- Cleveland
- Columbia
- Craighead
- Crittenden
- Cross
- Drew
- Faulkner
- Franklin
- Garland
- Grant
- Greene
- Hempstead
- Howard
- Independence
- Izard
- Johnson
- Lawrence
- Logan
- Lonoke
- Madison
- Marion
- Miller
- Mississippi
- Montgomery
- Newton
- Ouachita
- Perry
- Pike
- Polk
- Prairie
- Pulaski
- Saline
- Scott
- Sevier
- Sharp
- Stone
- Union
- Van Buren
- Washington
- White
- Yell
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b "State of Arkansas Historical Election Results". Arkansas Office of the Secretary of State. Archived from the original on September 2, 2012. Retrieved June 8, 2012.
- ^ a b Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 104.
- ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 106.
- ^ a b Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 107.
- ^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
- ^ "Maryland Voting Results and Participants". CountingTheVotes.com. Retrieved September 3, 2022.
- ^ "Arkansas Voting Results and Participants". CountingTheVotes.com. Retrieved September 3, 2022.
- ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 114–115.
- ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 206.
Works cited
[edit]- Steed, Robert; Moreland, Laurence; Baker, Tod, eds. (1994). The 1992 Presidential Election in the South: Current Patterns of Southern Party and Electoral Politics. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0275945340.
