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{{Short description|Agosta-90B class submarine of the Pakistan Navy}}
{{For|the Iranian ship bearing the same name|IRIS Hamzeh}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin <!-- submarines -->
|infobox caption= 
|display title= 
}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image= [[File:Hamza!.jpg|300px]]
|Ship image size= 
|Ship caption={{small|PNS ''Hamza'' being prepared for her depth testings in Karachi in 2006.}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=[[Pakistan]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Pakistan|naval}}
|Ship name=PNS ''Hamza''
|Ship namesake=[[Hamza ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib|Ḥamzah]]
|Ship ordered= 21 September 1994
|Ship builder=[[Karachi Shipyard|KSEW Ltd.]] in [[Pakistan]]
|Ship laid down=1 March 1997
|Ship launched=10 August 2006
|Ship sponsor=[[Sehba Musharraf]]
|Ship acquired=
|Ship homeport=[[Jinnah Naval Base]]
|Ship commissioned=23 September 2008<ref name=paknavy_agosta90b>{{cite web |title=Agosta 90b |url=http://www.paknavy.gov.pk/agosta90b.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511051334/http://www.paknavy.gov.pk/agosta90b.htm |archive-date=11 May 2012 |website=Pakistan Navy |accessdate=30 December 2018 |date=11 May 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|Ship identification= S-139
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=2008–present 
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship fate=
|Ship status=In service 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=[[Agosta 90B-class submarine|Agosta 90Bravo]]/{{sclass|Khalid|submarine}}
|Ship displacement=
* {{convert|1,570|LT|0|abbr=on}} (Surface)
* {{convert|2,050|LT|0|abbr=on}} (Submerged)
|Ship length={{convert|249.4|ft|m|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="Naval Technology">{{cite web |title=SSK Agosta 90B Class Submarine |url=https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/agosta/ |website=Naval Technology |accessdate=21 December 2018 |location=New York |language=en-us |quote=The Agosta 90B's performance remains the same in all other respects, except that the length increases from 67m to 76m and submerged displacement from 1,760t to 2,050t. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901113331/https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/agosta/ |archive-date=1 September 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Ship beam={{convert|22.3|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught=
* {{convert|27|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
* {{convert|26.7|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=2 × [[SEMT Pielstick|SEMT Pielstick 16 PA4 V 185 VG]] [[Air-independent propulsion|AIP MESMA]]: {{convert|3600|hp|lk=in|abbr=on}}, 1 × shaft.
|Ship power=2 × [[Jeumont-Schneider]] [[Alternator|alternators]] producing: {{convert|4600|hp|lk=in|abbr=on}}.
|Ship speed=
* {{convert|12.0|kn|lk=in}} (surface)
* {{convert|20.5|kn}} (submerged)
|Ship range= {{convert|6,000|mi|km}} at {{convert|9|kn}}<ref name="News International, OC, 2006">{{cite news |title=Accountability should be across- the-board: Asma |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/14999-pn-to-launch-submarine-hamza-in-august |accessdate=30 December 2018 |work=The News |date=11 July 2006 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230233256/https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/14999-pn-to-launch-submarine-hamza-in-august |archive-date=30 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Ship endurance=35 Days
|Ship test depth={{convert|968.5|ft|m|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="janes">{{cite book |last1=Jane |first1=Frederick Thomas |title=Jane's Fighting Ships |date=1999 |publisher=S. Low, Marston & Company |isbn=9780710619051 |language=en |page=637}}</ref><ref name="Naval Technology" />
|Ship complement=50 (10 officers, 40 enlisted)<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2006"/>
|Ship sensors=[[Towed array sonar]]
|Ship EW=
*[[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]]: [[Technicolor SA|Thomson-CSF DR-3000U]]; intercept.
*[[Low-probability-of-intercept radar|Low-probability-of-intercept]]
|Ship armament=
* [[DM2A4|DM2A4 SeaHake mod 4]]
* [[Stonefish|Stonefish naval mines]]
* 4 × {{convert|533|mm|0|abbr=on}} bow [[torpedo tube]]s Up to 16 [[F17 torpedo|F17P Mod 2]] torpedoes.
* [[Surface-to-ship missile|SSM]]: [[Exocet|Exocet SM 39]]
* [[Submarine-launched cruise missile|SLCM]]: [[Babur (cruise missile)|Babur–III]]
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''PNS/M ''Hamza'' (S-139)''' is a [[Diesel-electric submarine|diesel-electric]] [[Fast attack Submarine|fast-attack]] submarine equipped with an [[Air-independent propulsion|air–independent propulsion]] [[Marine propulsion|system]] and the third submarine of her [[Agosta 90B class submarine|''Agosta 90B''/''Khalid''-class submarine]].<ref name=paknavy_agosta90b /> She was [[Engineering Design and Construction|designed and constructed]] by the [[Karachi Shipyard|KSEW Ltd.]] under the [[technology transfer]] agreement with France in 1994.

PNS ''Hamza'' is the first submarine that has been fitted with the French [[Air-independent propulsion|MESMA system]], which was an experimental at that stage – Pakistan is the first country to use the MESMA system in deep sea on board a submarine.<ref name=paknavy_agosta90b /> It is the first submarine built in South Asia to feature an [[Air-independent propulsion]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Pakistan Submarine Capabilities|url=https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/pakistan-submarine-capabilities/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112025002/https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/pakistan-submarine-capabilities/|archive-date=12 January 2020|access-date=|website=NTI}}</ref>

==Design overview==
{{Main|Pakistan Navy SSP programme}}
PNS ''Hamza'' was designed and built by the [[Karachi Shipyard|KSEW Ltd.]] at the [[Karachi Naval Dockyard]], with the participation of more than 300 civilian engineers and technicians trained in France's defense industry.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2006"/> In 1999–2004, the French and other European contractors reportedly trained more than 600 Pakistani machinists and metal workers in various construction skills of the submarine to meet the challenges of modern warfare in which submarines play a vital role.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2006">{{cite news |title=Agosta submarine will enhance PN capability |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/200914/ |accessdate=30 December 2018 |newspaper=Dawn |date=11 July 2006 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230233423/https://www.dawn.com/news/200914/ |archive-date=30 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Ship construction|construction]] of the submarine reportedly involves the employment of the local metal industry in the Navy's submarine construction program as had done previously when {{ship|PNS|Saad||2}} was being rebuilt.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2006"/>

PNS ''Hamza'' is the most advanced version of the {{sclass|Agosta 90B|submarine|5}} design and is more advanced than her two sister ship, {{ship|PNS|Khalid||2}} and ''Saad'', as its outer hull is light steel structure, HLES 80, was built at the [[Pakistan Steel Mills|Pakistan Steel]] and fabricated at the [[Karachi Naval Dockyard|Naval Dockyard]] in Karachi in [[Machine element|element parts]] and mounted on the inner pressure hull.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2008">{{cite news |title=Another Agosta submarine ready |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/322476 |accessdate=30 December 2018 |newspaper=Dawn |date=23 September 2008 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230233426/https://www.dawn.com/news/322476 |archive-date=30 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> The pressure hull section was fabricated and outfitted by the Naval Dockyard in collaboration with the Karachi Shipyard.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2008"/>

PNS ''Hamza'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] on 1 March 1997 in [[Karachi]], and the [[steel cutting]] started by the [[Pakistan Steel Mills]].<ref name="Naval Institute Press, Wertheim, 2005">{{cite book |last1=Wertheim |first1=Eric |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World |date=2005 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=9781591149347 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hoo-AQAAIAAJ&q=PNS+Hamza+laid+down |accessdate=30 December 2018 |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|530}} The construction of the submarine started in 1998 by KSEW Ltd. at the Karachi Naval Dockyard, followed by fabrication of 12 pressure hull sub-sections and culminating into three pressure hull sections. This was followed by mounting of light bulkheads, internal tanks and ballast panels in August 2003.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2006" />

== Service ==
On 10 August 2006, ''Hamza'' was [[Ship launching|launched]], sponsored by [[Sehba Musharraf]], the First Lady of [[Pakistan]], and is named after [[Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Ḥamzah ibn ‘Abdul-Muṭṭalib]]– the [[sahaba|companion]] and paternal uncle of [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]].<ref name=paknavy_agosta90b /> Her [[Submarine depth ratings|maximum depth]] test was approximated at the {{convert|1968.5|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} in the [[Indian Ocean]]<ref name="janes" /><ref name="Naval Technology" /> with the MESMA system, and is capable of launching the [[Exocet|Exocet SM39]] missiles while submerged on a seaborne platform.<ref name="Arab News, Jubail 2014">{{cite news |title=Pak submarine joins naval drills in Jubail |url=http://www.arabnews.com/news/570001 |accessdate=30 December 2018 |work=Arab News |date=13 May 2014 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925035844/http://www.arabnews.com/news/570001 |archive-date=25 September 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

After completing series of depth tests and sea trials in the Indian Ocean, ''Hamza'' was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] by then-[[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Shaukat Aziz]] on 23 September 2008, and joined the Navy's Submarine Command on 26 September 2008.<ref name="Arab News, Jubail 2014" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Submarine Hamza to be commissioned on Sept 26 |url=http://www.aaj.tv/2008/09/submarine-hamza-to-be-commissioned-on-sept-26/ |website=Aaj News |agency=Associated Press of Pakistan |accessdate=30 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230233334/http://www.aaj.tv/2008/09/submarine-hamza-to-be-commissioned-on-sept-26/ |archive-date=30 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Her crew complement is reported as 50 personnel (10 officers, 40 enlisted).<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, staff writer, 2006"/>

== Upgrades ==
On 6 March 2018, the DCNS, its original builder, lost the bidding competition with the Turkish firm, [[Savunma Teknolojileri Mühendislik ve Ticaret A.Ş|STM]], for its refitting and upgrading of her weapon system, combat control system, missile rooms, and periscope upgrades, and is slated to return to her active service in 2020 after returning from Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gady |first1=Franz-Stefan |title=Turkey to Upgrade Pakistan Navy'a attack sub |url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/03/turkey-to-upgrade-pakistan-navy-attack-sub/ |newspaper=The Diplomat |access-date=21 December 2018 |language=en |date=6 March 2018}}</ref>

Upgrades on the submarine were completed in early 2021 and she was delivered to the Pakistan Navy in April that year.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pakistan validates post-upgrade capabilities of Khalid-class submarine in sinking exercise|date=23 March 2022|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/pakistan-validates-post-upgrade-capabilities-of-khalid-class-submarine-in-sinking-exercise}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Agosta 90B Class Submarine PNS/M HAMZA (S-139), modernized by STM for the Pakistan Navy|date=18 March 2022|url=https://www.stm.com.tr/tr/medya/haberler/stmnin-modernize-ettigi-agosta-90b-sinifi-denizalti-hedefini-tam-isabetle-vurdu}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of ships of Pakistan Navy]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Agosta class submarines}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hashmat (S135)}}
[[Category:Khalid-class submarines]]
[[Category:Ships built in Pakistan]]
[[Category:2006 ships]]
[[Category:Submarines of Pakistan]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

French submarine Agosta (S620) (view source)
French submarine Bévéziers (S621) (view source)
French submarine La Praya (S622) (view source)
French submarine Ouessant (S623) (edit)
PNS Hamza (S139) (edit)
PNS Hashmat (edit)
PNS Hurmat (edit)
PNS Khalid (edit)
PNS Khalid (S137) (edit)
PNS Saad (edit)
PNS Saad (S138) (edit)
Spanish submarine Galerna (edit)
Spanish submarine Mistral (S73) (view source)
Spanish submarine Siroco (edit)
Spanish submarine Tramontana (S74) (edit)
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