Rhomphaiodon

Rhomphaiodon; Temporal range: Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, 215.56–175.6 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Subclass:	Elasmobranchii
Order:	†Synechodontiformes
Genus:	†Rhomphaiodon; Duffin, 1993
Type species
	†Rhomphaiodon minor; Duffin, 1993
Species
	†R. minor Duffin, 1993 (type); †R. nicolensis Duffin, 1993;
Synonyms
	Hybodus minor Agassiz, 1837;

Rhomphaiodon is an extinct genus of prehistoric sharks in the order Synechodontiformes that has been found in Late Triassic and Early Jurassic deposits located in Europe.^[1] The type species R. minor was originally named as a species of Hybodus in 1837 by Louis Agassiz.^[2] A second species, R. nicolensis, was added when the genus was named in 1993.^[3]

Fossil distribution

Fossils of Rhomphaiodon have been found in:^[4]

Triassic

Grès de Mortinsart Formation, Norian-Rhaetian Belgium (R. minor)^[5]
Sables de Mortinsart Formation, Norian Belgium (R. minor)^[6]
near Saint-Laurent-du-Var, Rhaetian France (R. minor)^[7]^[8]
Gres à Avicula contorta Formation, Rhaetian France (R. nicolensis)^[9]^[3]
Apfelstädtgrundes, Rhaetian Germany (R. minor)^[10]
Kössener Schichten Formation (Cochloceras suessi ammonoid zone), Rhaetian Germany (R. minor)^[11]
Steinmergel Group, Norian Luxembourg (R. minor)^[12]^[13]
Magnesian Conglomerate, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[14]^[15]
Westbury Formation, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[16]^[17]^[18]
Microlestes Quarry, Frome, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[19]
Manor Farm Quarry, Gloucestershire, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[1]
Penarth Group, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[1]
Cribbs Causeway, Bristol, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[1]
Pullastra Sandstone, Rhaetian England (R. minor)^[20]

Jurassic

Aubange, Fleche (Hildoceras bifrons zone), Toarcian Belgium (R. minor)^[21]
Dudelange, Ginzebierg, Toarcian Luxembourg (R. minor)^[22]
Windsor Hill, Buckinghamshire (Lias Group?), Pliensbachian England (R. minor)^[23]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d G. Cuny and S. Risnes. 2005. The Enameloid Microstructure of the Teeth of Synechodontiform Sharks (Chondrichthyes: Neoselachii). PalArch 3(2):9-19
^ L. Agassiz. 1837. Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome III (livr. 8-9). Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel viii-72
^ ^a ^b C. J. Duffin. 1993. Late Triassic sharks teeth (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (north-east France). Belgian Geological Survey, Professional Paper, Elasmobranches et Stratigraphie 264(1993):7-32
^ "Rhomphaiodon". Fossilworks. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
^ C. J. Duffin and D. Delsate. 1993. The age of the Upper Triassic vertebrate fauna from Attert (Province of Luxembourg, Belgium). Belgian Geological Survey, Professional Paper, Elasmobranches et Stratigraphie 264(1993):33-44
^ C. J. Duffin, P. Coupatez, J. C. Lepage and G. Wouters. 1983. Rhaetian (Upper Triassic) marine faunas from "Le Golfe du Luxembourg" in Belgium (preliminary note). Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie 92(4):311-315
^ G. Corroy. 1934. Les poissons et les reptiles du Muschelkalk et du Rhetien de Basse-Provence. Bulletin de la Société geologique de France 3, serie 5(5-6):475-483
^ V. Fischer, H. Capetta, P. Vincent, G. Garcia, S. Goolaerts, J. E. Martin, D. Roggero and X. Valentin. 2014. Ichthyosaurs from the French Rhaetian indicate a severe turnover across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. Naturwissenschaften 101:1027-1040
^ D. Sigogneau-Russell. 1983. Nouveaux taxons de mammifères rhétiens [New taxa of Rhaetian mammals]. Second Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Jadwisin 1981. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 28(1-2):233-249
^ R. Amthor. 1908. Das Bonebed im Rhät des Apfelstädtgrundes südöstlich von Gotha. Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaften 80:91-96
^ H. Zapfe. 1976. Ein großer Ichthyosaurier aus den Kössener Schichten der Nordalpen. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 80:239-250
^ G. Hahn, J. C. Lepage, and G. Wouters. 1984. Cynodontier-Zähne aus der Ober-Trias von Medernach, Grossherzogtum Luxemburg [Cynodontian teeth from the Upper Triassic of Medernach, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]. Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie 93(4):357-373
^ P. Godefroit, G. Cuny, D. Delsate and M. Roche. 1998. Late Triassic vertebrates from Syren (Luxembourg). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 210(3):305-343
^ Foffa, D.; Whiteside, D. I.; Viegas, P. A.; Benton, M. J. (2014), "Vertebrates from the Late Triassic Thecodontosaurus-bearing rocks of Durdham Down, Clifton (Bristol, UK)", Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 125 (3): 317–332, Bibcode:2014PrGA..125..317F, doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2014.02.002
^ W. Buckland. 1824. Reliquiæ Diluvianæ; or, Observations on the Organic Remains Contained in Caves, Fissures, and Diluvial Gravel, and on Other Geological Phenomena, Attesting the Action of an Universal Deluge. Second Edition. John Murray, London 1-30
^ D. M. Martill and A. Dawn. 1986. Fossil vertebrates from new exposures of the Westbury Formation (Upper Triassic) at Newark, Nottinghamshire. Mercian Geologist 10(2):127-133
^ C. J. Duffin. 1982. Teeth of a new selachian from the Upper Triassic of England. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1982(3):156-166
^ P. Egerton. 1854. On some new genera and species of fossil fishes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Second Series 13:433-436
^ R. Owen. 1871. Monograph of the fossil Mammalia of the Mesozoic formations. 24(110):vi-115
^ W. A. Macfadyen. 1970. Geological Highlights of the West Country. A Nature Conservancy Handbook 1-296
^ D. Delsate and P. Godefroit. 1995. Chondrichtyens du Toarcien inferieur d'Aubange (Lorraine belge). Belgian Geological Survey, Professional Paper, Elasmobranches et Stratigraphie 278(1994):23-43
^ D. Delsate. 2003. Une nouvelle faune des poissons et requins Toarciens du sud du Luxembourg (Dudelange) et de L'Allemange (Schömberg). Bulletin de l'Académie Lorrain des Sciences 42:13-49
^ W. Kühne. 1956. The Liassic therapsid Oligokyphus. British Museum (Natural History), London 1-149

[Cuny2005-1] G. Cuny and S. Risnes. 2005. The Enameloid Microstructure of the Teeth of Synechodontiform Sharks (Chondrichthyes: Neoselachii). PalArch 3(2):9-19

[2] L. Agassiz. 1837. Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome III (livr. 8-9). Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel viii-72

[Duffin1993-3] C. J. Duffin. 1993. Late Triassic sharks teeth (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (north-east France). Belgian Geological Survey, Professional Paper, Elasmobranches et Stratigraphie 264(1993):7-32

[FWRhomphaiodon-4] "Rhomphaiodon". Fossilworks. Retrieved 17 December 2021.

[5] C. J. Duffin and D. Delsate. 1993. The age of the Upper Triassic vertebrate fauna from Attert (Province of Luxembourg, Belgium). Belgian Geological Survey, Professional Paper, Elasmobranches et Stratigraphie 264(1993):33-44

[6] C. J. Duffin, P. Coupatez, J. C. Lepage and G. Wouters. 1983. Rhaetian (Upper Triassic) marine faunas from "Le Golfe du Luxembourg" in Belgium (preliminary note). Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie 92(4):311-315

[7] G. Corroy. 1934. Les poissons et les reptiles du Muschelkalk et du Rhetien de Basse-Provence. Bulletin de la Société geologique de France 3, serie 5(5-6):475-483

[8] V. Fischer, H. Capetta, P. Vincent, G. Garcia, S. Goolaerts, J. E. Martin, D. Roggero and X. Valentin. 2014. Ichthyosaurs from the French Rhaetian indicate a severe turnover across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. Naturwissenschaften 101:1027-1040

[9] D. Sigogneau-Russell. 1983. Nouveaux taxons de mammifères rhétiens [New taxa of Rhaetian mammals]. Second Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Jadwisin 1981. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 28(1-2):233-249

[10] R. Amthor. 1908. Das Bonebed im Rhät des Apfelstädtgrundes südöstlich von Gotha. Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaften 80:91-96

[11] H. Zapfe. 1976. Ein großer Ichthyosaurier aus den Kössener Schichten der Nordalpen. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 80:239-250

[12] G. Hahn, J. C. Lepage, and G. Wouters. 1984. Cynodontier-Zähne aus der Ober-Trias von Medernach, Grossherzogtum Luxemburg [Cynodontian teeth from the Upper Triassic of Medernach, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]. Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie 93(4):357-373

[13] P. Godefroit, G. Cuny, D. Delsate and M. Roche. 1998. Late Triassic vertebrates from Syren (Luxembourg). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 210(3):305-343

[14] Foffa, D.; Whiteside, D. I.; Viegas, P. A.; Benton, M. J. (2014), "Vertebrates from the Late Triassic Thecodontosaurus-bearing rocks of Durdham Down, Clifton (Bristol, UK)", Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 125 (3): 317–332, Bibcode:2014PrGA..125..317F, doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2014.02.002

[15] W. Buckland. 1824. Reliquiæ Diluvianæ; or, Observations on the Organic Remains Contained in Caves, Fissures, and Diluvial Gravel, and on Other Geological Phenomena, Attesting the Action of an Universal Deluge. Second Edition. John Murray, London 1-30

[16] D. M. Martill and A. Dawn. 1986. Fossil vertebrates from new exposures of the Westbury Formation (Upper Triassic) at Newark, Nottinghamshire. Mercian Geologist 10(2):127-133

[17] C. J. Duffin. 1982. Teeth of a new selachian from the Upper Triassic of England. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1982(3):156-166

[18] P. Egerton. 1854. On some new genera and species of fossil fishes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Second Series 13:433-436

[19] R. Owen. 1871. Monograph of the fossil Mammalia of the Mesozoic formations. 24(110):vi-115

[20] W. A. Macfadyen. 1970. Geological Highlights of the West Country. A Nature Conservancy Handbook 1-296

[21] D. Delsate and P. Godefroit. 1995. Chondrichtyens du Toarcien inferieur d'Aubange (Lorraine belge). Belgian Geological Survey, Professional Paper, Elasmobranches et Stratigraphie 278(1994):23-43

[22] D. Delsate. 2003. Une nouvelle faune des poissons et requins Toarciens du sud du Luxembourg (Dudelange) et de L'Allemange (Schömberg). Bulletin de l'Académie Lorrain des Sciences 42:13-49

[23] W. Kühne. 1956. The Liassic therapsid Oligokyphus. British Museum (Natural History), London 1-149

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]