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{{short description|Submarine of the United States}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:USS Blower;0832501.jpg|300px|Blower (SS-325), underway, c. 1944–50.]]
|Ship caption=''Blower'' underway c. 1944
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1950}}
|Ship name=USS ''Blower'' (SS-325)
|Ship namesake=Blower, a fish of the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Tetraodontidae]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[General Dynamics Electric Boat|Electric Boat Company]], [[Groton, Connecticut]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book
  | last = Friedman
  | first = Norman
  | title = U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History
  | publisher = [[United States Naval Institute]]
  | year = 1995
  | location = [[Annapolis, Maryland]]
  | pages = 285–304
  | isbn = 1-55750-263-3 }}</ref>
|Ship laid down=15 July 1943<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship launched=23 April 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=10 August 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship decommissioned=16 November 1950<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=20 December 1950<ref name="Register">{{cite book
  | last = Bauer
  | first = K. Jack
  |author2=Roberts, Stephen S.
   | title = Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants
  | publisher = Greenwood Press
  | year = 1991
  | location = [[Westport, Connecticut]]
  | pages = 275–280
  | isbn = 0-313-26202-0 }}</ref>
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship fate=Transferred to [[Turkey]], 16 November 1950<ref name="Register"/>
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=title
|Ship country=Turkey
|Ship flag=[[Image:Flag of Turkey.svg|60px|Turkish Navy Ensign]]
|Ship name=TCG ''Dumlupınar''
|Ship namesake=[[Battle of Dumlupınar]]
|Ship acquired=16 November 1950
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship fate=Sunk in collision 4&nbsp;April&nbsp;1953
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass|Balao|submarine|4}} [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship displacement=*1,526&nbsp;[[long ton|ton]]s (1,550&nbsp;[[tonne|t]]) surfaced<ref name="Register"/>
*2,424&nbsp;tons (2,463&nbsp;t) submerged<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship length={{convert|311|ft|9|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship beam={{convert|27|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship draft={{convert|16|ft|10|in|abbr=on}} maximum<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship propulsion={{Fleet-boat-propulsion-late-GM-4-GE}}
|Ship speed=*{{convert|20.25|kn|km/h|0|lk=in}} surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305–311</ref>
*{{convert|8.75|kn|km/h|0}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship range={{convert|11000|nmi|km}} surfaced at 10 knots (19 km/h)<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship endurance=*48 hours at {{convert|2|kn|km/h}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
*75 days on patrol
|Ship test depth={{convert|400|ft|m|-1|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship complement=10 officers, 70–71 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament={{Fleet-boat-armament-5-inch}}
}}
|}

'''USS ''Blower'' (SS-325)''', a [[Balao class submarine|''Balao''-class]] [[submarine]], was a ship of the [[United States Navy]] in commission from 1944 to 1950. She was named after the blower, a type of [[pufferfish]] of the [[United States East Coast]] and [[West Indies]]. During [[World War II]], She completed three war patrols, all in the [[Indian Ocean]], [[Java Sea]], and [[South China Sea]].

''Blower'' was transferred to [[Turkey]] in 1950 under the [[Mutual Defense Assistance Program]], where she was recommissioned in the [[Turkish Navy|Turkish Naval Forces]] as the second '''TCG ''Dumlupınar'''''. ''Dumlupınar'' sank after an accident off the coast of Turkey on 4 April 1953 following a joint [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] training exercise.

== Construction and commissioning ==

''Blower''′s [[keel]] was [[Keel-laying|laid down]] on 15 July 1943 at [[Groton, Connecticut|Groton]], [[Connecticut]], by the [[Electric Boat]] Company. She was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 23 April 1944, [[Ship sponsor|sponsored]] by Mrs. Richard F. J. Johnson, wife of [[Commander (United States)|Commander]] Richard F. J. Johnson, and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 10 August 1944 with [[Lieutenant Commander (United States)|Lieutenant Commander]]  James H. Campbell in command.

==Service history==
===United States Navy===
====World War II====
=====August 1944–January 1945=====
Following [[Shakedown (testing)|shakedown]] training off the coast of [[New England]] and in [[Narragansett Bay]], ''Blower'' departed [[Naval Submarine Base New London]] in Groton on 17 September 1944 for advanced training at the Sound School in [[Key West, Florida|Key West]], [[Florida]]. She left Key West on 10 October 1944 bound for the [[Panama Canal]] and the [[Pacific Ocean]]. Early on the morning of 11 October, during a heavy rain [[squall]], the [[submarine chaser]] {{USS|PC-1145}} collided with her. No one on either ship suffered any injuries, but ''PC-1145''′s [[Bow (ship)|bow]] was smashed back to the first water-tight [[Bulkhead (partition)|bulkhead]]. ''Blower'' suffered a hole in her bow [[buoyancy tank]], damage to her [[conning tower]], and a sheared blade on her [[Port and starboard|starboard]] [[propeller]]. She returned to Key West on 12 October 1944 for repairs, but the damage proved to be so extensive that the work had to be completed at Groton.

''Blower'' got underway from Groton again on 13 November 1944, bound via the Panama Canal for [[Pearl Harbor]], [[Hawaii]], which she reached on 16 December 1944. She spent a month training at Pearl Harbor, then proceeded to [[Saipan]] in the [[Mariana Islands]], where she topped off her fuel supply.

=====First war patrol=====
''Blower'' departed Saipan for her first war patrol on 17 January 1945. She spent most of the 48-day patrol in the [[South China Sea]]  between [[Hainan Island]] and Japanese-occupied [[French Indochina]] off [[Cape Tourane]]. She served as part of a scouting line of 15 submarines stretched out across the South China Sea between [[Singapore]] and the [[Formosa Strait]] along the most probable track for Japanese [[warship]]s returning to [[Japan]] after an oil resupply mission to Singapore. On 13 February 1945 she sighted the masts of a [[battleship]] and two [[cruiser]]s and, after some maneuvering, managed to fire six torpedoes from a range of {{convert|1,800|yd}}. Her sound operators reported one hit on each of two targets, and she later spotted two [[oil slick]]s, but Japanese records do not indicate any damage. She also tried to attack Japanese [[convoy]]s off [[Tourane]], French Indochina, on 15, 22, and 24 February 1945 but could not get close enough, mainly owing to Japanese air patrols and large numbers of small [[fishing boat]]s that impeded her efforts. Groups of floating [[Naval mine|mines]] often forced her to submerge at inopportune moments, further disrupting her operations.

With her [[diesel fuel]] running low, ''Blower'' headed for [[Fremantle]], [[Australia]], on 5 March. She arrived at Fremantle on 19 March 1945 and began a refit alongside the [[submarine tender]] {{USS|Euryale|AS-22}}, during which she received new [[LORAN]] (long-range navigation) and radio [[Direction finding|direction-finding]] equipment and an overhaul of both of her [[radar]]s and all four of her [[diesel engine]]s.

=====Second war patrol=====
''Blower'' departed Fremantle to begin her second war patrol on 14 April 1945. After a brief stop to refuel at [[Exmouth Gulf]] on the coast of [[Western Australia]], she proceeded through [[Lombok Strait]] on 21 April 1945 and took up a patrol station in the [[Java Sea]]. On 22 April, she received orders to form a [[Wolfpack (naval tactic)|coordinated attack group]] with the submarines {{USS|Besugo|SS-321}} and {{USS|Perch|SS-313}}. The three submarines set up a scouting line at {{convert|20|nmi|adj=on}} intervals across the east-west shipping routes between [[Makassar]] and [[Borneo]] and covering the north-south lanes between Borneo and [[Java]]. ''Blower''′s only surface contact was with ''Besugo'', with which she rendezvoused twice. ''Blower'' also was plagued by numerous Japanese [[Maritime patrol aircraft|patrol aircraft]]. Indeed, at 11:30 on 25 April 1944, her lookouts spotted two closing [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] [[floatplane]]s and she quickly dove to avoid attack. Unfortunately for ''Blower'', the water near [[Solombol Island]] was clear and only {{convert|150|ft|0}} deep, allowing the floatplanes to bomb and otherwise harass her for almost two hours as she twisted and turned along the [[sea bed]].

Early on the morning of 26 April 1945, ''Blower'' picked up two slow-moving radar contacts at a range of about {{convert|15,000|yd|sigfig=3}}. Concluding they were what the Americans called "sea trucks," a type of slow Japanese cargo ferry, ''Blower'' closed to engage them on the surface. At 03:22, however, one target turned and increased speed to {{convert|19|kn|0}}, indicating that she was a warship rather than a "sea truck" and prompting ''Blower'' to start bearing away. Ten minutes later, at a range of {{convert|12,750|yd}}, the Japanese ship opened fire with a three-gun [[salvo]], bracketing ''Blower'', with two shots landing within {{convert|75|yd}} of her. ''Blower''′s war diarist later noted "On target - this boy had nice radar ranges. Submerged." ''Blower'' then maneuvered to try and launch a submerged attack, but the Japanese warship moved in a fast search pattern until heading off to the northwest toward ''Perch''′s position at 05:30. Just over 12 hours later, ''Blower'' rendezvoused with ''Perch'', whose [[commanding officer]], Commander Francis B. McCall, said the Japanese warship "had worked him over plenty about noon and put his radar and attack [[periscope]] out of commission."

Moving to a nearby patrol position on 27 April 1945, the coordinated attack group cruised off southern Borneo for over a week. It did not find any worthwhile targets, just the ever-present fleets of small native [[sailboat]]s. At one point, ''Blower''′s diarist wrote "Sailboat in sight. They are even up here. Would certainly like to practice [on them] with the 40 mm's [i.e., ''Blower''′s 40-millimeter guns]."

Turning northwest on 6 May 1945, ''Blower'' proceeded to [[Cape Varella]] off the [[Malay Peninsula]], arranging for a rendezvous with the submarine {{USS|Baya|SS-318}} at 12:30 on 9 May, just after exchanging calls with ''Perch''. The entry in ''Blower''′s war diary reads: "Received mail from ''Baya''. What a commentary on the vaunted Jap[anese] air power in the South China Sea. Three fleet submarines within five miles [i.e., 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi)] of each other; two exchanging mail and movies, and one proceeding unconcernedly on its way." Targets were no more apparent in her new patrol area than off Borneo, however, and ''Blower'' turned to providing lifeguard duties for [[United States Army Air Forces]] [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress|B-29 Superfortress]] four-engine [[bomber]] strikes on [[Nha Trang]] and [[Saigon]] in French Indochina on 12 and 21 May 1945. She also conducted a submerged reconnaissance of [[Vân Phong Bay]] and [[Nha Trang Bay]] on 16 May but saw nothing other than local fishing sailboats. Perhaps the most exciting moment took place on 19 May, when ''Blower''′s crew exchanged recognition signals by flashing light with a [[Consolidated B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] four-engine search plane which passed {{convert|50|ft|0}} overhead, an event commemorated by the war diary entry "They are damn big and look bigger when they are headed in on you."

''Blower'' headed for the [[Philippine Islands]] on 23 May 1945, completing her patrol when she moored alongside the submarine tender {{USS|Anthedon|AS-24}} in Subic Bay on the coast of [[Luzon]] on 24 May 1945.

=====Third war patrol=====

Following a two-week refit, ''Blower'', now under the command of Lieutenant Commander Nelson P. Watkins, departed Subic Bay on 23 June 1945 to begin her third war patrol, bound for a patrol area in the [[Gulf of Siam]] She sighted [[Tenggol Island]] off the east coast of the Malay Peninsula on 28 June 1945 and began patrol operations there. She made rendezvous with the submarine {{USS|Bluefish|SS-222}} on the night of 30 June 1945, and the two submarines agreed to coordinate their patrol coverage. Taking the area south of the island, ''Blower'' sighted an empty [[Lifeboat (shipboard)|lifeboat]] on the morning of 1 July, sparking an impromptu target practice with the aft 40-millimeter gun. The crew fired eleven rounds, getting one hit at a range of {{convert|1,000|to|1,500|yd}}, a result memorialized in the war diary as "The practice was justified by the caliber of the shooting. Terrible." ''Blower'' then moved "close aboard and let [[Gunnery officer|Gunnery Officer]] have a go at it with [[Hand grenade|grenades]]. Result - sore arm. No damages. All in all a very sorry exhibition, so secured, leaving lifeboat bloody and sinking."

On 4 July 1945, the two submarines rendezvoused again to lay out a plan to investigate a ship sighting reported by patrol aircraft. Unfortunately, according to ''Blower''′s war diarist, the aviators' plot "of position showed ships anchored in the mountains." Just in case, the two submarines approached the coast of Japanese-occupied [[British Malaya]] and, as ''Blower''′s war diarist reported laconically, "had a good look at all possible anchorages and inasmuch as no ships were sighted zoomie [slang for "aviator"] position must have been correct." Later that day three of ''Blower''′s lookouts spotted a periscope at a range of {{convert|800|yd|sigfig=2}} and closing. ''Blower''′s war diarist later noted the crew were surprised no attack came as ''Blower'' dived to escape and wondered if their would-be assailant was friendly. The next day, the British submarine {{HMS|Sleuth}} reported attacking a large Japanese submarine with no results, suggesting ''Blower'' had indeed made a lucky escape.

On the evening of 9 July 1945, after ''Blower'' rendezvoused with ''Bluefish'', the two submarines followed, then closed to attack two Japanese submarine chasers off the Malay coast. ''Bluefish'' sank one of them, but ''Blower'' broke off her attack run when the other submarine chaser turned away. The two submarines surfaced to try a gunnery attack, but the surviving submarine chaser fled into a minefield and escaped.

On 11 July 1945, ''Blower'' tried another night attack, this time against a medium-sized vessel she identified as either a [[cargo ship]] or an escort ship. She fired three torpedoes at a range of {{convert|3,500|yd}}. Unfortunately, the first two torpedoes, according to ''Blower''′s war diarist, "leapt clear of the water and chased each other off in a direction not that of the target." The third torpedo missed ahead.

Standing eastward the following day to join a coordinated attack group led by the commanding officer of the submarine {{USS|Charr|SS-328}}, ''Blower'' began patrolling near the [[Natuna Islands]]. On 15 July 1945, after tracking the Japanese submarine {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-351||2}} in the early hours of the morning, ''Blower'' fired four torpedoes at the [[zigzag]]ging submarine from a range of {{convert|1,000|yd|sigfig=2}}. Instead of the expected "blinding flash" though, ''Blower''′s war diarist wrote that ′the crew heard "only a sickly thump followed shortly after by another thump, both loud enough to be heard throughout the boat. The first two had hit - duds." After a short drop down to avoid any torpedoes fired back down her torpedo track, ''Blower'' started up to fire her [[stern]] [[torpedo tube]]s but was shaken by three nearby explosions. Her sound operators reported fast [[Propeller|screws]] nearby and, worried that a Japanese escort had shown up, stayed low until the presumed Japanese escort ship had moved off. Although unsure of what had happened, ''Blower'' radioed a contact report, and an hour later was rewarded by a terrific explosion over the horizon. This was followed shortly thereafter by a report from ''Bluefish'' that she had sunk {{nowrap|''I-351''}}.

Following this encounter, ''Blower'' shifted to the Java Sea near [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]], but encountered only sailboats. Those contacts proved nerve-wracking nonetheless, as constant night radar contacts and poor visilibilty produced several near collisions. To make matters worse, ''Blower'' had at least one encounter with two unidentified [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] submarines, avoiding a [[Friendly fire|friendly-fire]] incident when she flashed a recognition signal to them. Seeing that the area was overly crowded, ''Blower'' passed south through the [[Sunda Strait]] to patrol in the [[Indian Ocean]] off the south coast of Java. At 13:45,{{need date|date=March 2023}} the executive officer remarked "Well, the only thing we need to make the patrol complete is to get bombed." Fifteen minutes later, lookouts spotted an Imperial Japanese Navy [[Mitsubishi G4M]] bomber ([[World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft|Allied reporting name]] "Betty") that dropped two [[Aerial bomb|bombs]] near ''Blower''.

With no targets in sight and low on fuel, ''Blower'' headed east and arrived in Fremantle, Australia, on 28 July 1945, completing her patrol. She was still at Fremantle when [[Surrender of Japan|hostilities with Japan ended]] on 15 August 1945, bringing [[World War II]] to a close.

====Post-World War II====

''Blower'' received orders to proceed from Fremantle to [[Sydney]], Australia, and then head for [[Guam]] in the Mariana Islands, which she reached on 16 September 1945. She remained at Guam for three months, carrying out a series of training exercises in the Mariana and [[Caroline Islands]]. On 11 January 1946, she got underway to proceed to Pearl Harbor. She then continued to [[San Diego]], [[California]], where she arrived on 30 January 1946.

From 1946 through 1949, ''Blower'' was attached to the [[Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet|Submarine Force]] of the [[United States Pacific Fleet]]. She operated from San Diego, conducting torpedo exercises, submerged sound school operations, and general training programs. She made a cruise to [[Yokosuka]], Japan, that began on 14 October 1946, and participated in fleet operations near Guam and Saipan before returning to San Diego on 3 January 1947. ''Blower'' conducted local operations from San Diego for the rest of 1947, and underwent an overhaul in [[San Francisco]], California, in early 1948. She departed [[Bremerton, Washington|Bremerton]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], on 2 August 1948 and, in company with the submarine {{USS|Carp|SS-338}}, cruised to the waters of the [[Territory of Alaska]], collecting radar and [[sonar]] tracking data along the edge of the [[Arctic ice pack]] in the [[Chukchi Sea]] for use in future submarine operations in the [[Arctic]]. Returning to San Diego on 25 September 1948, she resumed routine operations in the Pacific Ocean.

In February 1950, ''Blower'' was selected for transfer to [[Turkey]] under the terms of the [[Mutual Defense Assistance Program]]. On 12 February 1950, she departed San Diego bound for the [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] at [[League Island]] in [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], where she arrived on 3 March 1950 to begin an overhaul. Upon completion of the [[shipyard]] work, she proceeded to Naval Submarine Base New London in Groton, Connecticut, where she arrived on 27 September 1950 and immediately began training her prospective Turkish crew. ''Blower'' was decommissioned at Naval Submarine Base New London on 16 November 1950. She was struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 20 November 1950.

====Honors and awards====
*[[File:Army of Occupation ribbon.svg|106px]] [[Navy Occupation Service Medal]] with "ASIA" clasp

=== Turkish Naval Forces ===
{{other ships|TCG Dumlupınar}}

====1950–1953====
On 16 November 1950, the day of her decommissioning, ''Blower'' was transferred to Turkey, which commissioned her in the [[Turkish Navy|Turkish Naval Forces]] as the second '''TCG ''Dumlupınar''''', named for the [[Battle of Dumlupınar]] of 26 to 30 August 1922, and last battle of the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)|Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922]] and the final and defining battle of the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. ''Dumlupınar'' served in the Turkish Naval Forces for almost three years.

====Loss====

Late on the evening on 3 April 1953, ''Dumlupınar'' and the Turkish submarine [[USS Brill|TCG ''Birinci İnönü'' (S330)]] (also sometimes written "TCG ''İnönü I''") started their voyage home to the [[Turkish Armed Forces]] Naval Yards in [[Gölcük, Kocaeli|Gölcük]], Turkey, after completing their participation in a regular [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO) training exercise in the [[Mediterranean]]. On 4 April 1953 at 02:10, they entered the [[Dardanelles]] (also known as the [[Çanakkale]] [[Strait]]) en route Gölcük. Ninety-six men were aboard ''Dumlupınar'', 88 of them below deck and eight on [[deck (ship)|deck]].

There was a heavy mist in the strait that night, which severely limited visibility. [[Lieutenant (navy)|Lieutenant]] Hüseyin İnkaya was on deck duty when something unseen suddenly and violently struck ''Dumlupınar'' off [[Nara Burnu]] ([[English language|English]] "Cape Nara"), the narrowest ({{convert|1.2|km|nmi mi|2}} and deepest ({{convert|113|m|0}} point of the Dardanelles, as well as the point where the [[Ocean current|current]]s are the strongest at up to {{convert|5|kn}}, versus {{convert|1|to|2|kn}} elsewhere in the strait. The force of the impact threw the eight crew members on deck overboard. ''Dumlupınar''′s [[propeller]]s killed two of them, while another drowned in the ensuing commotion.

The [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[cargo ship]] {{MV|Naboland}} had collided with ''Dumlupınar'', ramming her on her starboard side in her [[Bow (ship)|bow]] torpedo room. ''Dumlupınar'' started to take on water in her forward compartments. The collision severed most communications and knocked out ''Dumlupınar''′s electrical power. The 88 men below decks, seeing that ''Dumlupınar'' was taking on water from the bow, tried to reach the stern to seek shelter in the aft torpedo room, but many of them perished in the rapidly rising waters. Of the 88, only 22 were able to reach and lock themselves in the stern torpedo compartment. ''Dumlupınar'' sank within minutes due to the scale of the damage and a subsequent explosion in her central compartment. The survivors trapped in the stern torpedo room released an emergency communications [[buoy]] in the hope of signaling rescuers on the surface.

Shortly after the collision, a small [[motorboat]] that had heard the impact alerted a [[Government of Turkey|Turkish Government]] [[customs]] ship [[ancho]]red nearby in the harbor at [[Eceabat]] to the incident. When the customs ship reached the site of the accident, her crew saw that ''Naboland'' had lowered her [[Lifeboat (shipboard)|lifeboats]] and deployed [[life jacket]]s to find and rescue survivors from ''Dumlupınar'' and was firing [[flare]]s to alert rescuers and guide them to the scene. The customs ship took on board the five sailors from ''Dumlupınar'' who had survived being thrown off her deck and took them to local hospitals. Three of the hospitalized men died of their injuries on 5 April 1953.

Nobody on the surface was aware of the number of casualties at the time, and authorities called the Turkish [[submarine rescue ship]] ''Kurtaran'' to the scene. While rescuers waited for ''Kurtaran'' to arrive, the sun began to rise, the heavy mist started to clear, and the customs ship spotted the emergency communications buoy the trapped sailors had released. Selim Yoludüz, a second [[Engine officer|engineer]] aboard the customs ship, reached for the telephone located inside the communications buoy and read the inscription on it, which said, "The submarine TCG ''Dumlupınar'', commissioned in the Turkish Navy, has sunk here. Open the hatch to establish contact with the submarine." Following these directions, Yoludüz established contact with the sunken submarine. From ''Dumlupınar''′s torpedo room, Lieutenant Selami Özben informed Yoludüz that ''Dumlupınar'' was [[Angle of list|listing]] 15 degrees to starboard after colliding with a cargo ship, and that the surviving 22 members of crew were locked away in the stern torpedo compartment with no power or supplies. Yoludüz, in turn, informed Lieutenant Özben that ''Dumlupınar'' had sunk in the [[Nara Bay]] area off [[Çanakkale]] and was lying at a depth of approximately {{convert|90|m|0}}, that the rescue ship ''Kurtaran'' was on her way, and that they would do everything they could to rescue the trapped sailors.

''Kurtaran'' arrived at the scene at approximately 11:00 on 4 April 1953, about nine hours after the collision, with [[Admiral]] [[Sadık Altıncan]] and [[Governor (Turkey)|Governor]] [[Safaeddin Karnakçı]] aboard. Throughout the ensuing rescue operation, Özben kept in regular contact with Yoludüz, as well as the admiral commanding the Çanakkale Sea Forces, Zeki Adar, and the second captain of the submarine ''Birinci İnönü'', Suat Tezcan. The rescuers implored the trapped sailors to keep their spirits up, and advised them to refrain from talking, singing, or smoking in order to preserve [[oxygen]].

Despite numerous attempts by engineers, [[Underwater diving|divers]], and United States Navy and Turkish Naval Forces vessels, rescue efforts did not succeed due to the strong currents at the scene and the depth of ''Dumlupınar'', and the morale of the trapped crewmen began to decline. By the afternoon of 4 April 1953, the voices of the 22 sailors were quieting and were being replaced by prayers. Finally, the rescue workers told the sailors, "Gentlemen, now you can talk, you can sing, you can even smoke." Özben responded with a final "For our country," and at approximately 15:00 on 4 April, the cable connecting the communications buoy to ''Dumlupınar'' broke, disconnecting the only means of communication between the surface and the men trapped aboard ''Dumlupınar''.

Despite the loss of communications, rescue operations continued, attracting widespread attention from the Turkish public. On 7 April 1953, three days after the accident, it was declared that the rising [[carbon dioxide]] levels inside ''Dumlupınar'' would by then have killed any surviving crewmen, and the rescue operation was abandoned. At 15:00 on 8 April 1953, a memorial ceremony for the crew of ''Dumlupınar'' took place aboard the ship ''Başaran''.

In all, 94 submariners died in the accident due to drowning, bodily injury, or [[carbon dioxide poisoning]]. The wreck of ''Dumlupınar'' still lies at a depth of {{convert|90|m|0}}, with the remains of 88 men still aboard.

====In culture====
The tragedy of ''Dumlupınar'' has inspired numerous songs and tributes in honor of the lost sailors. It is commemorated every year in Turkey on 4&nbsp;April.

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/b7/blower-i.htm|http://www.hazegray.org/danfs/submar/ss325.htm}}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
*{{navsource|08/08325|Blower}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041025031504/http://www.turkishnavy.net/submarine/hist3.htm ''History of Turkish Submarines'' (1948–1972)]

{{Balao class submarine|others}}
{{October 1944 shipwrecks}}
{{1953 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Blower (Ss-325)}}
[[Category:Balao-class submarines]]
[[Category:Ships built in Groton, Connecticut]]
[[Category:1944 ships]]
[[Category:World War II submarines of the United States]]
[[Category:Cold War submarines of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Turkish Navy]]
[[Category:Balao-class submarines of the Turkish Navy]]
[[Category:Ships sunk in collisions]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks in the Dardanelles]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in October 1944]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1953]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

ARA Santa Fe (S-21) (edit)
BAP Pacocha (SS-48) (edit)
French submarine Amazone (Q161) (edit)
German cruiser Leipzig (edit)
German submarine U-1006 (edit)
German submarine U-1060 (edit)
German submarine U-1226 (edit)
German submarine U-168 (edit)
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Blower"