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Jeff Duncan (politician)

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Not to be confused with Geoff Duncan, 12th lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Georgia.

Jeff Duncan
Official portrait, 2022
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 3rd district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2011
Preceded byGresham Barrett
Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
from the 15th district
In office
January 14, 2003 – January 3, 2011
Preceded byDonny Wilder
Succeeded byDavid Tribble Jr.
Personal details
Born
Jeffrey Darren Duncan

(1966-01-07) January 7, 1966 (age 58)
Greenville, South Carolina, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
Melody Hodges
​
​
(m. 1988; sep. 2023)​
Children3
ResidenceLaurens, South Carolina
EducationClemson University (BA)
OccupationReal estate broker, auctioneer, politician
WebsiteHouse website

Jeffrey Darren Duncan (born January 7, 1966) is a United States representative for South Carolina's 3rd congressional district since 2011. His district comprises nine counties, two of these counties being manufacturing centers for the state. On January 17, 2024, Duncan announced that he would not run for re-election.[1] Duncan previously served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 2002 to 2010 when he retired to run for the U.S. House of Representatives.

Early life, education, and business career

Jeff Duncan was born in Greenville, South Carolina, on January 7, 1966.[2] His father worked in the textile business and moved the family across the South while Duncan was growing up. After attending three years of high school at Mooresville Senior High School in Mooresville, North Carolina, Duncan moved to Ware Shoals and attended Ware Shoals High School. During his senior year of high school, he met his future wife, Melody Hodges. Duncan graduated from Clemson University with a BA in political science in 1988 and was a member of the school's football team.

After graduation, Duncan served as branch manager and an assistant vice president during his seven years working in community banking. Later, he started his own small business, J. Duncan & Associates, a South Carolina-based, family-owned real estate marketing firm that specialized in statewide real estate auctions. He ran and operated that business until his election to Congress in 2010.

South Carolina House of Representatives

Elections

Duncan ran for South Carolina's House District 15 in 2002. In the Republican primary, he defeated local businessman David Tribble Jr., 56%–44%. He won the general election with 61% of the vote. In 2004, he was reelected to a second term unopposed. In 2006, he was reelected to a third term with 63% of the vote. In 2008, he was reelected to a fourth term unopposed. In 2010, he retired in order to run for the U.S. House of Representatives. Tribble, Duncan's primary opponent in 2002, won Duncan's seat.

Tenure

Duncan has received the Guardian of Small Business award from the National Federation of Independent Business, an A+ rating from the South Carolina Club for Growth, and the Palmetto Leadership Award from the SC policy council, The SC Recreation and Parks Association and SC Wildlife Federation named him Legislator of the Year. Then Governor Mark Sanford also named him a "Taxpayer’s Hero".

Committee assignments

In 2007, Duncan was named chair of the House Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environmental Affairs Committee. He was appointed to serve on the Education Finance Study Committee and the Natural Gas Offshore Drilling Study Committee. He also served as South Carolina's representative on the Southern States Energy Board.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2010

See also: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan ran for South Carolina's 3rd Congressional District when Republican incumbent U.S. representative J. Gresham Barrett ran for governor of South Carolina. He was an early Tea Party favorite and was endorsed by the Club for Growth and the National Right to Life Committee. In the Republican primary, businessman Richard Cash ranked first with 25% but failed to reach the 50% threshold to win outright. Duncan ranked second in the six-candidate field with 23%. In the runoff election, Duncan defeated Cash 51%–49%, a vote difference of 2,171. He won five of the district's ten counties, mostly in the southern part of the district. He won the general election with 62% of the vote, 2% less than John McCain's 64% vote in 2008. He won nine of the district's ten counties, losing just McCormick (52%–47%). Duncan spent $935,503; Democrat Jane Ballard Dyer spent $272,698.

2012

See also: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan was reelected in the newly redrawn 3rd district, which excludes Aiken County, and includes two new counties: Newberry and Greenville. He received 67% of the vote. Duncan outperformed Romney by 2% in the district.

2014

See also: 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan was reelected with 71.18% of the vote over Democratic nominee Barbara Jo Mullis.

2016

See also: 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan was reelected, exceeding his 2014 election margin with 72.8% of the vote, over Democratic nominee Hosea Cleveland. He was the first Congressional Republican to carry McCormick County during a presidential election year. Duncan outperformed Trump by over 5% in 2016.

2018

See also: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan was reelected with 67.79% of the vote against Democratic nominee Mary Geren and American Party nominee Dave Moore.[3]

2020

See also: 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan was reelected with 71.21% of the vote against Democratic nominee Hosea Cleveland.[4]

2022

See also: 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina § District 3

Duncan was reelected in 2022 with 97.6% of the vote and no opponent on the ballot.

Tenure

As of January 30, 2018, Duncan has the most conservative GovTrack ideology score in the House of Representatives. In 2017, his Heritage Action voting scorecard was 100%.

Committee assignments

Duncan formerly served on the Committee on Natural Resources, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs. During over three years of his time on the Committee on Foreign Affairs, he chaired the Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere. During two years of his time on the Committee on Homeland Security, he chaired the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency.

On October 24, 2017, Duncan was appointed to the Energy and Commerce Committee.

Caucus memberships

Legislation and tenure

Duncan was a "Tea Party freshman" in the 112th Congress.

In February 2011, Duncan introduced a resolution to create a new committee on the elimination of nonessential federal programs in an attempt to reduce federal outlays.

On January 18, 2012, Duncan introduced the Countering Iran in the Western Hemisphere Act of 2012 (H.R. 3783). This bill made it U.S. policy to use a comprehensive strategy to counter Iran's growing hostile presence in the Western Hemisphere by working together with U.S. allies and partners in the region to deter threats to U.S. interests by Iran, the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), the IRGC's Qods Force, and Hezbollah. On December 28, 2012, President Barack Obama signed the act into law.

On November 19, 2012, Duncan wrote Obama a letter discouraging him from nominating Susan Rice as secretary of state. His letter, which was signed by 97 members of Congress, stated that Rice "either willfully or incompetently misled the American public in the Benghazi matter" and that she had lost the American people's trust and would greatly undermine U.S. credibility abroad.

On April 18, 2013, Duncan introduced the Outer Continental Shelf Transboundary Hydrocarbon Agreements Authorization Act (H.R. 1613). This bill approves a year-old agreement between the U.S. and Mexico to allow the joint development of oil and gas straddling the two countries' maritime boundary in the Gulf of Mexico. H.R. 1613 passed the House with bipartisan support on June 27, 2013. It was subsequently wrapped into the Continuing Resolution of December 12, 2013.

On January 16, 2014, Duncan introduced the Energy Exploration and Production to Achieve National Demand Act (EXPAND Act) (H.R. 3895). The act frees Americans to produce more energy in the U.S. from all sources.

On March 13, 2014, Duncan introduced the DHS Acquisition Accountability and Efficiency Act (H.R. 4228; 113th Congress), a bill that directed the United States Department of Homeland Security to improve the accountability, transparency, and efficiency of its major acquisition programs. The bill specified procedures for DHS to follow if it failed to meet timelines, cost estimates, or other performance parameters for these programs. Duncan argued, "for years, DHS's purchases of major homeland security systems have been late, cost more, and done less than promised. This bill will save taxpayer dollars by forcing DHS to improve its management."  

On February 23, 2016, Duncan introduced H.Res. 617, which gave the House the authority to file suit against the Obama administration should it violate or attempt to violate the law regarding the transfer of detainees from the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay.

In January 2017, Duncan introduced in the House the Hearing Protection Act of 2017 (HPA) (H.R. 367), which would reclassify gun suppressors (silencers) from Title II weapons to Title I weapons (currently ordinary shotguns, rifles and handguns, weapons "not regulated by the National Firearms Act, but regulated by the Gun Control Act of 1968 and other federal laws"), restricting their regulation and making them easier to buy. The HPA amends the Internal Revenue Code and Title 18 of the United States Code to eliminate the transfer tax and paperwork associated with registration of suppressors, refund the tax to anyone who paid it after October 22, 2015 (the date the first Hearing Protection Act was introduced, by Matt Salmon), and "preempt" existing state or local silencer taxes and regulations. In June 2017 Duncan added the HPA to the wide-ranging Sportsmen Heritage and Recreational Enhancement (SHARE) Act, of which he was also the lead sponsor.

On January 19, 2018, Duncan introduced the Ultrasound Informed Consent Act (H.R. 4844), which ensures that women seeking an abortion receive an ultrasound and the opportunity to review it before giving informed consent to receive an abortion.

Political positions

Duncan has described himself as "a strong advocate for life and traditional family values".[7]

In the House chamber, Duncan wore a mask reading "Let's Go Brandon", a popular coded message in Republican circles for an obscene insult to Joe Biden.[8]

Abortion

Duncan is firmly opposed to abortion and exceptions for rape, incest, or saving the life of the mother.[citation needed] He has cosponsored legislation to ban late-term abortions, to end federal funding for abortion providers like Planned Parenthood, and to protect conscience rights for businesses and health care professionals who oppose paying for or participating in abortions.[citation needed]

2nd Amendment

Duncan believes that all Americans have the right to own firearms.[citation needed] In addition to introducing the Hearing Protection Act, he has co-sponsored bills to expand concealed carry reciprocity rights. Duncan has been endorsed by the NRA Political Victory Fund, who gave him an "A" rating in 2014,[9] rising to an "A+" by 2020.[10][11]

LGBT rights

In 2015, Duncan cosponsored a Congressional resolution to amend the Constitution to ban same-sex marriage.[12]

Taxes

Duncan voted for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.[13] He has also cosponsored legislation to repeal the income tax, the estate tax, the health insurance tax, and the entirety of the tax code.[citation needed]

Health care

Duncan supported the full repeal of the Affordable Care Act, voting on numerous occasions to repeal it in full or in part.[citation needed] He supports replacing the ACA with free-market solutions, having cosponsored legislation to expand health savings accounts, make all health care spending tax-deductible, supporting Christian charity health plans, and creating association health plans.[citation needed]

Immigration

Duncan opposes amnesty for illegal immigrants.[citation needed] He believes border security is a constitutional responsibility of the federal government. Duncan supports the construction of a border wall with physical fencing, surveillance technology, and increased border patrol agents on the ground.[citation needed] In February 2017, he introduced the Terrorist Deportation Act (H.R. 844), which makes it harder for suspected terrorists to come to the U.S. and easier to remove those already here.[citation needed] Duncan is also a co-sponsor of "Goodlatte/McCaul", H.R. 4760, which requires mandatory E-verify, makes it a crime to overstay a visa, eliminates chain migration, ends the diversity lottery, and creates an agricultural worker visa program.[citation needed]

Duncan voted against the Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2019 which would amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to eliminate the per-country numerical limitation for employment-based immigrants, to increase the per-country numerical limitation for family-sponsored immigrants, and for other purposes.[14]

Duncan voted against the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020 which authorizes DHS to nearly double the available H-2B visas for the remainder of FY 2020.[15][16]

Duncan voted against the Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R. 1158),[17] which effectively prohibits Immigration and Customs Enforcement from cooperating with the Department of Health and Human Services to detain or remove illegal alien sponsors of Unaccompanied Alien Children.[citation needed]

Energy

Duncan supports increased use of fossil fuels. He sponsored the legislation to implement the Transboundary Hydrocarbon Agreement with Mexico, and cosponsored legislation supporting offshore energy exploration, seismic testing, clean coal technology, nuclear power production, and the export of natural gas.[citation needed] Duncan has also worked to ease regulations on hydraulic fracturing, coal ash, the social cost of carbon, and the "Waters of the United States" regulation.[citation needed] He supported the Department of Interior and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management's January 2018 decision to allow more access to the Outer Continental Shelf.[citation needed]

In December 2023, Duncan introduced the Atomic Energy Advancement Act, provisions of which were passed as part of the ADVANCE Act within the Fire Grants and Safety Act, which was signed into law by President Joe Biden in July 2024.[18][19][20]

Foreign policy

In 2019, Duncan signed a letter led by Representative Ro Khanna and Senator Rand Paul to President Trump. The letter asserted that it is "long past time to rein in the use of force that goes beyond congressional authorization" and that they hoped this would "serve as a model for ending hostilities in the future—in particular, as you and your administration seek a political solution to our involvement in Afghanistan."[21][22]

In 2019, Duncan was one of 60 representatives to vote against condemning Trump's withdrawal from Syria.[23]

In 2020, Duncan voted against the National Defense Authorization Act of 2021, which would prevent the president from withdrawing soldiers from Afghanistan without congressional approval.[24]

In July 2021, Duncan voted against the bipartisan ALLIES Act, which would increase by 8,000 the number of special immigrant visas for Afghan allies of the U.S. military during its invasion of Afghanistan, while also reducing some application requirements that caused long application backlogs; the bill passed in the House 407–16.[25]

Duncan voted to provide Israel with support following 2023 Hamas attack on Israel.[26][27]

Texas v. Pennsylvania

In December 2020, Duncan was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives to sign an amicus brief in support of Texas v. Pennsylvania, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court contesting the results of the 2020 presidential election, in which Joe Biden defeated[28] Trump. The Supreme Court declined to hear the case on the basis that Texas lacked standing under Article III of the Constitution to challenge the results of an election held by another state.[29][30][31]

Support for impeaching President Joe Biden and Alejandro Mayorkas

See also: Efforts to impeach Joe Biden

During the 117th United States Congress, Duncan was co-sponsor of three resolutions to impeach President Joe Biden[32] and one resolution to impeach Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas.[33]

MLB

Duncan was the lead sponsor of a bill to remove Major League Baseball's antitrust law exemption after the league pulled its 2021 All-Star Game from Atlanta in protest of Georgia's new voting law.[34]

Committee assignments

During Duncan's time in Congress, he has also served on the House Committee on Homeland Security, House Committee on Natural Resources, and House Committee on Foreign Affairs. From 2015 to 2017, he chaired the Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere on the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. From 2012 to 2014, Duncan chaired the Subcommittee on Oversight and Management Efficiency on the Committee on Homeland Security.

Electoral history

South Carolina House of Representatives (2002–2008)

2002 South Carolina House of Representatives 15th district Republican primary[35]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan 1,383 56.43%
Republican David Tribble Jr. 1,068 43.57%
Total votes 2,451 100.00%
2002 South Carolina House of Representatives 15th district election[35]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan 5,034 61.05%
Democratic Diane Byrd Anderson 3,205 38.87%
Write-in 7 0.00%
Total votes 8,246 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic
2004 South Carolina House of Representatives 15th district election[36]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 7,146 95.39%
Write-in 345 4.61%
Total votes 7,491 100.00%
Republican hold
2006 South Carolina House of Representatives 15th district Republican primary[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 1,939 68.98%
Republican Rob Clapper 872 31.02%
Total votes 2,811 100.00%
2006 South Carolina House of Representatives 15th district election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 4,404 62.75%
Democratic Gary Vincent 2,605 37.12%
Write-in 9 0.13%
Total votes 7,018 100.00%
Republican hold
2008 South Carolina House of Representatives 15th district election[38]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 8,128 99.06%
Write-in 76 0.93%
Total votes 8,204 100.00%
Republican hold

United States House of Representatives (2010–2022)

2010 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district Republican primary[39]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Cash 20,923 25.35%
Republican Jeff Duncan 19,051 23.08%
Republican Rex Rice 16,071 19.47%
Republican Joe Grimaud 15,503 18.78%
Republican Neal Collins 6,787 8.22%
Republican Frank Michael Vasovski 4,216 5.11%
Total votes 82,551 100.00
2010 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district Republican primary runoff[40]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan 37,300 51.50%
Republican Richard Cash 35,129 48.50%
Total votes 72,429 100.00
2010 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[41]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan 126,235 62.46
Democratic Jane Ballard Dyer 73,095 36.16
Constitution John Dalen 2,682 1.33
Write-in 96 0.05%
Total votes 202,108 100.00
Republican hold
2012 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[42]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 169,512 66.54%
Democratic Brian Ryan B. Doyle 85,735 33.26%
Write-in 516 0.20%
Total votes 254,763 100.00
Republican hold
2014 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[43]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 116,741 71.18%
Democratic Barbara Jo Mullis 47,181 28.77%
Write-in 87 0.05%
Total votes 164,009 100.00
Republican hold
2016 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[44]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 198,431 72.82%
Democratic Hosea Cleveland 73,766 27.07%
Write-in 284 0.10%
Total votes 272,481 100.00
Republican hold
2018 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[45]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 153,338 67.79%
Democratic Mary Geren 70,046 30.97%
American Dave Moore 2,697 1.19%
Write-in 123 0.05%
Total votes 226,204 100.00
Republican hold
2020 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[46]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 237,544 71.21%
Democratic Hosea Cleveland 95,712 28.69%
Write-in 308 0.09%
Total votes 333,564 100.00
Republican hold
2022 South Carolina's 3rd congressional district election[47]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jeff Duncan (incumbent) 189,971 97.64%
Write-in 4,598 2.36%
Total votes 194,569 100.00
Republican hold

Personal life

Duncan married his wife Melody Hodges in 1988; they have three children, who by 2023 had all become adults.[7] In September 2023, Melody filed to divorce Duncan, alleging Duncan has had multiple extramarital affairs, including one with a lobbyist that Melody believes Duncan is living together with in Washington D.C.; Melody alleged that Duncan "admitted this adulterous relationship to many other people, including the parties' sons and members of his staff".[7]

Awards

Duncan has received numerous awards during his time in Congress, including:

Congressional baseball shooting

Main article: Congressional baseball shooting

According to Duncan, the shooter, James Thomas Hodgkinson, approached him at his car and asked if Democrats or Republicans were on the field.

References

  1. ^ ADRAGNA, ANTHONY (January 17, 2024). "Jeff Duncan won't seek reelection to his South Carolina House seat". Politico. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  2. ^ "News From The Associated Press (Jeff Duncan Candidate Profile)". Associated Press. March 4, 2016. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  3. ^ "Election Night Reporting". www.enr-scvotes.org. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
  4. ^ "Election Night Reporting". www.enr-scvotes.org. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
  5. ^ "Members". Congressional Blockchain Caucus. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
  6. ^ "Full list of Freedom Caucus Members after 2022 midterms results". Newsweek. November 10, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  7. ^ a b c Dominguez, Damian (September 22, 2023). "SC Rep. Jeff Duncan's wife files for divorce over 'extramarital affair' with lobbyist". Index-Journal. Retrieved September 25, 2023.
  8. ^ Palmer, Ewan (October 26, 2021). "GOP Congressman Wears Let's Go Brandon Mask in House Chamber". Newsweek Online. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  9. ^ "NRA-PVF | South Carolina". NRA-PVF. NRA Political Victory Fund. Archived from the original on November 4, 2014. Retrieved January 22, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  10. ^ "NRA-PVF | South Carolina". NRA-PVF. NRA Political Victory Fund. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  11. ^ "NRA-PVF | South Carolina". NRA-PVF. NRA Political Victory Fund. Archived from the original on November 5, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  12. ^ Huelskamp, Tim (February 12, 2015). "Cosponsors – H.J.Res.32 – 114th Congress (2015–2016): Marriage Protection Amendment". www.congress.gov. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  13. ^ "FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 637". House of Representatives. November 16, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  14. ^ "H.R. 1044: Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2019 – House Vote #437 – Jul 10, 2019".
  15. ^ "Text – H.R.1865 – 116th Congress (2019–2020): Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020". December 20, 2019.
  16. ^ "Roll Call 689 Roll Call 689, Bill Number: H. R. 1865, 116th Congress, 1st Session". December 17, 2019.
  17. ^ "H.R. 1158: DHS Cyber Hunt and Incident Response Teams Act … – House Vote #690 – Dec 17, 2019".
  18. ^ "Atomic Energy Advancement Act (H.R. 6544)". GovTrack.us. Retrieved July 14, 2024.
  19. ^ S. 870
  20. ^ S. 870
  21. ^ Everett, Burgess (April 3, 2019). "Rand Paul, Ocasio-Cortez praise Trump for Syria withdrawal". Politico.
  22. ^ Bolton, Alexander (April 3, 2019). "Rand Paul teams up with Ocasio-Cortez, Omar to press Trump on Syria withdrawal". The Hill.
  23. ^ "H.J.Res. 77: Opposing the decision to end certain United States … – House Vote #560 – Oct 16, 2019".
  24. ^ "H.R. 6395: William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act … – House Vote #152 – Jul 21, 2020".
  25. ^ Quarshie, Mabinty (August 17, 2021). "These 16 Republicans voted against speeding up visas for Afghans fleeing the Taliban". USA Today. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
  26. ^ Demirjian, Karoun (October 25, 2023). "House Declares Solidarity With Israel in First Legislation Under New Speaker". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 30, 2023.
  27. ^ Washington, U. S. Capitol Room H154; p:225-7000, DC 20515-6601 (October 25, 2023). "Roll Call 528 Roll Call 528, Bill Number: H. Res. 771, 118th Congress, 1st Session". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved October 30, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  28. ^ Blood, Michael R.; Riccardi, Nicholas (December 5, 2020). "Biden officially secures enough electors to become president". AP News. Archived from the original on December 8, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  29. ^ Liptak, Adam (December 11, 2020). "Supreme Court Rejects Texas Suit Seeking to Subvert Election". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 11, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  30. ^ "Order in Pending Case" (PDF). Supreme Court of the United States. December 11, 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 11, 2020. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  31. ^ Diaz, Daniella. "Brief from 126 Republicans supporting Texas lawsuit in Supreme Court". CNN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2020. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  32. ^
  33. ^ "H.Res.582 – Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors". www.congress.gov. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  34. ^ Castronuovo, Celine (April 2, 2021). "GOP lawmaker to offer bill revoking MLB's antitrust exception". The Hill.
  35. ^ a b Election report 2002 scvotes.gov
  36. ^ Election report 2004 scvotes.gov
  37. ^ a b Election report 2006 scvotes.gov
  38. ^ Election report 2008 scvotes.gov
  39. ^ "SC – Election Results".
  40. ^ "South Carolina 3rd District Race Profile – Election 2010 – the New York Times". The New York Times.
  41. ^ "SC – Election Results".
  42. ^ "SC – Election Results".
  43. ^ "SC – Election Results".
  44. ^ "SC – Election Results".
  45. ^ "Election Night Reporting".
  46. ^ "Election Night Reporting".
  47. ^ "Election Night Reporting".
  48. ^ [1][permanent dead link]
  49. ^ [2]
  50. ^ [3]
  51. ^ [4]
  52. ^ [5]
  53. ^ [6]
  54. ^ [7] Archived 2021-09-21 at the Wayback Machine
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 3rd congressional district
2011–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States representatives by seniority
98th 		Succeeded by
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